kd Tasik 1004148 Table of Content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
PERNYATAAN...............................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .....................................................................................
iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................
xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A.
Latar Belakang Penelitian ...........................................................
1
B.
Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ...................................................
5
C.
Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................
5
D.
Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................
6
E.
Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................
6
F.
Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .........................................................
7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN, DAN
HIPOTESIS TINDAKAN PENELITIAN
A.
Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri .....................................................
9
1.
Pengertian Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ...................................
9
2.
Dasar Penggunan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ........................
10
3.
Ciri-ciri Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri .......................................
11
4.
Komponen Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ..................................
12
5.
Jenis Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ............................................
13
6.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing ..............................
16
7.
Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ........
20
B.
Hasil Belajar .............................................................................
21
vi
C.
Pembelajaran IPA .....................................................................
26
D.
Pembelajaran IPA tentang Cahaya dan Sifat-sifatnya ..............
29
1.
Pemantulan Cahaya ..................................................................
29
2.
Pemantulan Cahaya pada Cermin .............................................
31
E.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajarn Inkuiri Terbimbing dalam
Materi Cahaya dan Sifat-sifatnya di Kelas V Sekolah Dasar ...
32
1.
Perencanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................
32
2.
Pelakasanaan Pembelajaran ......................................................
33
3.
Evaluasi ....................................................................................
33
F.
Penelitian yang Relevan ..........................................................
34
G.
Kerangka Pemikiran .................................................................
35
H.
Anggapan Dasar .......................................................................
36
I.
Hipotesis Tindakan Penelitian ..................................................
37
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A.
Lokasi dan Subjek Populasi......................................................
38
B.
Desain Penelitian ......................................................................
38
1.
Orientasi dan Identifikasi Masalah ...........................................
39
2.
Perencanaan Tindakan Penelitian .............................................
40
3.
Pelaksanaan Tindakan Penelitian .............................................
40
C.
Metode Penelitian .....................................................................
42
D.
Definisi Opersional Variabel Penelitian ...................................
45
E.
Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................
46
F.
Proses Pengembangan Instrumen .............................................
47
G.
Teknik Pengumpulan Data .......................................................
50
H.
Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................
52
1.
Teknik Analisis Data Kualitatif ................................................
52
2.
Teknik Analisis Data Kuantitatif ..............................................
53
I.
Fokus Tindakan ........................................................................
53
J.
Kriteria Keberhasilan................................................................
54
vii
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A.
Deskripsi Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................
56
1.
Keadaan Sekolah ......................................................................
56
2.
Keadaan Guru ...........................................................................
57
3.
Keadaan Siswa..........................................................................
57
B.
Deskripsi Kegiatan Pra Tindakan .............................................
58
C.
Deskripsi Hasil Penelitian ........................................................
60
1.
Siklus I ......................................................................................
60
a.
Perencanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ...............................
60
b.
Pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ................................
61
c.
Observasi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I....................................
63
d.
Refleksi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ......................................
72
e.
Hipotesis Tindakan Siklus I......................................................
75
2.
Siklus II ....................................................................................
78
a.
Perencanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II ..............................
78
b.
Pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II...............................
79
c.
Observasi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II ..................................
81
d.
Refleksi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II .....................................
89
e.
Hipotesis Tindakan Siklus II ....................................................
89
D.
Pembahasan ..............................................................................
90
1.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Merancang
Perencanaan Pembelajaran menggunakan Model Inkuiri
Terbimbing ...............................................................................
2.
90
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Mengelola
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran menggunakan Model Inkuiri
3.
Terbimbing ...............................................................................
92
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa ..............................................
95
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A.
Simpulan ...................................................................................
99
B.
Saran .........................................................................................
100
viii
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................
101
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN...............................................................................
105
RIWAYAT HIDUP ..........................................................................................
248
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2. 1 Fase Model Inkuiri ..........................................................................
17
Tabel 2. 2 Sintak Model Inkuiri Terbimbing ...................................................
18
Tabel 3. 1 Pengelompokkan Tingkat Kesukaran Butir Soal ............................
49
Tabel 3. 2 Kategori Daya Pembeda Butir Soal ................................................
49
Tabel 4. 1 Hasil Refleksi Kegiatan Pra Tindakan ............................................
59
Tabel 4. 2 Data Perolehan Nilai Pretest dan Postest Siswa pada Siklus I .......
69
Tabel 4. 3 Data Perolehan Nilai Pretest dan Postest Siswa pada Siklus II......
87
Tabel 4. 4 Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Kognitif ................
96
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2. 1 Hukum Pemantulan Cahaya ........................................................
30
Gambar 2. 2 Pemantulan teratur.......................................................................
30
Gambar 2. 3 Pemantulan tidak teratur..............................................................
30
Gambar 2. 4 Pemantulan pada cermin datar ...................................................
31
Gambar 2. 5 Pemantulan pada cermin cembung .............................................
31
Gambar 2. 6 Pemantulan pada cermin cekung .................................................
32
Gambar 2. 7 Bagan kerangka berfikir penelitian .............................................
36
Gambar 3. 1 Siklus Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Model Kemmis
dan Mc Taggart ...........................................................................
39
Gambar 4. 1 Grafik Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru membuat Perencanaan
Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Model Inkuiri Tebimbing .
92
Gambar 4. 2 Grafik Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam mengelola
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Model
Inkuiri Terbimbing ......................................................................
94
Gambar 4. 3 Grafik Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Kognitif.
97
Gambar 4. 4 Grafik Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Afektif
dan Psikomotor ...........................................................................
xi
97
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian....................................................
105
Lampiran A. 1 Kisi-Kisi Uji Instrumen Tes ....................................................
106
Lampiran A. 2 Soal Uji Coba Instrumen Tes ...................................................
107
Lampiran A. 3 Hasil Uji Validitas ...................................................................
114
Lampiran A. 4 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas ...............................................................
115
Lampiran A. 5 Hasil Uji Tingkat Kesukaran ...................................................
117
Lampiran A. 6 Hasil Uji Daya Pembeda Soal.................................................
118
Lampiran A. 7 Hasil Seleksi Butir Soal Instrumen Penelitian .........................
119
Lampiran B Studi Pendahuluan ......................................................................
120
Lampiran B. 1 Hasil Wawancara .....................................................................
121
Lampiran B. 2 Nilai Pretest Siklus I dan Siklus II ..........................................
123
Lampiran C Penelitian Siklus I .......................................................................
124
Lampiran C. 1 RPP Siklus I .............................................................................
125
Lampiran C. 2 Skenario Pembelajaran Siklus I ...............................................
130
Lampiran C. 3 Materi Ajar ...............................................................................
134
Lampiran C. 4 Media Pembelajaran.................................................................
135
Lampiran C. 5 Hasil Penelitian Siklus I ...........................................................
136
Lampiran C. 5.1 Hasil Pengisian LKS .............................................................
137
Lampiran C. 5.2 Hasil Perolehan Nilai Siswa .................................................
144
Lampiran C. 5.3 Hasil Observasi RPP .............................................................
148
Lampiran C. 5.4 Hasil Observasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran..........................
157
Lampiran C. 5.5 Hasil Observasi Keterlaksanaan Model ................................
164
Lampiran C. 5.6 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ...........................................
168
Lampiran C. 5.7 Hasil Catatan Lapangan ........................................................
174
Lampiran C. 5.8 Hasil Wawancara ..................................................................
177
Lampiran C. 5.9 Hasil Uji Non Parametrik .....................................................
178
Lampiran D Penelitian Siklus II......................................................................
180
Lampiran D. 1 RPP Siklus II ...........................................................................
181
Lampiran D. 2 Skenario Pembelajaran Siklus II..............................................
186
xii
Lampiran D. 3 Materi Ajar ..............................................................................
189
Lampiran D. 4 Media Pembelajaran ................................................................
191
Lampiran D. 5 Hasil Penelitian Siklus II .........................................................
193
Lampiran D. 5.1 Hasil Pengisian LKS .............................................................
194
Lampiran D. 5.2 Hasil Perolehan Nilai Siswa .................................................
200
Lampiran D. 5.3 Hasil Observasi RPP .............................................................
204
Lampiran D. 5.4 Hasil Observasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .........................
213
Lampiran D. 5.5 Hasil Observasi Keterlaksanaan Model ................................
220
Lampiran D. 5.6 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa...........................................
224
Lampiran D. 5.7 Hasil Catatan Lapangan ........................................................
230
Lampiran D. 5.8 Hasil Wawancara ..................................................................
233
Lampiran D. 5.9 Hasil Uji Non Parametrik .....................................................
234
Lampiran E. Dokumentasi ...............................................................................
238
Lampiran E.1 SK Dosen Pembimbing Skripsi................................................
239
Lampiran E.2 Surat Ijin Peneltian dari KESBANG ........................................
240
Lampiran E.3 Surat Ijin dari Dinas Pendidikan ..............................................
241
Lampiran E.4 Surat Keterangan dari Kepala Sekolah ....................................
242
Lampiran E.5 Foto-foto Penelitian..................................................................
243
xiii
Halaman
PERNYATAAN...............................................................................................
i
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .....................................................................................
iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................
iv
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................
xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A.
Latar Belakang Penelitian ...........................................................
1
B.
Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ...................................................
5
C.
Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................
5
D.
Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................
6
E.
Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................
6
F.
Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .........................................................
7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN, DAN
HIPOTESIS TINDAKAN PENELITIAN
A.
Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri .....................................................
9
1.
Pengertian Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ...................................
9
2.
Dasar Penggunan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ........................
10
3.
Ciri-ciri Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri .......................................
11
4.
Komponen Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ..................................
12
5.
Jenis Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ............................................
13
6.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing ..............................
16
7.
Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri ........
20
B.
Hasil Belajar .............................................................................
21
vi
C.
Pembelajaran IPA .....................................................................
26
D.
Pembelajaran IPA tentang Cahaya dan Sifat-sifatnya ..............
29
1.
Pemantulan Cahaya ..................................................................
29
2.
Pemantulan Cahaya pada Cermin .............................................
31
E.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajarn Inkuiri Terbimbing dalam
Materi Cahaya dan Sifat-sifatnya di Kelas V Sekolah Dasar ...
32
1.
Perencanaan Pembelajaran .......................................................
32
2.
Pelakasanaan Pembelajaran ......................................................
33
3.
Evaluasi ....................................................................................
33
F.
Penelitian yang Relevan ..........................................................
34
G.
Kerangka Pemikiran .................................................................
35
H.
Anggapan Dasar .......................................................................
36
I.
Hipotesis Tindakan Penelitian ..................................................
37
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A.
Lokasi dan Subjek Populasi......................................................
38
B.
Desain Penelitian ......................................................................
38
1.
Orientasi dan Identifikasi Masalah ...........................................
39
2.
Perencanaan Tindakan Penelitian .............................................
40
3.
Pelaksanaan Tindakan Penelitian .............................................
40
C.
Metode Penelitian .....................................................................
42
D.
Definisi Opersional Variabel Penelitian ...................................
45
E.
Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................
46
F.
Proses Pengembangan Instrumen .............................................
47
G.
Teknik Pengumpulan Data .......................................................
50
H.
Teknik Analisis Data ................................................................
52
1.
Teknik Analisis Data Kualitatif ................................................
52
2.
Teknik Analisis Data Kuantitatif ..............................................
53
I.
Fokus Tindakan ........................................................................
53
J.
Kriteria Keberhasilan................................................................
54
vii
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A.
Deskripsi Lokasi Penelitian ......................................................
56
1.
Keadaan Sekolah ......................................................................
56
2.
Keadaan Guru ...........................................................................
57
3.
Keadaan Siswa..........................................................................
57
B.
Deskripsi Kegiatan Pra Tindakan .............................................
58
C.
Deskripsi Hasil Penelitian ........................................................
60
1.
Siklus I ......................................................................................
60
a.
Perencanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ...............................
60
b.
Pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ................................
61
c.
Observasi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I....................................
63
d.
Refleksi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus I ......................................
72
e.
Hipotesis Tindakan Siklus I......................................................
75
2.
Siklus II ....................................................................................
78
a.
Perencanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II ..............................
78
b.
Pelaksanaan Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II...............................
79
c.
Observasi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II ..................................
81
d.
Refleksi Penelitian Tindakan Siklus II .....................................
89
e.
Hipotesis Tindakan Siklus II ....................................................
89
D.
Pembahasan ..............................................................................
90
1.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Merancang
Perencanaan Pembelajaran menggunakan Model Inkuiri
Terbimbing ...............................................................................
2.
90
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Mengelola
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran menggunakan Model Inkuiri
3.
Terbimbing ...............................................................................
92
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa ..............................................
95
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A.
Simpulan ...................................................................................
99
B.
Saran .........................................................................................
100
viii
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................
101
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN...............................................................................
105
RIWAYAT HIDUP ..........................................................................................
248
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2. 1 Fase Model Inkuiri ..........................................................................
17
Tabel 2. 2 Sintak Model Inkuiri Terbimbing ...................................................
18
Tabel 3. 1 Pengelompokkan Tingkat Kesukaran Butir Soal ............................
49
Tabel 3. 2 Kategori Daya Pembeda Butir Soal ................................................
49
Tabel 4. 1 Hasil Refleksi Kegiatan Pra Tindakan ............................................
59
Tabel 4. 2 Data Perolehan Nilai Pretest dan Postest Siswa pada Siklus I .......
69
Tabel 4. 3 Data Perolehan Nilai Pretest dan Postest Siswa pada Siklus II......
87
Tabel 4. 4 Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Kognitif ................
96
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2. 1 Hukum Pemantulan Cahaya ........................................................
30
Gambar 2. 2 Pemantulan teratur.......................................................................
30
Gambar 2. 3 Pemantulan tidak teratur..............................................................
30
Gambar 2. 4 Pemantulan pada cermin datar ...................................................
31
Gambar 2. 5 Pemantulan pada cermin cembung .............................................
31
Gambar 2. 6 Pemantulan pada cermin cekung .................................................
32
Gambar 2. 7 Bagan kerangka berfikir penelitian .............................................
36
Gambar 3. 1 Siklus Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Model Kemmis
dan Mc Taggart ...........................................................................
39
Gambar 4. 1 Grafik Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru membuat Perencanaan
Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Model Inkuiri Tebimbing .
92
Gambar 4. 2 Grafik Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam mengelola
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Model
Inkuiri Terbimbing ......................................................................
94
Gambar 4. 3 Grafik Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Kognitif.
97
Gambar 4. 4 Grafik Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Aspek Afektif
dan Psikomotor ...........................................................................
xi
97
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran A Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian....................................................
105
Lampiran A. 1 Kisi-Kisi Uji Instrumen Tes ....................................................
106
Lampiran A. 2 Soal Uji Coba Instrumen Tes ...................................................
107
Lampiran A. 3 Hasil Uji Validitas ...................................................................
114
Lampiran A. 4 Hasil Uji Reliabilitas ...............................................................
115
Lampiran A. 5 Hasil Uji Tingkat Kesukaran ...................................................
117
Lampiran A. 6 Hasil Uji Daya Pembeda Soal.................................................
118
Lampiran A. 7 Hasil Seleksi Butir Soal Instrumen Penelitian .........................
119
Lampiran B Studi Pendahuluan ......................................................................
120
Lampiran B. 1 Hasil Wawancara .....................................................................
121
Lampiran B. 2 Nilai Pretest Siklus I dan Siklus II ..........................................
123
Lampiran C Penelitian Siklus I .......................................................................
124
Lampiran C. 1 RPP Siklus I .............................................................................
125
Lampiran C. 2 Skenario Pembelajaran Siklus I ...............................................
130
Lampiran C. 3 Materi Ajar ...............................................................................
134
Lampiran C. 4 Media Pembelajaran.................................................................
135
Lampiran C. 5 Hasil Penelitian Siklus I ...........................................................
136
Lampiran C. 5.1 Hasil Pengisian LKS .............................................................
137
Lampiran C. 5.2 Hasil Perolehan Nilai Siswa .................................................
144
Lampiran C. 5.3 Hasil Observasi RPP .............................................................
148
Lampiran C. 5.4 Hasil Observasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran..........................
157
Lampiran C. 5.5 Hasil Observasi Keterlaksanaan Model ................................
164
Lampiran C. 5.6 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa ...........................................
168
Lampiran C. 5.7 Hasil Catatan Lapangan ........................................................
174
Lampiran C. 5.8 Hasil Wawancara ..................................................................
177
Lampiran C. 5.9 Hasil Uji Non Parametrik .....................................................
178
Lampiran D Penelitian Siklus II......................................................................
180
Lampiran D. 1 RPP Siklus II ...........................................................................
181
Lampiran D. 2 Skenario Pembelajaran Siklus II..............................................
186
xii
Lampiran D. 3 Materi Ajar ..............................................................................
189
Lampiran D. 4 Media Pembelajaran ................................................................
191
Lampiran D. 5 Hasil Penelitian Siklus II .........................................................
193
Lampiran D. 5.1 Hasil Pengisian LKS .............................................................
194
Lampiran D. 5.2 Hasil Perolehan Nilai Siswa .................................................
200
Lampiran D. 5.3 Hasil Observasi RPP .............................................................
204
Lampiran D. 5.4 Hasil Observasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran .........................
213
Lampiran D. 5.5 Hasil Observasi Keterlaksanaan Model ................................
220
Lampiran D. 5.6 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa...........................................
224
Lampiran D. 5.7 Hasil Catatan Lapangan ........................................................
230
Lampiran D. 5.8 Hasil Wawancara ..................................................................
233
Lampiran D. 5.9 Hasil Uji Non Parametrik .....................................................
234
Lampiran E. Dokumentasi ...............................................................................
238
Lampiran E.1 SK Dosen Pembimbing Skripsi................................................
239
Lampiran E.2 Surat Ijin Peneltian dari KESBANG ........................................
240
Lampiran E.3 Surat Ijin dari Dinas Pendidikan ..............................................
241
Lampiran E.4 Surat Keterangan dari Kepala Sekolah ....................................
242
Lampiran E.5 Foto-foto Penelitian..................................................................
243
xiii