S KOM 1205988 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................................. ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ...................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................... 1
1.1
Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................................... 6
1.3
Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 6
1.4
Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................................... 6
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................................... 7
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................... 7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................................... 9
2.1
2.2
2.3
Multimedia Pembelajaran......................................................................................... 9
2.3.1
Pengertian Multimedia .................................................................................. 9
2.3.2
Pengertian Pembelajaran............................................................................. 10
2.3.3
Pengertian Multimedia Pembelajaran .......................................................... 12
2.3.4
Manfaat Multimedia Pembelajaran ............................................................. 13
Game Strategi ........................................................................................................ 14
2.3.1
Game.......................................................................................................... 14
2.3.2
Jenis-jenis Game......................................................................................... 15
2.3.3
Adventure Game......................................................................................... 19
Model Problem Based Learning ............................................................................. 20
2.3.1
Pengertian Problem Based Learning ........................................................... 20
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.3.2
2.4
Langkah-langkah Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ................ 22
Pemahaman............................................................................................................ 23
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN............................................................................................. 36
3.1
Metode Penelitian .................................................................................................. 36
3.1.1.
3.2
Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan ........................................................ 36
Desain Penelitian................................................................................................. 39
3.2.1
Analisis ...................................................................................................... 40
3.2.2
Desain ........................................................................................................ 40
3.2.3
Pengembangan ........................................................................................... 40
3.2.4
Implementasi .............................................................................................. 41
3.2.5
Penilaian .................................................................................................... 41
3.3
Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian.................................................................................. 41
3.4
Instrumen Penelitian .............................................................................................. 42
3.5
3.4.1.
Instrumen Studi Lapangan .......................................................................... 42
3.4.2.
Instrumen Validasi Ahli Media dan Materi ................................................. 42
3.4.3.
Instrumen Tanggapan Siswa ....................................................................... 42
3.4.4.
Instrumen Tingkat Pemahaman ................................................................... 42
Teknik Analisis Data .............................................................................................. 46
3.5.1.
Analisis Data Instrumen Studi Lapangan..................................................... 46
3.5.2.
Analisis Data Instrumen Validasi Ahli ........................................................ 46
3.5.3.
Analisis Data Instrumen Tanggapan Siswa .................................................. 47
3.5.4.
Analisis Data Instrumen Tingkat Pemahaman ............................................. 48
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................................................... 51
4.1
Hasil Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 51
4.1 1.
Tahap Analisis ............................................................................................ 51
4.1 2.
Tahap Desain.............................................................................................. 56
4.1 3.
Tahap pengembangan ................................................................................. 62
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2
4.1 4.
Tahap Implementasi ................................................................................... 71
4.1 5.
Tahap Penilaian .......................................................................................... 74
4.1 6.
Data Peningkatan Pemahaman .................................................................... 75
Pembahasan Penelitian ........................................................................................... 85
4.2.1.
Hasil Studi Pendahuluan ............................................................................. 85
4.2.2.
Hasil Validasi Ahli ..................................................................................... 92
4.2.3.
Hasil Respon Siswa .................................................................................... 93
4.2.4.
Kelebihan, Kekurangan, Kendala ................................................................ 94
BAB V ...................................................................................................................................... 96
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.................................................................................................. 96
5.1
Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................ 96
5.2
Saran...................................................................................................................... 96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................................ 98
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Fase Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) .............................................................. 22
Tabel 2.2 Kriteria Validitas Butir Soal ....................................................................................... 29
Tabel 2.3 Kriteria Reliabilitas Soal ......................................................................................... 30
Tabel 2.4 Kriteria Indeks Kesukaran Soal ............................................................................... 31
Tabel 2.5 Klasifikasi Daya Pembeda....................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.1 Klasifikasi Validitas Butir Soal ............................................................................... 43
Tabel 3.2
Klasifikasi Reliabilitas Soal .................................................................................... 44
Tabel 3.3 Klasifikasi Indeks Kesukaran .................................................................................. 45
Tabel 3.4 Klasifikasi Daya Pembeda....................................................................................... 46
Tabel 3.5 Presentase Skala Validasi ........................................................................................ 47
Tabel 3.6 Skala Likert ............................................................................................................ 47
Tabel 3.7 Kriteria Nilai Gain ..................................................................................................... 49
Tabel 3.8 Korelasi Uji T ......................................................................................................... 50
Tabel 4.1
Daftar materi yang dianggap sulit ............................................................................ 52
Tabel 4.2 Spesifikasi Minimum dan Maksimum ...................................................................... 56
Tabel 4.3
Storyboard .............................................................................................................. 58
Tabel 4.4 Antarmuka Multimedia ........................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.5
Source Code dari unsur media pada construct .......................................................... 67
Tabel 4.6 Pelaksanaan Pengujian ............................................................................................ 68
Tabel 4.7 Hasil Blackbox Testing............................................................................................ 68
Tabel 4.8 Hasil Validasi Ahli Media ....................................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.9 Hasil Validasi Ahli Materi ...................................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.10 Hasil Perbaikan Terhadap Multimedia ................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.11 Hasil Respon Siswa Terhadap Multimedia ............................................................ 72
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.12 Kegiatan Proses Penelitian ................................................................................. 73
Tabel 4.13 Hasil Perhitungan Batas-batas Kelompok ............................................................... 75
Tabel 4.14 Data nilai pretest berdasarkan kelompok ............................................................... 76
Tabel 4.15 Hasil Uji Normalitas Pretest.................................................................................. 77
Tabel 4.16 Data nilai postest berdasarkan kelompok ............................................................... 77
Tabel 4.17 Hasil Uji Normalitas Postest ................................................................................. 79
Tabel 4.18 Uji Homogenitas dari Nilai Pretest dan Postest ..................................................... 80
Tabel 4.19 Data nilai Pretest – Postest berdasarkan nilai Gain ................................................ 80
Tabel 4.20 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok atas.................................................... 81
Tabel 4.21 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok tengah ............................................ 81
Tabel 4.22 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok bawah ............................................. 82
Tabel 4.23 Kategori Hasil Nilai Gain ...................................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.24
Paired Samples Statistics ....................................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.25
Paired Samples Correlations .................................................................................. 84
Tabel 4.26
Paired Samples Test .............................................................................................. 84
Tabel 4.27
Tahapan Kegiatan dalam Metode Penelitian .......................................................... 88
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1 Langkah-langkah Metode Research and Development menurut Borg & Gall .......... 37
Gambar 3.2 Langkah-langkah Metode Research and Development menurut Sugiyono ............... 37
Gambar 3.3 Model Siklus Hidup Menyeluruh (SHM) : Pengembangan Software Multimedia
dalam Pendidikan (Munir, 2012) ............................................................................................... 38
Gambar 3.4 Desain penelitian ................................................................................................. 39
Gambar 4.1 Intensitas Penggunaan Game .................................................................................. 53
Gambar 4.2 Ketertarikan Terhadap Pembelajaran Menggunakan Multimedia pembelajaran
interaktif berbasis adventure game. ........................................................................................... 54
Gambar 4.3
flowchart umum multimedia ................................................................................ 57
Gambar 4.4 Pengkodean dari php ........................................................................................... 66
Gambar 4.5
Evensheet antarmuka masalah pada construct ...................................................... 67
Gambar 4.6
Evensheet antarmuka hasil jawaban pada construct .............................................. 67
Gambar 4.7 Hasil Validasi Ahli Media ................................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.8 Hasil Validasi Ahli Materi ................................................................................... 71
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................................................... i
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................................. ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ...................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................... 1
1.1
Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................................... 6
1.3
Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 6
1.4
Batasan Masalah ...................................................................................................... 6
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................................... 7
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................... 7
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA....................................................................................................... 9
2.1
2.2
2.3
Multimedia Pembelajaran......................................................................................... 9
2.3.1
Pengertian Multimedia .................................................................................. 9
2.3.2
Pengertian Pembelajaran............................................................................. 10
2.3.3
Pengertian Multimedia Pembelajaran .......................................................... 12
2.3.4
Manfaat Multimedia Pembelajaran ............................................................. 13
Game Strategi ........................................................................................................ 14
2.3.1
Game.......................................................................................................... 14
2.3.2
Jenis-jenis Game......................................................................................... 15
2.3.3
Adventure Game......................................................................................... 19
Model Problem Based Learning ............................................................................. 20
2.3.1
Pengertian Problem Based Learning ........................................................... 20
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.3.2
2.4
Langkah-langkah Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ................ 22
Pemahaman............................................................................................................ 23
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN............................................................................................. 36
3.1
Metode Penelitian .................................................................................................. 36
3.1.1.
3.2
Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan ........................................................ 36
Desain Penelitian................................................................................................. 39
3.2.1
Analisis ...................................................................................................... 40
3.2.2
Desain ........................................................................................................ 40
3.2.3
Pengembangan ........................................................................................... 40
3.2.4
Implementasi .............................................................................................. 41
3.2.5
Penilaian .................................................................................................... 41
3.3
Lokasi dan Subjek Penelitian.................................................................................. 41
3.4
Instrumen Penelitian .............................................................................................. 42
3.5
3.4.1.
Instrumen Studi Lapangan .......................................................................... 42
3.4.2.
Instrumen Validasi Ahli Media dan Materi ................................................. 42
3.4.3.
Instrumen Tanggapan Siswa ....................................................................... 42
3.4.4.
Instrumen Tingkat Pemahaman ................................................................... 42
Teknik Analisis Data .............................................................................................. 46
3.5.1.
Analisis Data Instrumen Studi Lapangan..................................................... 46
3.5.2.
Analisis Data Instrumen Validasi Ahli ........................................................ 46
3.5.3.
Analisis Data Instrumen Tanggapan Siswa .................................................. 47
3.5.4.
Analisis Data Instrumen Tingkat Pemahaman ............................................. 48
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................................................... 51
4.1
Hasil Penelitian ...................................................................................................... 51
4.1 1.
Tahap Analisis ............................................................................................ 51
4.1 2.
Tahap Desain.............................................................................................. 56
4.1 3.
Tahap pengembangan ................................................................................. 62
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2
4.1 4.
Tahap Implementasi ................................................................................... 71
4.1 5.
Tahap Penilaian .......................................................................................... 74
4.1 6.
Data Peningkatan Pemahaman .................................................................... 75
Pembahasan Penelitian ........................................................................................... 85
4.2.1.
Hasil Studi Pendahuluan ............................................................................. 85
4.2.2.
Hasil Validasi Ahli ..................................................................................... 92
4.2.3.
Hasil Respon Siswa .................................................................................... 93
4.2.4.
Kelebihan, Kekurangan, Kendala ................................................................ 94
BAB V ...................................................................................................................................... 96
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.................................................................................................. 96
5.1
Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................ 96
5.2
Saran...................................................................................................................... 96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................................ 98
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Fase Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) .............................................................. 22
Tabel 2.2 Kriteria Validitas Butir Soal ....................................................................................... 29
Tabel 2.3 Kriteria Reliabilitas Soal ......................................................................................... 30
Tabel 2.4 Kriteria Indeks Kesukaran Soal ............................................................................... 31
Tabel 2.5 Klasifikasi Daya Pembeda....................................................................................... 32
Tabel 3.1 Klasifikasi Validitas Butir Soal ............................................................................... 43
Tabel 3.2
Klasifikasi Reliabilitas Soal .................................................................................... 44
Tabel 3.3 Klasifikasi Indeks Kesukaran .................................................................................. 45
Tabel 3.4 Klasifikasi Daya Pembeda....................................................................................... 46
Tabel 3.5 Presentase Skala Validasi ........................................................................................ 47
Tabel 3.6 Skala Likert ............................................................................................................ 47
Tabel 3.7 Kriteria Nilai Gain ..................................................................................................... 49
Tabel 3.8 Korelasi Uji T ......................................................................................................... 50
Tabel 4.1
Daftar materi yang dianggap sulit ............................................................................ 52
Tabel 4.2 Spesifikasi Minimum dan Maksimum ...................................................................... 56
Tabel 4.3
Storyboard .............................................................................................................. 58
Tabel 4.4 Antarmuka Multimedia ........................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.5
Source Code dari unsur media pada construct .......................................................... 67
Tabel 4.6 Pelaksanaan Pengujian ............................................................................................ 68
Tabel 4.7 Hasil Blackbox Testing............................................................................................ 68
Tabel 4.8 Hasil Validasi Ahli Media ....................................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.9 Hasil Validasi Ahli Materi ...................................................................................... 70
Tabel 4.10 Hasil Perbaikan Terhadap Multimedia ................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.11 Hasil Respon Siswa Terhadap Multimedia ............................................................ 72
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Tabel 4.12 Kegiatan Proses Penelitian ................................................................................. 73
Tabel 4.13 Hasil Perhitungan Batas-batas Kelompok ............................................................... 75
Tabel 4.14 Data nilai pretest berdasarkan kelompok ............................................................... 76
Tabel 4.15 Hasil Uji Normalitas Pretest.................................................................................. 77
Tabel 4.16 Data nilai postest berdasarkan kelompok ............................................................... 77
Tabel 4.17 Hasil Uji Normalitas Postest ................................................................................. 79
Tabel 4.18 Uji Homogenitas dari Nilai Pretest dan Postest ..................................................... 80
Tabel 4.19 Data nilai Pretest – Postest berdasarkan nilai Gain ................................................ 80
Tabel 4.20 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok atas.................................................... 81
Tabel 4.21 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok tengah ............................................ 81
Tabel 4.22 Data perhitungan gain berdasarkan kelompok bawah ............................................. 82
Tabel 4.23 Kategori Hasil Nilai Gain ...................................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.24
Paired Samples Statistics ....................................................................................... 83
Tabel 4.25
Paired Samples Correlations .................................................................................. 84
Tabel 4.26
Paired Samples Test .............................................................................................. 84
Tabel 4.27
Tahapan Kegiatan dalam Metode Penelitian .......................................................... 88
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1 Langkah-langkah Metode Research and Development menurut Borg & Gall .......... 37
Gambar 3.2 Langkah-langkah Metode Research and Development menurut Sugiyono ............... 37
Gambar 3.3 Model Siklus Hidup Menyeluruh (SHM) : Pengembangan Software Multimedia
dalam Pendidikan (Munir, 2012) ............................................................................................... 38
Gambar 3.4 Desain penelitian ................................................................................................. 39
Gambar 4.1 Intensitas Penggunaan Game .................................................................................. 53
Gambar 4.2 Ketertarikan Terhadap Pembelajaran Menggunakan Multimedia pembelajaran
interaktif berbasis adventure game. ........................................................................................... 54
Gambar 4.3
flowchart umum multimedia ................................................................................ 57
Gambar 4.4 Pengkodean dari php ........................................................................................... 66
Gambar 4.5
Evensheet antarmuka masalah pada construct ...................................................... 67
Gambar 4.6
Evensheet antarmuka hasil jawaban pada construct .............................................. 67
Gambar 4.7 Hasil Validasi Ahli Media ................................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.8 Hasil Validasi Ahli Materi ................................................................................... 71
Muhammad Bukhori, 2016
RANCANG BANGUN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS GAME MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
UNTUK
KETERCAPAIAN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu