S KTP 1206356 Table of Content
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..............................................................................................x
DAFTAR GRAFIK .............................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR BAGAN .............................................................................................. xii
DAFTAR KURVA ............................................................................................. xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ..............................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................7
C. Tujuan Penelitian ..........................................................................................7
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian ..............................................................................8
1. Manfaat Teoritis .........................................................................................8
2. Manfaat Praktis ...........................................................................................8
E. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi ......................................................................9
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ..............................................................................10
A.
TINJAUAN PEMBELAJARAN ................................................................10
1. Pengertian Pembelajaran ...............................................................................10
2. Ciri-ciri Pembelajaran ...................................................................................12
3. Prinsip Pembelajaran ....................................................................................13
4. Komponen Pembelajaran ..............................................................................14
5. Pola Pembelajaran .........................................................................................14
6. Tujuan Pembelajaran ....................................................................................16
B.
TINJAUAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN .................................................18
1. Pengertian Media Pembelajaran....................................................................18
2. Dasar Teoritis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran .........................................18
3. Ciri-ciri Media Pembelajaran ........................................................................21
Yuti Selia Martiani, 2016
Pemanfaatan Media Film Animasi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Siswa Sekolah Dasar Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
vii
4. Fungsi Dan Manfaat Media Pembelajaran ....................................................21
5. Klasifikasi Media Pembelajaran ...................................................................23
6. Pemilihan Dan Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran ........................................25
C.
TINJAUAN FILM ANIMASI ....................................................................27
1. Pengertian Film Animasi ..............................................................................27
2. Karakteristik Film Animasi...........................................................................28
3. Fungsi Animasi .............................................................................................29
4. Jenis-jenis Animasi .......................................................................................30
D.
TINJAUAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN .........................................31
1. Pengertian Kemampuan Pemahaman ...........................................................31
2. Aspek-aspek Kemampuan Pemahaman ........................................................32
E.
TINJAUAN CERITA .................................................................................35
1. Pengertian Cerita ...........................................................................................35
2. Jenis-jenis Cerita ...........................................................................................35
3. Unsur-unsur Cerita ........................................................................................36
F.
PENELITIAN TERDAHULU ...................................................................37
G.
KERANGKA BERPIKIR ..........................................................................39
H.
ASUMSI DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN .............................................43
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .....................................................................44
A.
LOKASI, POPULASI DAN SAMPEL PENELITIAN............................44
1. Lokasi Penelitian ...........................................................................................44
2. Populasi Penelitian ........................................................................................44
3. Sampel Penelitian..........................................................................................45
B.
METODE PENELITIAN DAN DESAIN PENELITIAN .......................45
1. Metode Penelitian .........................................................................................45
2. Desain Penelitian ..........................................................................................47
C.
DEFINISI OPERASIONAL ......................................................................48
D.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN ................................48
1. Tes Objektif ..................................................................................................48
E.
PARAMETER PENGUKURAN ...............................................................49
1. Uji Kevalidan ................................................................................................49
2. Uji Kereliabelan ............................................................................................50
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3. Derajat Kesukaran .........................................................................................51
4. Daya Pembeda ..............................................................................................53
F.
TEKNIK ANALISIS DATA ......................................................................54
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................56
A.
DESKRIPSI HASIL PENELITIAN ..........................................................56
B.
ANALISIS DATA .......................................................................................64
C.
PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENELITIAN ...................................................75
1. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian Umum ............................................................75
2. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian Khusus ...........................................................77
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ..............................................78
A.
KESIMPULAN ...........................................................................................78
1. Kesimpulan Umum .......................................................................................78
2. Kesimpulan Khusus ......................................................................................78
B.
REKOMENDASI ........................................................................................79
1. Guru ..............................................................................................................79
2. Sekolah ..........................................................................................................79
3. Peneliti Selanjutnya ......................................................................................79
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................80
LAMPIRAN
RIWAYAT HIDUP PENELITI
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Media Pembelajaran ........................................................ 24
Tabel 3.1 Populasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 44
Tabel 3.2 Sampel Penelitian ................................................................................ 45
Tabel 3.3 Hubungan Antara Variabel Penelitian ............................................. 46
Teble 3.4 Desain Kelompok Kontrol Tak Setara .............................................. 47
Tabel 3.5 Kelompk Derajat Kesukaran Soal ..................................................... 52
Tabel 3.6 Kelompok Daya Pembeda .................................................................. 54
Tabel 4.1 Skor Dan Rata-Rata Pretest Kelas Kontrol Dan Kelas Eksperiman
................................................................................................................................ 56
Tabel 4.2 Skor Dan Rata-Rata Posttest Kelas Kontrol Dan Kelas Eksperiman
................................................................................................................................ 57
Tabel 4.3 Gain Kelas Eksperimen Dan Kelas Kontrol ..................................... 57
Tabel 4.4 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Kelas Eksperimen .................................................................................... 59
Tabel 4.5 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Terjemahan ................................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.6 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Interpretasi .................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.7 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Ekstrapolasi .................................................................................. 63
Tabel 4.8 Uji Normalitas Kelas Eksperimen ..................................................... 65
Tabel 4.9 Uji Normalitas Kelas Kontrol ............................................................ 66
Tabel 4.10 Uji Homogenitas Gain Total ............................................................ 67
Tabel 4.11 Uji Homogenitas Gain Terjemahan ................................................ 68
Tabel 4.12 Uji Homogenitas Gain Interpretasi ................................................. 68
Tabel 4.13 Uji Homogenitas Gain Ekstrapolasi ................................................ 69
Tabel 4.14 Uji Hipotesis Umum .......................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.15 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Pertama ......................................................... 71
Tabel 4.16 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Kedua ............................................................ 73
Tabel 4.17 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Ketiga ............................................................ 74
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Pola Pembelajaran Tradisional 1 .................................................. 15
Gambar 2.2 Pola Pembelajaran Tradisional 2 .................................................. 15
Gambar 2.3 Pola Pembelajaran Guru Dan Media ........................................... 16
Gambar 2.4 Pola Pembelajaran Bermedia ........................................................ 16
Gambar 2.5 Kerucut Pengalaman Dale ............................................................. 19
Gambar 2.6 Media Film Animasi ....................................................................... 42
x
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kelas Eksperimen Dan Kelas Kontrol
................................................................................................................................ 58
Grafik 4.2 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Kelas
Eksperimen ........................................................................................................... 59
Grafik 4.3 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Terjemahan ............................................................................................... 61
Grafik 4.4 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Interpretasi ............................................................................................... 62
Grafik 4.5 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Ekstrapolasi .............................................................................................. 64
xi
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................. 40
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DAFTAR KURVA
Kurva 4.1 Uji Hipotesis Umum........................................................................... 71
Kurva 4.2 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Pertama .......................................................... 72
Kurva 4.3 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Kedua ............................................................. 73
Kurva 4.4 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Ketiga ............................................................. 75
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ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... ii
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI......................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..............................................................................................x
DAFTAR GRAFIK .............................................................................................. xi
DAFTAR BAGAN .............................................................................................. xii
DAFTAR KURVA ............................................................................................. xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ..............................................................................1
B. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................7
C. Tujuan Penelitian ..........................................................................................7
D. Manfaat Hasil Penelitian ..............................................................................8
1. Manfaat Teoritis .........................................................................................8
2. Manfaat Praktis ...........................................................................................8
E. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi ......................................................................9
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ..............................................................................10
A.
TINJAUAN PEMBELAJARAN ................................................................10
1. Pengertian Pembelajaran ...............................................................................10
2. Ciri-ciri Pembelajaran ...................................................................................12
3. Prinsip Pembelajaran ....................................................................................13
4. Komponen Pembelajaran ..............................................................................14
5. Pola Pembelajaran .........................................................................................14
6. Tujuan Pembelajaran ....................................................................................16
B.
TINJAUAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN .................................................18
1. Pengertian Media Pembelajaran....................................................................18
2. Dasar Teoritis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran .........................................18
3. Ciri-ciri Media Pembelajaran ........................................................................21
Yuti Selia Martiani, 2016
Pemanfaatan Media Film Animasi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Siswa Sekolah Dasar Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
vii
4. Fungsi Dan Manfaat Media Pembelajaran ....................................................21
5. Klasifikasi Media Pembelajaran ...................................................................23
6. Pemilihan Dan Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran ........................................25
C.
TINJAUAN FILM ANIMASI ....................................................................27
1. Pengertian Film Animasi ..............................................................................27
2. Karakteristik Film Animasi...........................................................................28
3. Fungsi Animasi .............................................................................................29
4. Jenis-jenis Animasi .......................................................................................30
D.
TINJAUAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN .........................................31
1. Pengertian Kemampuan Pemahaman ...........................................................31
2. Aspek-aspek Kemampuan Pemahaman ........................................................32
E.
TINJAUAN CERITA .................................................................................35
1. Pengertian Cerita ...........................................................................................35
2. Jenis-jenis Cerita ...........................................................................................35
3. Unsur-unsur Cerita ........................................................................................36
F.
PENELITIAN TERDAHULU ...................................................................37
G.
KERANGKA BERPIKIR ..........................................................................39
H.
ASUMSI DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN .............................................43
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .....................................................................44
A.
LOKASI, POPULASI DAN SAMPEL PENELITIAN............................44
1. Lokasi Penelitian ...........................................................................................44
2. Populasi Penelitian ........................................................................................44
3. Sampel Penelitian..........................................................................................45
B.
METODE PENELITIAN DAN DESAIN PENELITIAN .......................45
1. Metode Penelitian .........................................................................................45
2. Desain Penelitian ..........................................................................................47
C.
DEFINISI OPERASIONAL ......................................................................48
D.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN ................................48
1. Tes Objektif ..................................................................................................48
E.
PARAMETER PENGUKURAN ...............................................................49
1. Uji Kevalidan ................................................................................................49
2. Uji Kereliabelan ............................................................................................50
viii
3. Derajat Kesukaran .........................................................................................51
4. Daya Pembeda ..............................................................................................53
F.
TEKNIK ANALISIS DATA ......................................................................54
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................56
A.
DESKRIPSI HASIL PENELITIAN ..........................................................56
B.
ANALISIS DATA .......................................................................................64
C.
PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENELITIAN ...................................................75
1. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian Umum ............................................................75
2. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian Khusus ...........................................................77
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN REKOMENDASI ..............................................78
A.
KESIMPULAN ...........................................................................................78
1. Kesimpulan Umum .......................................................................................78
2. Kesimpulan Khusus ......................................................................................78
B.
REKOMENDASI ........................................................................................79
1. Guru ..............................................................................................................79
2. Sekolah ..........................................................................................................79
3. Peneliti Selanjutnya ......................................................................................79
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................80
LAMPIRAN
RIWAYAT HIDUP PENELITI
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Media Pembelajaran ........................................................ 24
Tabel 3.1 Populasi Penelitian .............................................................................. 44
Tabel 3.2 Sampel Penelitian ................................................................................ 45
Tabel 3.3 Hubungan Antara Variabel Penelitian ............................................. 46
Teble 3.4 Desain Kelompok Kontrol Tak Setara .............................................. 47
Tabel 3.5 Kelompk Derajat Kesukaran Soal ..................................................... 52
Tabel 3.6 Kelompok Daya Pembeda .................................................................. 54
Tabel 4.1 Skor Dan Rata-Rata Pretest Kelas Kontrol Dan Kelas Eksperiman
................................................................................................................................ 56
Tabel 4.2 Skor Dan Rata-Rata Posttest Kelas Kontrol Dan Kelas Eksperiman
................................................................................................................................ 57
Tabel 4.3 Gain Kelas Eksperimen Dan Kelas Kontrol ..................................... 57
Tabel 4.4 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Kelas Eksperimen .................................................................................... 59
Tabel 4.5 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Terjemahan ................................................................................... 60
Tabel 4.6 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Interpretasi .................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.7 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Dan Gain Kemampuan Pemahaman
Cerita Aspek Ekstrapolasi .................................................................................. 63
Tabel 4.8 Uji Normalitas Kelas Eksperimen ..................................................... 65
Tabel 4.9 Uji Normalitas Kelas Kontrol ............................................................ 66
Tabel 4.10 Uji Homogenitas Gain Total ............................................................ 67
Tabel 4.11 Uji Homogenitas Gain Terjemahan ................................................ 68
Tabel 4.12 Uji Homogenitas Gain Interpretasi ................................................. 68
Tabel 4.13 Uji Homogenitas Gain Ekstrapolasi ................................................ 69
Tabel 4.14 Uji Hipotesis Umum .......................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.15 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Pertama ......................................................... 71
Tabel 4.16 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Kedua ............................................................ 73
Tabel 4.17 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Ketiga ............................................................ 74
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Pola Pembelajaran Tradisional 1 .................................................. 15
Gambar 2.2 Pola Pembelajaran Tradisional 2 .................................................. 15
Gambar 2.3 Pola Pembelajaran Guru Dan Media ........................................... 16
Gambar 2.4 Pola Pembelajaran Bermedia ........................................................ 16
Gambar 2.5 Kerucut Pengalaman Dale ............................................................. 19
Gambar 2.6 Media Film Animasi ....................................................................... 42
x
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kelas Eksperimen Dan Kelas Kontrol
................................................................................................................................ 58
Grafik 4.2 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Kelas
Eksperimen ........................................................................................................... 59
Grafik 4.3 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Terjemahan ............................................................................................... 61
Grafik 4.4 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Interpretasi ............................................................................................... 62
Grafik 4.5 Rata-Rata Pretest-Posttets Kemampuan Pemahaman Cerita
Aspek Ekstrapolasi .............................................................................................. 64
xi
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................. 40
xii
DAFTAR KURVA
Kurva 4.1 Uji Hipotesis Umum........................................................................... 71
Kurva 4.2 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Pertama .......................................................... 72
Kurva 4.3 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Kedua ............................................................. 73
Kurva 4.4 Uji Hipotesis Khusus Ketiga ............................................................. 75
xiii