The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel The Man in The Iron Mask
THE DESCRIPTION OF CONJUNCTIONS FOUND IN THE NOVEL
THE MAN IN THE IRON MASK BY ALEXANDRE DUMAS
A PAPER
WRITTEN BY
FLORENCIA M PRATIWI
REG.NO : 122202022
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, FLORENCIA declare that Iam the sole author of this paper. Except where the
refrences is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published
elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or
awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without acknowledgement in the main text
of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award for another degree in any
tertiary education.
Signed
:
Date
:
2015
i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: Florencia M Pratiwi
Title of paper
: The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel
“The Man In The Iron Mask”
Qualification
: D-III/ Ahli Madya
Study Program
: English
I am wiling that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discrection
of the librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Cultural Study
USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under
law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed
:
Date:
:
2015
ii
ABSTRACT
This paper entiled ”The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel The Man in The
Iron Mask” is about the conjunctions used in the sentences of novel. This paper give
information about how to used conjunctions when someone make a paper in writing. The
writer uses the library research to collecting books and papers related to the topic also
discussed and find out the types of conjunctions and the structure transformation of
conjunction .They are Coordinating conjunction and Subordinating conjunction.
Coordinating conjunction have four classified. 1.) Cumulative conjunction are: and, as
well as, not only...but also, and both...and. 2.)Alternative conjunction are: or, either...or,
neither...nor, and otherwise. 3.) Advertise conjunctions are: but, yet, while, however, still,
nevertheless, and whereas. 4.) Illative conjunctions are: therefore, so that, then, and for.
Subordinating conjunction have 9 classified. 1.)Apposition conjunction is that. 2.) Cause
conjunction are: because, since, and as. 3.) Comparison conjunction are: than, more than,
and as...as. 4.)Contrast conjunction are: although, even though, and though. 5.)Condition
conjunction are: if, unless, whether...or, even if, in case, and otherwise. 6.) Purpose
conjunction are: so that, in order that, in order that, and in order to. 7.) Place conjunction
are where and whereas. 8) Time conjunction are: after, before, when, while, since, as, and
as soon as. 9.) Result conjunction are: consequently, therefore, and thus. The
transformation structure of conjunction that the writer find are: 1.) Conjoined sentences
with identical information, 2.) Conjoined sentences with identical negative elements, 3.)
Conjoined sentences with identical major constituent.
iii
ABSTRAK
Kertas karya yang berjudul ”The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel The
Man in The Iron Mask” ini membahas tentang penggunaan conjunction dalam kalimat
yang terdapat dalam novel. Kertas karya ini memberikan informasi tentang bagaimana
menggunakan conjunction ketika seseorang membuat penulisan sebuah hasil karya
tulisan. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian ke perpustakaan untuk mengumpulkan
buku-buku dan kertas karya yang berkaitan dengan topik juga membahas dan menemukan
tipe dari conjunction dan transformasi struktur dari conjunction. Terdiri dari Coordinating
Conjunction dan Subordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunction di klasifikasikan
menjadi 4. 1.) Cumulative conjunction yaitu: and, as well as, not only...but also, dan
both...and. 2.)Alternative conjunction yaitu: or, either...or, neither...nor, dan otherwise.
3.) Advertise conjunction yaitu: but, yet, while, however, still, nevertheless, and whereas.
4.) Illative conjunction yaitu: therefore, so that, then, dan for. Subordinating conjunction
diklasifikasikan menjadi 9. 1.)Apposition conjunction yaitu that. 2.) Cause conjunction
yaitu because, since, and as. 3.) Comparison conjunction yaitu than, more than, dan
as...as. 4.)Contrast conjunction yaitu: although, even though, dan though. 5.)Condition
conjunction yaitu: if, unless, whether...or, even if, in case, dan otherwise. 6.) Purpose
conjunction yaitu: so that, in order that, in order that, dan in order to. 7.) Place
conjunction yaitu where dan whereas. 8) Time conjunction yaitu after, before, when,
while, since, as, dan as soon as. 9.) Result conjunction yaitu consequently, therefore, and
thus. Struktur transformasi conjunction yang ditemukan oleh penulis yaitu 1.) Conjoined
sentences with identical information, 2.) Conjoined sentences with identical negative
elements, 3.) Conjoined sentences with identical major constituent.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank and praise to God because always blessing and giving
me health, strengh and spirit to finished this paper to get Diploma III certificate from
English Department Faculty of Cultural Study, University of North Sumatera.
Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:
1.) My beloved parents, Bapak Paulus Johanes Darmudji and Ibu Lili
Gintarti. Thanks a lot for your advise, loves, prays, and motivation. I maked and present
this paper for you.
2.) My beloved sisters, Margaretha Tri Oktafiyanti and Agustina Pujiastuti
and my beloved brothers, Anaclitus Bambang Cahyono, Poly Tyas Istiarso, and
Martinus Catur Prayitno. Thanks for your motivation, love, and pray.
3.) Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A as the Head of Diploma III English Study
Program, that give me a lot of knowledge.
4.) Dr. Drs. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A as my supervisor who take the time
to giving and criticism in complete this paper.
5.) Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Study,
University of North Sumatera
6.) Drs. M Syafi’i Siregar as my reader who take the time to giving, criticism
and correct my paper
7.) All lectures in Diploma III English Study Program for teaching, adviced,
and giving me knowledge.
8.) My beloved friends, Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi, Mercy Sarah Swati, Elisa
Putri Purba, Rotua Meyly, Mario Sinaga and My friends in KMK ST.Gregorius
Agung, Carolina Lumban Gaol, Deviana Sinabutar and Betrix Krisna Tarigan.
Thank you for support, advice, motivation, cares, and other things to help me complete
v
my paper. Thanks a lot for the nice friendship during our study. I never forget our
friendship when we spent together.
9.) My beloved brother, Stepanus Marsel Perangin-angin, thank for your love,
cares, motivation to make me complete this paper.
10.) All my friends in Class B Diploma English Study Program/SOLIDAS
2012. Thanks for your support and information to help me complete this paper. I will be
missing all of you.
Finally, I already finished this paper for a long time and being perfect. Then, I welcome
any constructive criticism and suggestion towards this paper.
Medan, June 2015
The writer,
Florencia M Pratiwi
Reg. No. 122202022
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR DECLARATION.............................................................................................i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION.....................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................iii
ABSTRAK.........................................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................vii
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study........................................................................................1
1.2
Problem of the Study..............................................................................................3
1.3
Scope of the Study.................................................................................................4
1.4
Purpose of the Study..............................................................................................4
1.5
The Reason for Choosing the Topic.......................................................................4
1.6
Method of Research...............................................................................................4
1.7
Review of Related Literature................................................................................5
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Grammar.................................................................................................................6
2.2
Conjunction............................................................................................................6
2.2.1 The Defenition of Conjunction...............................................................................7
2.2.2 The Types of Conjunction......................................................................................8
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Method..................................................................................................35
3.2
Data and Data Sources..........................................................................................35
3.3
Data Collecting Method........................................................................................36
3.4
Data Description Method......................................................................................36
4. DESCRIPTION OF CONJUNCTION
4.1
Grammatical Description......................................................................................37
4.2
Types of Conjunction Transformation Structure..................................................39
4.2.1 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Information..................................................40
4.2.2 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Negative Elements.......................................40
4.2.3 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Major Constituent........................................42
4.3
Correlative Conjunction Transformation Structure..............................................44
5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusions...........................................................................................................52
5.2
Suggestions...........................................................................................................54
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................55
APPENDICES..................................................................................................................56
vii
THE MAN IN THE IRON MASK BY ALEXANDRE DUMAS
A PAPER
WRITTEN BY
FLORENCIA M PRATIWI
REG.NO : 122202022
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2015
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, FLORENCIA declare that Iam the sole author of this paper. Except where the
refrences is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published
elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or
awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without acknowledgement in the main text
of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award for another degree in any
tertiary education.
Signed
:
Date
:
2015
i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: Florencia M Pratiwi
Title of paper
: The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel
“The Man In The Iron Mask”
Qualification
: D-III/ Ahli Madya
Study Program
: English
I am wiling that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discrection
of the librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Cultural Study
USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under
law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed
:
Date:
:
2015
ii
ABSTRACT
This paper entiled ”The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel The Man in The
Iron Mask” is about the conjunctions used in the sentences of novel. This paper give
information about how to used conjunctions when someone make a paper in writing. The
writer uses the library research to collecting books and papers related to the topic also
discussed and find out the types of conjunctions and the structure transformation of
conjunction .They are Coordinating conjunction and Subordinating conjunction.
Coordinating conjunction have four classified. 1.) Cumulative conjunction are: and, as
well as, not only...but also, and both...and. 2.)Alternative conjunction are: or, either...or,
neither...nor, and otherwise. 3.) Advertise conjunctions are: but, yet, while, however, still,
nevertheless, and whereas. 4.) Illative conjunctions are: therefore, so that, then, and for.
Subordinating conjunction have 9 classified. 1.)Apposition conjunction is that. 2.) Cause
conjunction are: because, since, and as. 3.) Comparison conjunction are: than, more than,
and as...as. 4.)Contrast conjunction are: although, even though, and though. 5.)Condition
conjunction are: if, unless, whether...or, even if, in case, and otherwise. 6.) Purpose
conjunction are: so that, in order that, in order that, and in order to. 7.) Place conjunction
are where and whereas. 8) Time conjunction are: after, before, when, while, since, as, and
as soon as. 9.) Result conjunction are: consequently, therefore, and thus. The
transformation structure of conjunction that the writer find are: 1.) Conjoined sentences
with identical information, 2.) Conjoined sentences with identical negative elements, 3.)
Conjoined sentences with identical major constituent.
iii
ABSTRAK
Kertas karya yang berjudul ”The Description of Conjunction Found in the Novel The
Man in The Iron Mask” ini membahas tentang penggunaan conjunction dalam kalimat
yang terdapat dalam novel. Kertas karya ini memberikan informasi tentang bagaimana
menggunakan conjunction ketika seseorang membuat penulisan sebuah hasil karya
tulisan. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian ke perpustakaan untuk mengumpulkan
buku-buku dan kertas karya yang berkaitan dengan topik juga membahas dan menemukan
tipe dari conjunction dan transformasi struktur dari conjunction. Terdiri dari Coordinating
Conjunction dan Subordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunction di klasifikasikan
menjadi 4. 1.) Cumulative conjunction yaitu: and, as well as, not only...but also, dan
both...and. 2.)Alternative conjunction yaitu: or, either...or, neither...nor, dan otherwise.
3.) Advertise conjunction yaitu: but, yet, while, however, still, nevertheless, and whereas.
4.) Illative conjunction yaitu: therefore, so that, then, dan for. Subordinating conjunction
diklasifikasikan menjadi 9. 1.)Apposition conjunction yaitu that. 2.) Cause conjunction
yaitu because, since, and as. 3.) Comparison conjunction yaitu than, more than, dan
as...as. 4.)Contrast conjunction yaitu: although, even though, dan though. 5.)Condition
conjunction yaitu: if, unless, whether...or, even if, in case, dan otherwise. 6.) Purpose
conjunction yaitu: so that, in order that, in order that, dan in order to. 7.) Place
conjunction yaitu where dan whereas. 8) Time conjunction yaitu after, before, when,
while, since, as, dan as soon as. 9.) Result conjunction yaitu consequently, therefore, and
thus. Struktur transformasi conjunction yang ditemukan oleh penulis yaitu 1.) Conjoined
sentences with identical information, 2.) Conjoined sentences with identical negative
elements, 3.) Conjoined sentences with identical major constituent.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank and praise to God because always blessing and giving
me health, strengh and spirit to finished this paper to get Diploma III certificate from
English Department Faculty of Cultural Study, University of North Sumatera.
Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:
1.) My beloved parents, Bapak Paulus Johanes Darmudji and Ibu Lili
Gintarti. Thanks a lot for your advise, loves, prays, and motivation. I maked and present
this paper for you.
2.) My beloved sisters, Margaretha Tri Oktafiyanti and Agustina Pujiastuti
and my beloved brothers, Anaclitus Bambang Cahyono, Poly Tyas Istiarso, and
Martinus Catur Prayitno. Thanks for your motivation, love, and pray.
3.) Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A as the Head of Diploma III English Study
Program, that give me a lot of knowledge.
4.) Dr. Drs. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A as my supervisor who take the time
to giving and criticism in complete this paper.
5.) Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Study,
University of North Sumatera
6.) Drs. M Syafi’i Siregar as my reader who take the time to giving, criticism
and correct my paper
7.) All lectures in Diploma III English Study Program for teaching, adviced,
and giving me knowledge.
8.) My beloved friends, Eka Yuni Sari br Silalahi, Mercy Sarah Swati, Elisa
Putri Purba, Rotua Meyly, Mario Sinaga and My friends in KMK ST.Gregorius
Agung, Carolina Lumban Gaol, Deviana Sinabutar and Betrix Krisna Tarigan.
Thank you for support, advice, motivation, cares, and other things to help me complete
v
my paper. Thanks a lot for the nice friendship during our study. I never forget our
friendship when we spent together.
9.) My beloved brother, Stepanus Marsel Perangin-angin, thank for your love,
cares, motivation to make me complete this paper.
10.) All my friends in Class B Diploma English Study Program/SOLIDAS
2012. Thanks for your support and information to help me complete this paper. I will be
missing all of you.
Finally, I already finished this paper for a long time and being perfect. Then, I welcome
any constructive criticism and suggestion towards this paper.
Medan, June 2015
The writer,
Florencia M Pratiwi
Reg. No. 122202022
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR DECLARATION.............................................................................................i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION.....................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................iii
ABSTRAK.........................................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................vii
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study........................................................................................1
1.2
Problem of the Study..............................................................................................3
1.3
Scope of the Study.................................................................................................4
1.4
Purpose of the Study..............................................................................................4
1.5
The Reason for Choosing the Topic.......................................................................4
1.6
Method of Research...............................................................................................4
1.7
Review of Related Literature................................................................................5
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
Grammar.................................................................................................................6
2.2
Conjunction............................................................................................................6
2.2.1 The Defenition of Conjunction...............................................................................7
2.2.2 The Types of Conjunction......................................................................................8
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Method..................................................................................................35
3.2
Data and Data Sources..........................................................................................35
3.3
Data Collecting Method........................................................................................36
3.4
Data Description Method......................................................................................36
4. DESCRIPTION OF CONJUNCTION
4.1
Grammatical Description......................................................................................37
4.2
Types of Conjunction Transformation Structure..................................................39
4.2.1 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Information..................................................40
4.2.2 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Negative Elements.......................................40
4.2.3 Conjoined Sentences with Identical Major Constituent........................................42
4.3
Correlative Conjunction Transformation Structure..............................................44
5. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusions...........................................................................................................52
5.2
Suggestions...........................................................................................................54
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................55
APPENDICES..................................................................................................................56
vii