Daisy's oppression in F.Scott Fitzgerald's the Great Gatsby.

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities State Islamic

University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya

By:

Nadya Putri Heriantanti Reg. Number: A33213068

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA 2017

ABSTRACT

Heriantanti, Nadya.P. 2017. “Daisy’s Oppression in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby”. Thesis, English Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

The Advisor: Abu Fanani, M.Pd.

This thesis entitled Daisy’s Oppression in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby has an objective to analyze about oppression which is experienced by Daisy Fay Buchanan as the minor character. The writer uses descriptive

qualitative method to explain more details about the analysis. The researcher also uses theory of feminism especially liberal feminism and new criticism to answer the statement of problem.

The result of analysis shows Daisy gets some oppressions in her

household, which are Tom has love affair with some other women, Tom does not care over Daisy’s reproduction, Tom limits Daisy for taking a mother role, and Tom limits Daisy in society. To respond her oppression, Daisy becomes brave, stubborn, and even changes from inconsistent woman. The oppression of Daisy comes into her life after she got married with an arrogant man, Tom Buchanan.

INTISARI

Heriantanti, Nadya.P. 2017. “Daisy’s Oppression in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby”. Skripsi, Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Dosen Pembimbing: Abu Fanani, M.Pd.

Skripsi ini berjudul Daisy’s Oppression in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis tentang penindasan yang di alami Daisy Fay Buchanan sebagai karakter pendukung. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan lebih detail tentang analisis. Penulis juga menggunakan teori feminisme khususnya feminisme liberal dan kritik baru untuk menjawab rumusan masalah.

Hasil analisa menunjukkan Daisy mendapat beberapa penindasan dalam rumah tangganya, yang mana Tom memiliki hubungan cinta dengan beberapa wanita, Tom tidak peduli atas reproduksi Daisy, Tom membatasi Daisy atas pengambilan peran ibu, dan Tom membatasi Daisy dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Untuk menanggapi penindasan nya, Daisy menjadi wanita yang berani, keras kepala, dan bahkan berubah dari wanita yang tidak konsisten. Penindasan Daisy datang ke kehidupannya setelah dia menikah dengan seorang pria angkuh, Tom Buchanan.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Inside Cover Page... i

Inside Title Page... ii

Declaration... iii

Advisor’s Approval Sheet... iv

Examiner’s Approval Sheet...... v

Motto... vi

Dedication Page... vii

Acknowledgment... viii

Table of Content... x

Abstract... xiii

Intisari... xiv

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION... 1

1.1 Background of the Study... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem... 4

1.4 Significance of Study... 5

1.5 Scope and Limitation... 6

1.6 Method of Study... 6

1.7 Definition of Keyterm... 7

CHAPTER 2 LITERARY REVIEW... 9

2.1 Theoretical Framework... 9

2.1.1 Feminism... 9

2.1.1.1Liberal Feminism... 11

2.1.2 New Criticism... 15

2.1.2.1 Character... 16

2.1.2.2 Characterization... 17

2.2 Review of Related Studies... 18

CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS... 21

3.1 Daisy’s Oppressions... 21

3.1.1 Tom has love affair with other women behind Daisy... 22

3.1.2 Tom does not care over Daisy’s reproduction... 25

3.1.4 Tom limits Daisy from society... 28

3.2 Daisy’s responses toward her oppression... 29

3.2.1 Daisy becomes a brave woman... 30

3.2.2 Daisy becomes a stubborn woman... 35

3.2.3 Daisy becomes a inconsistent woman... 39

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION... 43

Conclusion... 43

WORK CITED... 45

APPENDIX... 48

Synopsis... 48

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study

There has been many definition about literature itself. According to Simon and Delyse Ryan in Hussain, most attempted definitions of literature are broad and vague, and they inevitably change over time. In fact, the only thing that is certain about defining literature is that the definition will change. Concepts of what is literature change over time as well (29).

Cuddon also speculates that literature is a vague term wich usuallly denotes works which belong to major genres; prose, drama, novel, short story. if we describe something as “literature”, the term carries with it qualitative connotations which imply that the work relates to written work (472).

In literary work, there are two types, which is fiction and non-fiction. Fiction is written by author’s imagination usually. While non-fiction is written by true event. In fiction especially, it relates to novel and short story. Fictitious novel can be also written based on the fact events or history such as condition of the people or society (Abrams 94-95). Someone can never be free from society. No one in society is free from social structures. They are part of group that is defined on the basis of race, class, gender, sexuality, nationality, age, ability and so on. Someone

lives with structure of oppression if they get denomination from other one in their life (Hinson and Bradley 01).

Barker in Wormer states oppression as the social act of placing severe restrictions on an individual, group or institution. The oppressed individual or group is devalued, exploited and deprived of privileges by the individual or group which has more power (03). Johnson argues that “concept of oppression points to social forces that tend to press upon people and hold them down, to prevent them and block their pursuits of a good life. Just as privilege tends to open doors of opportunity, oppression tends to slam them shut” (39).

The existence of character in the novel that reveals the oppression is not viewed from one side. Although the character’s role is single role but it has an essential meaning of its existence. Aristotle states that the character is secondary essential in literary work. Yet, the he argues that the existence character has important role. Hence, if the existence is absent the story will be loosen (Bannet and Royle 60).

By reading the novel, the readers not only understand from its language, but also other elements of the novel such as character, characterization, plot, theme and so on. In this study, the writer analyzes The Great Gatsby as the subject of the study. The Great Gatsby is a novel which takes the character’s name as the same as the title. It was written by F.S Fitzgerald in 1925. The Great Gatsby is one of his famous novel at that time. It is a novel of triumph and tragedy. Furthermore,

through the characterization in The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald explores the human condition as it is reflected by social life of American at that time.

The Great Gatsby is the story of millionaire Jay Gatsby who is told by Nick Carraway who lives in Long Island and also Gatsby’s neighbor. Nick soon finds the past story from Jordan Baker, Daisy’s friend that Gatsby and Daisy used to have special relationship before Daisy married with Tom. Daisy feels unhappy to live with Tom Buchanan actually. Since from the start Daisy is forced to marry with Tom. Tom is an ambitious and arrogant man. Beside that, she actually knows that Tom has love affair with another woman. From Daisy’s marriage with Tom, she has a daughter namely Pammy. Yet in fact, not everyone knows that Daisy has a daughter. Someday Gatsby asks Nick to invite Daisy in Nick’s house and see her again. Day by day after they see each other Daisy has fallen in love again with Gatsby but she can not avoid that she has married with Tom Buchanan. Gatsby and Daisy begin to see each other secretly with some frequency. When Tom knows love affair between Gatsby and Daisy, he confronts them. The two of them, Tom and Gatsby argue about who Daisy loves. Daisy claims that she loves both Tom and Gatsby and she can not deny that she ever loved Tom once. At the end of the story, regardless of her complicated life, Daisy still chooses to stay with Tom than Gatsby.

The researcher is interested in analyzing The Great Gatsby since it presents the character that experiences the oppression. In addition, the researcher focuses on the secondary character, Daisy Fay. Yet, the existence of Daisy is dominated by her husband, Tom Buchanan. This analysis illuminates how Daisy’s oppression

is described and how her responses to the oppression. The oppression in this case grows from the household. Tom Buchanan is the agent of the oppression and Daisy Fay is the victim of the oppression.

Some reviews sometimes focus on Gatsby as the major character rather than the secondary characters. But, the other attention should be paid to Daisy

Buchanan, a woman who causes Gatsby dies tragically. Some critics write about Daisy’s existence and judge her in a bad manner. Marius Bewley calls Daisy is “Vicious emptiness” and “monstrous moral indifference” (Person 250). Then Robert Omstein writes that Daisy is “criminally amoral” (Person 250). In addition, Leslie Fiedler states Daisy as a “Dark Destroyer”, a purveyor of

“corrruption and death” (Person 250). Houck also claims in his review that Daisy is the selfish one and should be the one who takes the responsibility for Gatsby’s death (01). None of them writes about Daisy’s importance in the novel. Those critics do not write about Daisy’s role in the novel.

Therefore, the researcher concludes that actually Daisy is just controlled by Tom. Daisy’s personality is not always bad. In fact, Daisy hides Tom’s bad treatment towards her. It can be seen by hiding all of Tom’s treatment, such as Tom’s violence and dishonesty. Those things must be considered in analyzing Daisy’s oppression.

1.2 Statements of Problem

This research focuses on Daisy in The Great Gatsby novel. Thus the researcher formulates the statement of problem below:

1. How are the oppressions experienced by Daisy in her household? 2.. How are Daisy’s responses toward her oppressions?

1.3 Objective of Study

From the statement of problem above, the objective of studies are: 1. To describe the oppressions which are experienced by Daisy 2. To reveal Daisy’s responses to her oppressions

1.4 Significance of Study

This study has both theoretical and practical significance of study. Theoretically, this study is important to understand woman’s oppression

represented in literary works because the readers can know the oppressions and the responses of woman’s oppression through representation of Daisy for woman’s development in the gender aspect. Furthermore, this study offers the other source of woman’s oppression study through liberal feminist thought and new criticism as supporting theory.

Practically, this study aims to reveal woman’s oppresion. And this study aims to enlarge knowledge and understanding the oppressison especially in The Great Gatsby novel which is experienced by Daisy.

The writer hopes that this study can contribute as a reference for the reader who want to know more about woman’s oppression especially in The Great Gatsby. Besides through this study, it will give more contribution to the readers in appreciating the literary works especially The Great Gatsby by F.Scott Fitzgerald.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The main scope of this study is to analyze about Daisy in her household where she experiences oppression. In this part, the researcher also intends to describe Daisy’s oppression in her household. Whereas the limitation of this study is about Daisy’s responses toward her oppression which is experienced by her. In this part, The writer also intends to reveal Daisy’s response to the oppression that she gets.

1.6Method of Study a. Type of Study

In this research, the researcher uses qualitative method. A qualitative method is a method which does not use numerical form in gathering and interpreting the data. McKay in Zacharias also states

qualitative studies start with the assumption that the research topic must be understood (09). In addition, Kothari argues a qualitative method is

concerned with the qualitative phenomenon. For instance, when we are interested in investigating the reasons for human behaviour. It means the aims of qualitative research are to understand some phenomena (03). This research presents the oppression as the phenomenon and the response towards it.

b. Data Source

The researcher uses The Great Gatsby novel, then the writer uses some the theory books and internet sources.

c. Data Collection

The researcher uses an objective approach, in which the researcher uses the data based on the instinsic elements of The Great Gatsby novel. Below is the writer’s steps to analyze of data:

1. The researcher begins to find the data needed.

2. After all of data needed is found, then the researcher develops the data needed since not all the data is directly related to the writer’s statement of problem.

3. The researcher attempts to categorize all the necessary data and to eliminate some of unnecessary data.

4. The researcher leaves out the data which do not relate to the statement of problem and the theory of this study.

d. Data Analysis

After conducting the data, the researcher will produce the data and divide the date into some steps. The first step, the researcher chooses one problem in the story that want to be analyzed. Second steps, the researcher will choose the theories that related to problem of the data. Third step, the researcher will analyze the data based on theory.

1.7Definition of Keyterms

To avoid misunderstanding between the writer and the reader in

understanding this study, then the writer gives some of definition of keyterms as below:

A. Oppression

Oppression is unjust activity of somebody’s power towards somebody else that has purpose to pressing down

CHAPTER 2

LITERARY REVIEW

2.1 Theoretical Framework

This chapter presents about the related theories and the related previous studies. This chapter also gives explanation about the theories to analyze the statements of problem of this study. This research will use two theories which is Feminism as main theory and New Criticism as supporting theory. The researcher chooses liberal feminism to analyze Daisy’s oppression in her household as wife and new criticism focusing on Daisy’s responses toward her oppression.

2.1.1 Feminism

Feminism was originally a French word. It refers to “woman’s

movement”. Feminism was introduced in United States in early 20th century. It was used to refer only to one particular group of women’s right advocates, namely the group which asserted the uniqueness fof women, the mystical experience of motherhood and women’s special purity (Jaggar 05).

The women’s liberation movement is the major version of feminism in western society. The movement reflects the political context from which it emerged and provides a clue to some ways in which differ from earlier forms of feminism. Earlier feminists used the language of “rights” and equality” but in the late 1960s became “oppression” and “liberation” (Jaggar 06).

The etymology origin of the word “oppression” lies in Latin for “Press down”. This root suggests that people who are oppressed suffer some kind of restrictions on their freedom. Not all of restrictions on people’s freedom are oppressive. People are not oppressed by simple natural phenomena instead oppression is the result of human agency imposed restrictions on people freedom (Jaggar 10).

Jaggar states that liberation is the correlate of oppression. It is release from oppressive constraints. Thus, there are conceptual connections between

oppression and liberation; politcal of freedom and justice. While the concepts of oppression and liberation are linked to the familiar philosophical concepts of freedom, justice and equality, they can not be reduced without loss to those concepts (12).

Women’s liberation engages in political philosophy. Feminist political philosophers uses traditional and non-traditional categories in attempting to describe and evaluate women’s experience. They often raise the issues such as conception of love, friendship, or sexuality. They challenge views about the naturalness of sexual intercourse and chilbearing (Jaggar 14).

Contemporary feminists share certain concerns that distinguish them both from non feminists and from earlier feminists. Some feminists work in

universities, some are active in left groups. The variety of work and life experience results in a variety of perceptions of social reality and of women’s oppression. Standing in different social locations, some feminists experience

certain aspects of women’s oppression with particular sharpness while others are affected by other aspects. The difference perceptions of women’s oppression is used in developing systematic analyses of women’s oppression which differ from each other (Jaggar 17).

According to Jaggar, Women movement in Europe and North America is divided into two waves, begun at 18th and 19th century and begun at 1960s. The second wave is the more complex movement which many feminists has used difference approaches and divided into some big categories. These categories include marxist-socialist feminism, radical feminism, liberal feminism, and post-modern feminism (20). But this research will tend to focus on liberal feminism. 2.1.1.1 Liberal Feminism

This kind of feminism is based on the liberalism. Liberalism suggests all human (men or women) is created in the equal position, harmonious, and having the same potency of rationality. Women must be independent to struggle so that they are equal with men. Liberal feminism frequently criticizes the family institution which place women in the domestic area, so emotional aspect of women is bigger than the rational aspect. Liberal political theory is grounded on the conception of human beings as essentially rational agents. The overriding goal of liberal feminism always has been the application of liberal principles to women as well as to men. This means that laws should not grant to women fewer rights than they allow to men (Jaggar 35).

In the 18th century, liberal feminism is emphasizing to the education. The magnate of the time is Mary Wollstonecraft says that both man and woman have the same quality of logical reasoning. The form of nurture is more determinate in shaping character of a person than the form of nature. If the society gives

education toward women like the way society give toward men, so the logical quality of women can be parallelized with men. Educated woman will become the main contributor toward the prosperity of society. Woman will construct her family especially her children in the more proper way than pull her appearance up (Tong 18).

In the 20th century, liberal feminism offers the alternative for women to be equal with men. Betty Freidan offers an elegant advice for women to combine between good values of masculine such as rational, wisdom, courage and good values of feminine such as affection, gentleness, patience so women can complete a personhood. In this condition, women will be improving herself to provide a good contribution for society (Tong 22).

Rosmarie Putnam Tong quotes Wendell opinion in A (Qualified) Defende of Liberal Feminism saying the general purpose of liberal feminism is to create society which is equitable and careful of the freedom for the self development so that women and men can improve themselves. But their general pursuit is

dynamic; depended on the symptom of the time (18).

Alison Jaggar states that liberal feminists believe that the treatment of women in contemporary society violates, the values of equality, liberty, and

justice. Their most frequent complaint is that women in contemporary society suffer discrimination on the basis of sex. By this, they mean that certain restrictions are placed on women as a group without regard to their individual wishes, interests, abilities, or merits (176).

Liberal feminists believe that sex descrimination is unjust because it deprives women of equal rights to pursue their own self-interest. Women as a group are not allowed to get same freedoms or opportinities as men. In a discriminatory situation, an individual woman does not receive the same consideration as individual man. Whereas man is judged on his actual interests and abilities, a women’s interests and abilities are assumed to be limited in certain ways because of her sex. Liberal feminists believe that justice requires equal opportunities and equal consideration for every individual regardless of sex. This view is obviously connected with the liberal conception of human beings as essentially rational agents. On this conception, sex is purely “accidental” or non -essential feature of human nature. The sex of individual should be considered when it is relevant to the individual’s ability to perform a specific task or to take advantage of a certain opportunity (Jaggar 177).

Liberal feminists believe that most descrimination against women is not mandated by legal system but informal custom. Informal discrimination is manifested not only in assumption that women are not suited to certain sorts of work. Within contemporary society, there are strong expectations, often shared by women themselves, that women should take primary responsibility for the work involved in raising children and in running a home. Women are also expected to

provide sexual satisfaction for their husband or their male partners. Within their labor, they are expected to provide sexual titillation if not satisfaction to men and nurturing services to men, women, and children (Jaggar 177).

Alison Jaggar also states that women’s lack of equality in public life is the major focus of liberal feminism. But liberal feminists also perceive women as oppressed in other ways. In particular, like all feminists,they believe that contemporary standards of sexuality are oppressive to women. Naturally, they formulate their critique of contemporary sexual norms in terms of their

characteristic values of equality, liberty, and justice (178).

Liberal feminsts want to eliminate sex-based descrimination in all areas of life and to guarantee women equal opportunities with men to define and pursue their own interests. They believe that the effect of present discrimination permit no firm conclusions about the natural potentials of women and men. Beseides, they assume that increased freedom of choice would issue in a sexually integrated or androgynous society where individual’s occupation, sexual choices, were largely unrelated to their sex (Jaggar 181).

Thus, from explanation above, it can be considered that liberal feminism is a women’s movement which focuses on women’s abilit y to show and maintain their equality through their own actions and choices. The important issues on liberal feminism include reproductive and abortion rights, sexual harassment, voting, education, equality of wage, affordable childcare, affordable health care, and the reduction of sexual and domestic violence against women. Liberal

feminists believe that personal „ rights’ should predominate over concerns for the social good. And women’s problem in liberal feminism are related to Daisy’s oppression in her household.

1.1.2 New Criticism

The term “New Criticism” is set by the publication of John Crowe Ransom’s The New Criticism in 1941. It comes to be applied to a theory and practice that is prominent in American literary criticism until late 1960s (Abrams 180). Some of new critics are John Crowe, David Daiches, I.A. Richards, Renne Wellek and Austin Warren, Alan Tate, T.S Eliot, and Cleant Brook.

New criticism emerges as a reaction to give refusal toward previous criticism that focuses on external material of literary works, such as biography of the author. New criticism focuses on analysis of literary text. Literary text is related to authors’s background of life sometimes. The readers in using new criticism to interpret literary work background, will give the assumption about literary text when they get emotional feeling with the text (Tyson 136-137).

In addition, New Critics believe the structure and meaning of the text were intimately connected and should not be analyzed separately. In order to bring the focus of literary studies back to analysis of the texts, they aim to exclude the reader's response, the author's intention, historical and cultural contexts, and moralistic from their analysis.It can be called as “close reading” methods (Tyson 138). In other words, New Criticism advances the author’s standing in relation to

their work by refusing to apply an outside context to the work, but looking at the work as invention that directly connects with the author’s mind.

Moreover, Abrams also explains that New Criticism opposes the interest of critics, the social context of literature, and literary history by insisting that the proper concern of literary criticism is not with the external circumtances or

historical position of a work, but with a detailed consideration of the work itself as an independent thing (180).

Tyson states that New criticism is a theory that emphasize on analysis of text meaning through its images, symbols, metaphors, rhyme, point of view, setting, characterization, plot, and so on (137). It can be assumed that New Criticism relates to the text. For New Criticism, a literary work is timeless, which means readers and readings may change, but the literary text stays same.

2.1.2.1 Character

Character is an important thing in a story. Judith in Wahyuni’s thesis entitled The Main Female Character Struggle Against Taliban Law and

Patriarchal System To Get Happiness in Kaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns states thath character is the most important thing in instrinsic elements of the story. A character is an imagined person in the story. Character is drawn as

fictional people that take action in some part (scene) of literary work . In order more interest, a character needs to be real as possible. Hence the authors create some kind of characters with different name and personalities in literary work. It has a purpose to difference one character and other character in the story (11).

Therefore, the role of character in bulding a storyline is definitely something because it is impossible in a story without a character that makes up the story.

Kennedy and Gioia explain that the characters are divided into two categories. They are flat character and round character. Flat character is simple and has one trait usually. It means this character is same from the beginning to the end of story (static). While round character is complex and has several traits. This character changes as the story progress (dynamic). Besides, for the role case, characters are also divided into two kinds; major character and minor character. Major character is vital to development and resolution of the conflict. Whereas minor character serves to complement the major character (74-75).

Maryam states that characters are divided into two; protagonist and antagonist. Protagonist is the character who is faced with a conflict that must be resolved. Meanwhile Antagonist is the character who represents the opposition against which the protagonist must contend. In other words, the antagonist is an obstacle that protagonist must overcome (11).

2.1.2.2 Characterization

Character and characterization can not be separated each other.

Characterization is a technique of an author to help the readers in understanding the behaviour, personality, attitude of the character by the characterization of the author.Basically there are two ways in characterizing the character. They are direct and indirect characterization. Direct characterization is used by the author to describe the character directly, which means it gives the description after said

the character’s name in the story. While indirect characterization is used by the author to describe through how the character looks, what the character does, what the character says, and what the character thinks (Baldick 37).

Besides, according to Holman in Riski (14), there are three fundamental methods of characterization in fiction:

 Author gives the explicit presentation of the character through direct exposition.

 Author gives the presentation of character in action and expects that the reader will be able to interpret the traits of the actors from the action.  Author gives the representation of a character without comment on the

character, the impact of actions and emotions toward the character’s inner self and expects that the reader will understand the traits of the character.

This research also analyzes the characterization of Daisy through her speaking, her action, and her thought to describe her responses towards the

oppressions. Therefore, the researcher will use New Criticism theory especially on character and characterization.

1.2 Review of Related Studies

The researcher has found some studies which are related to this study. There are some studies that also concern about significant issues in The Great Gatsby that is found by the researcher.

The first thesis entitled A Study of How Jay Gatsby obtains his idea of wealth and shifts it into a tool to gain self-esteem in his social and love life as seen in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby by Irmaya Haryuni from Petra University 2005. In her thesis, she analyzes about Gatsby’s process in obtaining the idea of materialism. She uses psychological theory namely self-esteem to analyze Gatsby’s inferiority upon his past life that leads him to lies and materialistic shows-off.

The second thesis entitled Hedonism as reflected on Daisy in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby by Martha Karlina from Gunadarma University 2013. In her study, she uses psychoanalysis to describe the personality of Daisy Fay and she also uses new criticism to describe the characteristic of hedonism reflected in Daisy’s personality.

The third thesis entitled Love and Belonginess Need Reflected in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby Novel: A Humanistic Approach by Iqbal

Muhammad from University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2015. In his study, he uses humanitic perspective. This thesis is done by establishing objective,

analyzing the novel based on its structural elements and analyzing the novel based on humanistic analysis.

The fourth, Brianna Randall discusses A “Jaunty Salute”: Jordan Baker’s role as the Modern Woman of the 1920s in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Randall focuses on Jordan Baker who presents as a modern woman. Randall reveals that Jordan Baker as a flapper at the time represents the modern woman.

Randall concludes the characteristic of modern woman is the same as Jordan’s character.

From those four previous studies, they have chosen Jay Gatsby, Daisy Fay and Jordan Baker as the object of the study with different theories. Furtheremore, the similarity between this study and those previous studies especially in the second previous study is the writer will also focus on Daisy as the object of the study yet with different theory. If in the second previous study the researcher uses pschoanalysis and new criticism then in this research the researcher will use liberal feminism and new criticism as focused theory.

CHAPTER 3

ANALYSIS

This chapter contains the analysis about Daisy Fay Buchanan and her oppressions. In the analysis process, the researcher uses liberal feminism as main theory for analyzing Daisy’s oppression in her household and new criticism for analyzing Daisy’s responses.

Therefore in this chapter, the researcher will discuss about the answers of research questions. Since there are two statements of problem for this study, then in this chapter will be divided into two parts. In the first part, the researcher will reveal about oppressions that are experienced by Daisy in her household. And in the last part, the researcher will describe Daisy’s responses toward her

oppresssions.

3.1 Daisy’s oppressions

Oppression is an act from someone to to press upon people and hold them down, besides prevent them and block their pursuits of a good life (Johnson 39). In this case, Daisy Fay Buchanan gets some oppresions from Tom Buchanan right after she got married with Tom.

Daisy thinks that probably she will get such a happy family with her husband, Tom and their children after her marriage but instead she feels oppressed in her marriage life actually. From that marriage, Daisy and Tom have a daughter

names Pammy. Tom Buchanan is typically arrogant, ambitious, and powerful man. Tom Buchanan as Daisy’s husband has given unfair treats to Daisy. Tom also takes control over Daisy’s whole life right after he got married her. Tom does not give freedom for Daisy in which Tom always limits Daisy’s activities as wife/mother inside house as well outside house. Not only that, Daisy also knows about love affair between her husband and woman else. From those treat that is given by Tom toward Daisy, it causes some oppresions in Daisy’s personal life. Thus, in this part, the writer will reveal about Daisy’s oppressions in her household.

3.1.1 Tom has love affair with women behind Daisy

In this story, Daisy comes from rich family in Louisville. One day after she has broken up her relationship with a soldier names Gatsby, her parents is setting up her into engagement with a man from New Orleans names Tom Buchanan. Tom gives the string of pearls as the brightness of engagement. At the first place, Daisy is getting pressure and hesitate for that engagement but at the end she can not do anything but accept Tom’s proposal.

Three months after their engagement, they are holding of wedding

ceremony in Chicago. Right after wedding ceremony, they went to Santa Barbara

for having honeymoon. In spite from Daisy’s feeling, they are trying to act like

newly married couple commonly and enjoy each of the moment.

She used to sit on the sand with his head in her lap by the hour rubbing her fingers over his eyes and looking at him with unfathomable delight. (83)

From that quotation, it implies that since there is marriage law that allows a husband for having a kind of sexual relationship, then Daisy can not avoid from that thing. Besides, she also realizes that sexual relationship is something that legitimated in marriage life.

In the first period of her marriage, Daisy thinks that probably Tom is a good man for her but instead she finds the fact that Tom has cheated on her by having other woman behind her after their honeymoon. It can be proved by Jordan’s statement below

A week after I left Santa Barbara Tom ran into a wagon on the Ventura road one night and ripped a front wheel off his car. The girl who was with him got into the papers too because her arm was broken—she was one of the chambermaids in the Santa Barbara Hotel. (83)

From the statement above. It can be implied that as long as their marriage life is going on, Tom is often cheating on Daisy in which he often sees his mistress and spends time together with her mistress behind Daisy. In this case, Tom does not have love affair with one woman only but more than one and Daisy knows it all.

Nick Carraway comes to visit his cousin, Daisy in East Egg. Daisy is so happy to hear that Nick is coming to visit her since they have not seen each other for a few years. Daisy even invites Nick to have a dinner together with her, Tom, and Jordan. The evidence that related to Tom’s love affair can be seen when Daisy recognizes that one of Tom’s mistress darely to call Tom by the phone in their

house. The issue about Tom’s affair is also spoken out out by Jordan Baker ‘Tom’s got some woman in New York’ (18).

The butler came back and murmured something close to Tom’s ear whereupon Tom frowned, pushed back his chair and without a word went inside. As if his absence quickened something within her Daisy leaned forward again, her voice glowing and singing.

‘I love to see you at my table, Nick. You remind me of a— of a

rose, an absolute rose. Doesn’t he?’ She turned to Miss Baker for confirmation. ‘An absolute rose?’

This was untrue. I am not even faintly like a rose. She was only extemporizing but a stirring warmth flowed from her as if her heart was trying to come out to you concealed in one of those breathless, thrilling words. Then suddenly she threw her napkin on the table and excused herself and went into the house. (17)

From the quotation above, it implies that Tom excuses himself to hang on the phone from his mistress but Daisy has known about Tom’s affair. She is still trying to hide her wounds from anyone else especially to Nick by changing the topic of conversation but still Jordan and Nick can see the sorrowful of Daisy’s life even though Daisy keep trying to act as if nothing happened.

Nonetheless, in doing love affair, Tom tends to ignore about Daisy’s feeling even though he has known that Daisy realizes of his affair. Instead he even asks Nick to come along with him to meet his mistress, Myrtle Wilson.

Moreover, Tom also invites Nick to have a kind of sex party in New York with

Myrtle and the fellows. Tom’s love affair can be seen clearly when they arrive in

a apartment, they have drink together until they are getting drunk. Tom and Myrtle Wilson are having fun and enjoying the moment together. When Nick comes back to living room, he sees no one and speculates that Tom and Myrtle have their ‘own world’ in the private room.

Sitting on Tom’s lap Mrs. Wilson called up several people on the telephone; then there were no cigarettes and I went out to buy some at the drug store on the corner. When I came back they had

disappeared so I sat down discreetly in the living room and read a chapter of ‘Simon Called Peter’ (33)

From the evidences on paragraphs above, it implies that basically Tom sees a woman as his object only which is he looks at the woman as the facility to seek his pleasure especially in sexual desire. He marries Daisy not for the love or sincerity, but there is an intention behind it. From their honeymoon, Tom has taken over Daisy’s sexuality automatically but it does not stop him for having love affair with other woman behind Daisy. Daisy who believes that Tom is the right man for her at first, instantly changes her perspective about Tom right after she found out the facts about Tom’s affair. Daisy can not hold for the situation that she faces actually but she can not do anything regarding that Tom has a power to control her life as a husband.

3.1.2 Tom does not care over Daisy’s reproduction

In marriage life, Daisy must accept the fact that Tom as her husband has taken over her virginity. Not a long after their honeymoon, Daisy found her self that she has been pregnant. Yet unfortunately in this case, Daisy does not feel the happiness same as women who bear the child accompanied by their husband who is always be beside them commonly.

As long as Daisy is bearing their children, Tom does not give full concern over Daisy and his children soon to be. He often leaves Daisy at home, let Daisy being alone meanwhile he just goes somewhere without giving any reason

clearly. Despite of Tom treats Daisy arbitrarily, Daisy still carries on the baby until her due date. Tom does not really care about Daisy’s reproduction can be proved when Daisy is delivering her first children by her self alone without Tom accompanies her. Even Tom demands the nurse to give a kind of anesthetic over

Daisy’s body so that she becomes unconscious.

‘It’ll show you how I’ve gotten to feel about—things.

Well, she was less than an hour old and Tom was God knows where. I woke up out of the ether with an utterly abandoned feeling and asked the nurse right away if it was a boy or a girl. She told me it was a girl, and so I turned my head away and wept. ‘All right,’ I said, ‘I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool—that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.’ (20)

From all of those evidences, it shows that how Tom treats Daisy abitrarily and tends to ignore about Daisy’s feeling by leaving her alone. Furthermore, the pressure that Daisy gets also adds when she realizes about the sex of her children which is a girl. Daisy feels a bit unsatisfied to hear the fact that she has a

daughter but she pretends to be glad. Daisy loves her daughter but she also speculates that becomes a woman or girl as if is something pity. In this case, as if Daisy sees the reflection of her own self toward her daughter. She considers that in the future, her daughter will end up just like her and also from Daisy’s statement above, it implies that she recognizes of some obstacle, and a sense of surrender. Daisy seems to consider that she and her daughter have been the victim of the world which means women are always be under position of men so they can be fooled, controled, even objected by men.

3.1.3 Tom limits Daisy for taking a mother role

The pressure that Daisy gets from Tom does not stop by giving birth only but also becoming a mother for her daughter. In this story, Daisy who has been a mother can not take her role as a mother for her daughter completely. She can not feel the delight as a mother such as another mothers who always take care of their children’s growth day by day commonly. Tom who has taken control all over Daisy’s life is hiding their daughter and Daisy identity as a mother from their relatives

The evidence that shows Tom limits Daisy for being a mother is when Nick comes to visit Daisy in her house, Nick is telling Daisy about her friends in Chicago and then Daisy actually want to show her daughter’s look and introduce more about her daughter over Nick yet Tom interrupt their conversation and forbid them.

‘Howgorgeous! Let’s go back, Tom. Tomorrow!’ Then she added

irrelevantly, ‘You ought to see the baby.’ ‘I’d like to.’

‘She’s asleep. She’s two years old. Haven’t you ever seen her?’ ‘Never.’

‘Well, you ought to see her. She’s——'

Tom Buchanan who had been hovering restlessly about the room stopped and rested his hand on my shoulder. (12)

From that conversation, it implies that Daisy actually want to introduce her daughter to Nick, regarding that Nick is her family. But when Tom realizes of Daisy’s intention, then he is trying to forbid them. Because of Tom’s authority over Daisy that never show up their daughter in public, it gives impact about Daisy identitiy in their society. Some of their relatives does not know the truth

that Daisy has had a daughter. They think that a children has never been exist in Tom and Daisy’s marriage life. As a mother, Daisy should be free to show up her daughter in public yet in her case, she can not do a kind of that things since she realizes that she is in under control of her husband.

3.1.4 Tom limits Daisy from society

Before she got married with Tom, Daisy loved to hang out with some friends, make a friends with new people and socialize with many people. But after she has married already, Daisy can not feel the freedom like she used to be. It is including the way she socializes.

Almost in everyday, Daisy just spends her time in the house with her one of best friend, Jordan Baker. Daisy and Jordan has been friends since Daisy has not met Tom. Daisy can only go outside if she has Tom’s permission or even go outside with Tom. It can be seen when Gatsby is holding a party and inviting Tom and Daisy. Tom was evidently perturbed at Daisy’s running around alone, for on the following Saturday night he came with her to Gatsby’s party. Perhaps his presence gave the evening its peculiar quality of oppressiveness (111). In her case, once Daisy goes outside with Tom, but still Tom’s eyes can not stop for watching over Daisy so she does not feel pleasant at all.

‘Look around,’ suggested Gatsby.

‘I’m looking around. I’m having a marvelous——‘

‘You must see the faces of many people you’ve heard about.’ Tom’s arrogant eyes roamed the crowd.

‘We don’t go around very much,’ he said. ‘In fact I was just thinking I don’t know a soul here.’ (112)

From those quotations above, it implies that Daisy loves a kind of party actually. That is the place where she can meet some of new people and socialize with them. Yet it is different with somewhat which Daisy gets through. Gatsby want to introduce Daisy to some famous people but Daisy does not enjoy the party since Tom keeps glancing at her all times and forbid Daisy to acquaint with a new one. So it can be depicted that Tom is trying to limit Daisy from society.

From Daisy’s oppressions that are revealed above, after Tom married

Daisy, he often acts arbitrarily over Daisy. Tom has taken control over Daisy’s sexuality just for his pleasure aside that Tom is also having sexuality with some other women behind her. Furthermore, Tom also has taken control over Daisy’s reproduction by demanding nurse to make Daisy is unconscious when she is delivering her baby. Not only that, Tom also limits Daisy for becoming a mother to their own daughter. And also Tom limits Daisy from society. Therefore, it can be said that after she got married with Tom Buchanan, Daisy does not feel the freedom and does not get the equal rights as a woman and wife.

3.2 Daisy’s responses toward her oppression

Daisy is the representation of woman who believes that she gets unequal rights from her husband. Daisy is the depiction of victim from Tom’s dishonesity and authority. Tom treats Daisy like he just utilize her only as his wife. Daisy keeps silent in her way about oppressions that she gets. She is trying to hide it and she does not tell anyone about her problem. But the situation changes when Daisy has met back with Gatsby which is Daisy starting to express her response over her

oppression. Thus, in this part, the writer will reveal about Daisy’s response toward her oppression.

3.2.1 Daisy becomes a brave woman

A brave person can be related to someone who bravely acts for anything without regarding the risk or impact from their action. The depiction of brave person is described when Daisy expresses her response toward her oppression. As long as Daisy experiences the oppressions from Tom, she tends to just accept all Tom’s negative treats toward her. But when Daisy sees back with Gatsby who has transformed him self becomes rich man, there is a kind of something that makes Daisy becomes brave to respond her oppressions.

One night Gatsby who is also known as Jay Gatsby is organizing a rousing party in his luxury house. It is not Gatsby’s first party since according to people around his house who say that he often holds a party in all night. Gatsby is pleasing everybody who come to his party including Nick whom is also Gatsby’s neighbour. Nick comes to Gatsby’s party alone but there he meets Jordan Baker accidentally. Almost all of people in the party do not know about who Gatsby is and how Gatsby looks. That thing makes Nick is more curious until he bumps a man who introduces himself as Gatsby. ‘I’m Gatsby,’ he said suddenly. (52)

Nick is startled and he still does not believe that he just bumped to Gatsby, a man who steals his curiousity. When Gatsby excuses himself, Nick keep asking more about Gatsby toward Jordan until one of Gatsby’s butler comes over Jordan and says that Gatsby want to see Jordan in private way. ‘Gatsby’s butler was

suddenly standing beside us. ‘Miss Baker?’ he inquired. ‘I beg your pardon but Mr. Gatsby would like to speak to you alone’ (55).

Gatsby is asking Nick to ride around the city with him by his car. Along their way, Gatsby is telling his background of life over Nick. Nick is actually thinking that there is something between Gatsby and Jordan and he is also curious about the issue that is talked between Gatsby and Jordan in other day. Gatsby understands of Nick’s curiosity so Gatsby informs Nick that Jordan will tell him everything as soon.

Jordan is telling everything about Gatsby toward Nick. And there he finally finds the fact that Gatsby is Daisy’s past lover. Through Jordan either, Gatsby also asks Nick to set up his appoinment with Daisy in Nick’s house. ‘He wants to know—‘ continued Jordan ‘—if you’ll invite Daisy to your house some afternoon and then let him come over.’ (85)

Nick is calling Daisy by the phone and asking if she can go to his house to have a tea time together. Daisy says that she can go to Nick’s house. Gatsby is getting nervous so he demands his butlers to clean up Nick’s house. Gatsby just want to impress Daisy by his perfection that he has had now. The first evidence that shows Daisy’s bravery is when Daisy finally can share her bitter story to Gatsby in Nick’s house.

They were sitting at either end of the couch looking at each other as if some question had been asked or was in the air, and every vestige of embarrassment was gone. Daisy’s face was smeared with tears and when I came in she jumped up and began wiping at it with her handkerchief before a mirror. But there was a change in Gatsby that was simply confounding. He literally glowed; without a word or a gesture of exultation a new well-being radiated from him and filled the little room. (95)

From quotation above, it shows that since Daisy and Gatsby has not seen each other for a long time so there must be many stories that is left behind between them surely. Besides even though they are surrounded by awkward moment, it seems like Daisy has shared bravely her wounded stories toward someone else especially to Gatsby until she drops her tears. And for Gatsby, it seems like he knows the matter that makes Daisy sad.

After their short reunion, Gatsby then asks Daisy and Nick to look around inside his house. Daisy feels delight about Gatsby’s big time. She likes everything inside Gatsby’s house. She expresess her happines by dancing and singing. It is such a pleasure for Gatsby even Nick to see Daisy’s cheerful. The next evidence that implies Daisy’s courage is when Daisy is dancing with Gatsby, Nick sees Daisy is whispering something on Gatsby’s ear.

As I watched him he adjusted himself a little, visibly. His hand took hold of hers and as she said something low in his ear he turned toward her with a rush of emotion. I think that voice held him most with its fluctuating, feverish warmth because it couldn’t be over-dreamed—that voice was a deathless song.

They had forgotten me, but Daisy glanced up and held out her

hand; Gatsby didn’t know me now at all. I looked once more at

them and they looked back at me, remotely, possessed by intense life. Then I went out of the room and down the marble steps into the rain, leaving them there together. (103)

From that evidences, Daisy is whispering Gatsby then she gives implicit glance over Nick as if she want to more spend times with Gatsby and also want to something intimate between them both. Since they have missed each other, Daisy

is trying to gain her courage for having something intimate. This thing is done by Daisy because of she has known the fact that Tom as her husband only took her sexual relationship just for his pleasure without a sencerity or love so instead she bravely asks Gatsby for having more intimate time together with the same emotion and feeling.

The depiction of Daisy’s courage does not stop only on that day. On the next days, when Nick is coming to Gatsby’s house, He does not see Gatsby in his house. His house looks quiet only Gatsby’s butlers are seen. Nick is also trying to reach Gatsby by the phone but still there is no answer. Until one day Gatsby calls Nick and tells that Daisy is often coming to his house.

Next day Gatsby called me on the phone. ‘Going away?’ I inquired.

‘No, old sport.’

‘I hear you fired all your servants.’

‘I wanted somebody who wouldn’t gossip. Daisy comes over quite often—in the afternoons.’ (121)

The conversation between Nick and Gatsby above, it reveals of Daisy’s courage by how often she comes to Gatsby’s house and meets him secretly

without Tom’s acknowledge. It also implies that Daisy is trying to get a freedom

even though for a while and she does not care about Tom’s authority anymore. Gatsby and Nick meets accidentally with Tom. Tom never met Gatsby

before but he is little bit curious about Gatsby’s identity and his wealth comes

from. Therefore, Tom plans to do investigation about Gatsby’s life secretly. On the next day, since Gatsby and Tom have met each other, Daisy invites Gatsby to have a lunch in her house along with Nick and it is a part of her bravery because

she never invited someone else to her house before. As they arrive at Daisy’s house, Daisy and Jordan are sitting on the couch meanwhile Tom is hanging on the phone from his mistress. After Tom called off the phone, he is trying to be nice for welcoming Gatsby in his house. Another depiction of Daisy’s bravery is when Tom excuses himself for a while then Daisy suddenly goes over Gatsby and kisses him.

Tom flung open the door, blocked out its space for a moment with his thick body, and hurried into the room.

‘Mr. Gatsby!’ He put out his broad, flat hand with wellconcealed dislike. ‘I’m glad to see you, sir…. Nick….’

‘Make us a cold drink,’ cried Daisy.

As he left the room again she got up and went over to Gatsby and pulled his face down kissing him on the mouth.

‘You know I love you,’ she murmured. (123)

From the quotation above, it implies that Daisy bravely invites Gatsby to her house. Besides, she also can not hold her feeling toward Gatsby anymore so when Tom leaves the room, she encourages her own self and does not hesitate to show her true feeling by kissing Gatsby and confessing that she loves him without regarding the circumtance and the place.

Furthermore, before they have a lunch together and Tom is not coming back to the room yet, a nurse with a litle girl whom is Daisy and Tom’s daughter comes into the room. Daisy’s bravery can be depicted when she takes a chance to show her daughter for the first time especially toward Gatsby and Nick.

A freshly laundered nurse leading a little girl came into the room.

‘Bles-sed pre-cious,’ she crooned, holding out her arms.

‘Come to your own mother that loves you.’

The child, relinquished by the nurse, rushed across the room and rooted shyly into her mother’s dress.

‘The Bles-sed pre-cious! Did mother get powder on your

‘I got dressed before luncheon,’ said the child, turning eagerly to Daisy.

‘That’s because your mother wanted to show you off.’ Her face bent into the single wrinkle of the small white neck.

‘You dream, you. You absolute little dream.’

‘Yes,’ admitted the child calmly. ‘Aunt Jordan’s got on a white dress too.’

‘How do you like mother’s friends?’

Daisy turned her around so that she faced Gatsby. (124)

As long as Daisy becomes a mother, she has never shown and introduced her own biological daughter to anyone else. Besides she also can not take concern directly in the growth of her daughter day by day because of Tom’s ban. So from the coversation between Daisy and her daughter above, it shows Daisy’s bravery for introducing her daughter for the first time. In spite from the risk that she will get if Tom knows her action, Daisy seems to think that she needs to introduce her daughter to someone else at least for once in her life especially to Gatsby and she does not want to miss the chance.

From all of the paragraphs above, it is the sequences of moments about Daisy’s responses by showing her bravery for all oppressions that she gets. She is just doing whatever that can not be done before. It also implies that Daisy is also trying to ignore about Tom’s authority and she tends to ignore about the risks of the matters since she has known that Gatsby who has a power as same as Tom can protect her from any Tom’s traits.

3.2.2 Daisy becomes a stubborn woman

A stubborn person can be related to someone who rejects something even talks back at someone else in their own way. The depiction of stubborn person is

also described when Daisy shows her response toward the oppressions from Tom. As long as Daisy experiences the oppressions, she tends to do everything based on what Tom said to her. But in responding her oppressions, Daisy has been no longer submissive toward Tom’s words.

Right after Daisy, Jordan, Gatsby, Nick, and Tom just finished their lunch in Buchanan’s house, suddenly Daisy asks everyone about the thing that they will do next. Since there is no comment from Jordan, Gatsby, Nick and Tom, then Daisy suggests to go to town.When Daisy’s eyes meets Gatsby, they stare together each other. From there, Tom realizes something intimate between Daisy and Gatsby. It makes him a little bit annoyed and breaks their stare. ‘All right,’ broke in Tom quickly, ‘I’m perfectly willing to go to town. Come on—we’re all going to town.’ (127)

When Daisy has changed her clothes and they are ready to go, Gatsby offers if they are going to go by his car. Tom hesitates of the standarization of Gatsby’s car and asks Gatsby with irritated question. But at the end, Tom agrees to take Gatsby’s car while Gatsby takes Tom’s coupe. The evidence that shows Daisy becomes stubborn can be seen when Tom asks Daisy to jump into the car, suddenly she refuses it. Instead she jumps into another car with Gatsby.

‘Shall we all go in my car?’ suggested Gatsby. He felt the hot,

green leather of the seat. ‘I ought to have left it in then shade.’

‘Is it standard shift?’ demanded Tom. ‘Yes.’

‘Well, you take my coupé and let me drive your car to town.’ ‘Come on, Daisy,’ said Tom, pressing her with his hand toward Gatsby’s car. ‘I’ll take you in this circus wagon.’

He opened the door but she moved out from the circle of his arm. ‘You take Nick and Jordan. We’ll follow you in the coupé.’

She walked close to Gatsby, touching his coat with her hand. (129) From the quotation above, it implies about Daisy’s rebellion. When Tom presses her back to get in the car, she rejects it by moving Tom’s arm around and she is also demanding Tom to take Nick and Jordan instead. Meanwhile Daisy initiates to jump into tho coupe with Gatsby.

Seeing that thing, Tom becomes more irritate toward Daisy and Gatsby. He even tells Nick and Jordan that he will find the secret between Daisy and Gatsby. As long as their way to town, Tom stops the car in Wilson’s garage for a while. Wilson tells Tom that he and his wife, Myrtle who is also Tom’s mistress are going to move to west. Tom is startled about the news. Seems like there is a glimpse of mind that changes his mind so he does not concern about his mistress anymore and he want to get back Daisy from Gatsby. ‘Instinct made him step on the accelerator with the double purpose of overtaking Daisy.’ (133)

Tom with Jordan and Nick continue their way to the next place. Then the

coupe that is driven by Gatsby stops them. Daisy’s rebelion can be proved when

Daisy is asking Tom where they should go. Tom suggest to go watch the movie. Yet Daisy complains his suggestion directly and instead asks Gatsby to ride around with her.

The coupé came to a stop and Daisy signalled us to draw up alongside.

‘Where are we going?’ she cried. ‘How about the movies?’

‘It’s so hot,’ she complained. ‘You go. We’ll ride around and meet you after.’ With an effort her wit rose faintly, ‘We’ll meet you on

The quotation above implies Daisy who becomes stubborn by rejecting for Tom’s suggestion directly and also she tends to talk back for everything that burst out from Tom’s mouth. Tom offers the idea of watching movies, yet instead Daisy demands Tom to go first while she goes around with Gatsby only.

The rebelion of Daisy is also depicted when Daisy, Gatsby, Tom, Jordan and Nick arrive in a room at Plaza Hotel. There, Tom initiates to confront Daisy and Gatsby impatiently. Tom is trying to know information about the background

of Gatsby’s wealth. Before Gatsby can explain to Tom, Daisy suddenly talks back

to Tom.

‘That’s a great expression of yours, isn’t it?’ said Tom sharply. ‘What is?’

‘All this ‘old sport’ business. Where’d you pick that up?’

‘Now see here, Tom,’ said Daisy, turning around from the mirror,

‘if you’re going to make personal remarks I won’t stay here a minute. Call up and order some ice for the mint julep.’ (135) The conversation above shows how Tom is darely asking about Gatsby’s business. Daisy who hears the convesation between Tom and Gatsby feels annoyed so she is trying to object the conversation and change the topic.

Although the conversation between Tom and Gatsby has been cut off by Daisy, it does not stop him to ask more questions about Gatsby. Tom then is asking Gatsby if he ever went to school in Oxford University. Gatsby then tells about his education over Tom in detail. But another Daisy becomes stubborn can be seen when Daisy interrupt their coversation again.

‘By the way, Mr. Gatsby, I understand you’re an Oxford man.’ ‘Not exactly.’

‘Oh, yes, I understand you went to Oxford.’ ‘Yes—I went there.’

‘I told you I went there,’ said Gatsby. ‘I heard you, but I’d like to know when.’

‘It was in nineteen-nineteen, I only stayed five months. That’s why

I can’t really callmyself an Oxford man.’

‘Open the whiskey, Tom,’ she ordered. ‘And I’ll make you a mint julep. Then you won’t seem so stupid to yourself….

Look at the mint!’ (137-138)

From the conversation above, it implies that Tom keep trying to

interrogate of Gatsby’s life. Daisy does not want Tom for knowing more about

Gatsby so she tries to keep talk back over Tom so that he stops for asking about Gatsby’s personal life anymore.

The sequence of paragraphs above describes about Daisy’s responses by showing her stubborn toward Tom. From the way she rejects Tom’s intention and she talks back over each of Tom’s words, it is kind of her response for all unfair treatments that is given by Tom toward her for long times. Therefore, it can be said that Daisy becomes stubborn woman since she has been no longer submissive toward Tom’s word.

3.2.3 Daisy becomes a inconsistent woman

Someone who becomes consistent to inconsistent can be related to the one who is faced by complicated situation or choice. That kind of situation is faced by Daisy when she is trying to respond of her oppression. As long as she gets some oppressions from Tom in her life, Daisy believes that she does not love Tom anymore even she never loved him. Daisy also want to leave Tom at the first place, but her consistency is unsteady when Tom admits his mistakes and reveals Gatsby’s criminal record to her.

In the Plaza hotel, after Tom asked about Gatsby’s background of life and education, he starts to confronts Daisy and Gatsby about their relationship. Gatsby finally speaks out about the truth toward Tom even though Daisy prevents him. Gatsby tells Tom that Daisy had never loved Tom. Gatsby also tells that Daisy married Tom because at that time he was just poor and Daisy was tired of wating for Gatsby. ‘She only married you because I was poor and she was tired of waiting for me. It was a terrible mistake, but in her heart she never loved any one except me!’ (139).

Right at that time, Tom is frozen but he is trying to be calm. He does not believe about Gatsby’s words until he hears the fact from Daisy’s words. Tom still insists that Daisy loves him when they got married. Gatsby who can not stand anymore also object every Tom’s words. Since Gatsby can not stop for objecting Tom’s words, Tom implicitly confesses about his mistake and his feeling toward

Daisy. ‘I love Daisy too. Once in a while I go off on a spree and make a fool of

myself, but I always come back, and in my heart I love her all the time.’ (140). Daisy does not believe him and instead says the harsh lines to Tom ‘You’re revolting,’ said Daisy. (140).

The depiction of Daisy’s consistency can be seen when Gatsby walks over

and stands beside Daisy and he also reassures Daisy to say that she never loved Tom.

Gatsby walked over and stood beside her.

‘Daisy, that’s all over now,’ he said earnestly. ‘It doesn’t matter any more. Just tell him the truth—that you never loved him—and it’s all wiped out forever.’

She looked at him blindly. ‘Why,—how could I love him—

‘You never loved him.’

‘I never loved him,’ she said, with perceptible reluctance. (141) According to evidence above, it shows how Daisy feels anger if she reminds about all of Tom’s treatment toward her and she still assures her ownself that she never loved Tom.

But when Tom is trying to remind Daisy about the sweet memories that they ever had once, people in there including Nick and jordan can see Daisy’s inconsistency. It can be seen when Daisy just said that she never loved Tom but she also confessed that she ever loved Tom once in her life time but she also loves Gatsby.

‘Not at Kapiolani?’ demanded Tom suddenly. ‘No.’

‘Not that day I carried you down from the Punch Bowl to keep

your shoes dry?’ There was a husky tenderness in his tone. ‘… Daisy?’

‘Please don’t.’ Her voice was cold, but the rancour was gone from

it. She looked at Gatsby. ‘There, Jay,’ she said— but her hand as

she tried to light a cigarette was trembling. Suddenly she threw the cigarette and the burning match on the carpet.

‘Oh, you want too much!’ she cried to Gatsby. ‘I love you now— isn’t that enough? I can’t help what’s past.’ She began to sob

helplessly. ‘I did love him once—but I loved you too. (141-142)

From the evidences above, it implies about Daisy becomes consistent to inconsistent woman. It is proved when she says that that she never loved Tom at first but later after Tom reminds Daisy of the sweet memories between them, as if there is in doubt in her heart so she decides to say that she loves Tom and Gatsby instead.

Furthermore, Daisy’s inconsistency is also can be seen when Gatsby is informing Tom that Daisy will leave him and Daisy agrees it. Yet when Tom

reveals about Gatsby’s secret of crime, Daisy hesitates for her decision. At the end of the day, as they come back to East egg Daisy chooses over Tom than Gatsby instead and leaves Gatsby behind.

Daisy and Tom were sitting opposite each other at the kitchen table with a plate of cold fried chicken between them and two bottles of ale. He was talking intently across the table at her and in his

earnestness his hand had fallen upon and covered her own. Once in a while she looked up at him and nodded in agreement. (155)

Based on the quotation above, it implies that Tom is trying to clear out the issue between them both and he also apologizes for his all of mistakes to Daisy. Daisy is confuse for the facts that she faces especially related to Gatsby’s criminal record case. When she knows about the truth, she considers that Gatsby also lies on her so she changes her mind and choose to stay with Tom, her husband and starts a new life with him and their daughter.

All of the paragraphs above, it describes of the moments from the way Daisy confesses of her feeling toward two different men and the ways she takes decision to choose over Tom or Gatsby, it is kind of the situation where she feels uncertain so she can say something now but later she says another thing again. Thus, it can be argued that Daisy becomes consistent to inconsistent woman.

From all of Daisy’s responses that is described above, it can be said that Daisy has an intention to make her own self get free from her oppression or to make her oppression is little bit decrease. Furthermore, by showing her responses, Daisy also want to make Tom realizes about his mistakes and stops the oppression that is given by him toward Daisy for long times.

CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION

This chapter concludes the discussion in the previous chapters. The researcher will give the conclusion in this study that was written from the beginning until ending. The researcher chooses a novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott. Fitzgerald as the subject of the study entitled Daisy’s Oppression in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Even though Daisy is not the main character in this novel but her existence is important enough in the story.

The researcher concludes that there are some oppressions that happened in Daisy’s life as minor character. Daisy experiences oppressions after she got married with Tom Buchanan. Tom always dominates all ways to control Daisy. He tends to act arbitrarily toward Daisy and ignore about Daisy’s feeling.

Oppressions that Daisy gets in her household such as Tom has love affair behind Daisy, Tom does not care over Daisy’s reproduction, Tom limits Daisy as a mother, and Tom also limits Daisy from society. From those oppressions which are experienced by Daisy, it is related to liberal feminism that focuses on woman’s sexuality, woman’s reproduction, and woman’s mobility are under control by man.

The researcher concludes that Daisy starts to respond her oppressions after she meets again with Gatsby, her past lover who has become a rich man and still in love with Daisy. In her responses toward her oppressions, Daisy starts to show her bravery such as by having love affair with Gatsby. If in her oppressions Daisy always do something based on what Tom said to her, then she does not do a kind

of that thing anymore. Daisy becomes stubborn by refusing and talking back to every Tom’s words. But in the middle of her responses toward oppressions, Daisy becomes inconsistent when Tom realizes his all mistake, confesses his true love feeling and apologizes to Daisy. Besides, Tom also reveals about Gatsby’s criminal case toward Daisy. Daisy feels confuse about her situation which is she considers that Gatsby has also lie on her. So at the end of the story, Daisy chooses to stay with Tom and start with a new life with her husband and daughter.

From the paragraphs above, it can be said that as a woman and human being, Daisy want to get fair or equal treatment from people around her especially from her own husband. Besides, she also want to get a happy family as she want. By showing her responses toward bad’s treatment from her husband, Daisy just want to make Tom realizes about his mistake and stop the oppressions that she gets from Tom.

WORK CITED

Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms: Seventh Edition. New York: Cornell University, 1999.

Baldick, Chris. The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 2001.

Bennett, A, and Royle, N. An Introduction to Literature Criticism and Theory. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2004.

Cuddon , J.A . Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory. Published by Penguin Book Group. 1999.

Fitzgerald, F.Scott. The Great Gatsby. Published in Australia. 2008.

Haryuni, I, A Study of How Jay Gatsby obtains his idea of wealth and shifts it into a tool to gain self-esteem in his social and love life as seen in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Surabaya: Petra University, 2005.

Hinson, S and Bradley, A. A Structural Analysis of Oppression. Grassroots Policy Project, pp: 1-5. 2006

Hussain, Rashid. Growing Indian Literature in English. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention. Vol.3, pp: 29-30. 2014.

Jaggar, Alison. M. Feminist Politics and Human Nature. New Jersey: The Harvest Press. 1983.

Johnson, A.G. Previlege, Power, and Difference. California: Mayfield Publishing Company. 2001.

Karlina, Martha. Hedonism as reflected on Daisy in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Jakarta: Gunadarma University. 2013.

Kennedy, X.J, and Gioia, D. Literature: An Intruduction to Fiction, Poetry,

Drama, and Writing: Fifth Edition. New York: Longman Publishers. 2007. Kothari, C.R. Research Methodology Method and Technique; Second Edition.

New Delhi: New Age International Publisher, 2004.

Maryam, Siti. An Analysis of Intrinsic Elements In Jodi Picoult’s My Sister’s Keeper. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2016. Muhammad, Iqbal. Love and Belonginess Need Reflected in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s

The Great Gatsby Novel: A Humanistic Approach. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University. 2015.

Person, Jr, Leland S. “Herstory” and Daisy Buchanan. Duke university Press journal. Vol.5, pp: 250-257, 1978.

Randal, Brianna. A “Jaunty Salute” : Jordan Baker’s Role as The Modern Woman of the 1920s in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gastby, 2008. Riski, Wahyu. Analysis of Main Character Depicted In Leo Tolstoy’s God Sees

The Truth, But Waits. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2017.

Tong, Rosemarie, Feminist Thought: Third Edition. Published by Westview Press. 2009.

Wahyuni, Eka. The Main Female Character Struggle Against Taliban Law and Patriarchal System To Get Happiness in Kaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2016.

Wormer, V. Katherine. Concepts for Contemporary Social Work: Globalization, Oppression, Social Exclusion, Human Rigths, Etc. Social Work &Society. Vol. 3, pp: 1-10, 2005.

Zacharias, Nugrahenny. T. A Qualitative Research Methods for Second Language Education: A Coursebook, London: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.

Web:

reveals about Gatsby’s secret of crime, Daisy hesitates for her decision. At the end of the day, as they come back to East egg Daisy chooses over Tom than Gatsby instead and leaves Gatsby behind.

Daisy and Tom were sitting opposite each other at the kitchen table with a plate of cold fried chicken between them and two bottles of ale. He was talking intently across the table at her and in his

earnestness his hand had fallen upon and covered her own. Once in a while she looked up at him and nodded in agreement. (155)

Based on the quotation above, it implies that Tom is trying to clear out the issue between them both and he also apologizes for his all of mistakes to Daisy. Daisy is confuse for the facts that she faces especially related to Gatsby’s criminal record case. When she knows about the truth, she considers that Gatsby also lies on her so she changes her mind and choose to stay with Tom, her husband and starts a new life with him and their daughter.

All of the paragraphs above, it describes of the moments from the way Daisy confesses of her feeling toward two different men and the ways she takes decision to choose over Tom or Gatsby, it is kind of the situation where she feels uncertain so she can say something now but later she says another thing again. Thus, it can be argued that Daisy becomes consistent to inconsistent woman.

From all of Daisy’s responses that is described above, it can be said that Daisy has an intention to make her own self get free from her oppression or to make her oppression is little bit decrease. Furthermore, by showing her responses, Daisy also want to make Tom realizes about his mistakes and stops the oppression that is given by him toward Daisy for long times.

CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION

This chapter concludes the discussion in the previous chapters. The researcher will give the conclusion in this study that was written from the beginning until ending. The researcher chooses a novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott. Fitzgerald as the subject of the study entitled Daisy’s Oppression in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Even though Daisy is not the main character in this novel but her existence is important enough in the story.

The researcher concludes that there are some oppressions that happened in Daisy’s life as minor character. Daisy experiences oppressions after she got married with Tom Buchanan. Tom always dominates all ways to control Daisy. He tends to act arbitrarily toward Daisy and ignore about Daisy’s feeling.

Oppressions that Daisy gets in her household such as Tom has love affair behind Daisy, Tom does not care over Daisy’s reproduction, Tom limits Daisy as a mother, and Tom also limits Daisy from society. From those oppressions which are experienced by Daisy, it is related to liberal feminism that focuses on woman’s sexuality, woman’s reproduction, and woman’s mobility are under control by man.

The researcher concludes that Daisy starts to respond her oppressions after she meets again with Gatsby, her past lover who has become a rich man and still in love with Daisy. In her responses toward her oppressions, Daisy starts to show her bravery such as by having love affair with Gatsby. If in her oppressions Daisy

of that thing anymore. Daisy becomes stubborn by refusing and talking back to every Tom’s words. But in the middle of her responses toward oppressions, Daisy becomes inconsistent when Tom realizes his all mistake, confesses his true love feeling and apologizes to Daisy. Besides, Tom also reveals about Gatsby’s criminal case toward Daisy. Daisy feels confuse about her situation which is she considers that Gatsby has also lie on her. So at the end of the story, Daisy chooses to stay with Tom and start with a new life with her husband and daughter.

From the paragraphs above, it can be said that as a woman and human being, Daisy want to get fair or equal treatment from people around her especially from her own husband. Besides, she also want to get a happy family as she want. By showing her responses toward bad’s treatment from her husband, Daisy just want to make Tom realizes about his mistake and stop the oppressions that she gets from Tom.

WORK CITED

Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms: Seventh Edition. New York: Cornell University, 1999.

Baldick, Chris. The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 2001.

Bennett, A, and Royle, N. An Introduction to Literature Criticism and Theory. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2004.

Cuddon , J.A . Dictionary of Literary Terms & Literary Theory. Published by Penguin Book Group. 1999.

Fitzgerald, F.Scott. The Great Gatsby. Published in Australia. 2008.

Haryuni, I, A Study of How Jay Gatsby obtains his idea of wealth and shifts it into a tool to gain self-esteem in his social and love life as seen in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Surabaya: Petra University, 2005.

Hinson, S and Bradley, A. A Structural Analysis of Oppression. Grassroots Policy Project, pp: 1-5. 2006

Hussain, Rashid. Growing Indian Literature in English. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention. Vol.3, pp: 29-30. 2014.

Jaggar, Alison. M. Feminist Politics and Human Nature. New Jersey: The Harvest Press. 1983.

Johnson, A.G. Previlege, Power, and Difference. California: Mayfield Publishing Company. 2001.

Karlina, Martha. Hedonism as reflected on Daisy in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Jakarta: Gunadarma University. 2013.

Kennedy, X.J, and Gioia, D. Literature: An Intruduction to Fiction, Poetry,

Drama, and Writing: Fifth Edition. New York: Longman Publishers. 2007. Kothari, C.R. Research Methodology Method and Technique; Second Edition.

New Delhi: New Age International Publisher, 2004.

Maryam, Siti. An Analysis of Intrinsic Elements In Jodi Picoult’s My Sister’s Keeper. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2016. Muhammad, Iqbal. Love and Belonginess Need Reflected in F.Scott Fitzgerald’s

The Great Gatsby Novel: A Humanistic Approach. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University. 2015.

Person, Jr, Leland S. “Herstory” and Daisy Buchanan. Duke university Press journal. Vol.5, pp: 250-257, 1978.

Randal, Brianna. A “Jaunty Salute” : Jordan Baker’s Role as The Modern Woman of the 1920s in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gastby, 2008. Riski, Wahyu. Analysis of Main Character Depicted In Leo Tolstoy’s God Sees

The Truth, But Waits. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2017.

Tong, Rosemarie, Feminist Thought: Third Edition. Published by Westview Press. 2009.

Wahyuni, Eka. The Main Female Character Struggle Against Taliban Law and Patriarchal System To Get Happiness in Kaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. 2016.

Wormer, V. Katherine. Concepts for Contemporary Social Work: Globalization, Oppression, Social Exclusion, Human Rigths, Etc. Social Work &Society. Vol. 3, pp: 1-10, 2005.

Zacharias, Nugrahenny. T. A Qualitative Research Methods for Second Language Education: A Coursebook, London: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.

Web: