THE EFFECT OF USING SWELL METHOD ON STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT.
THE EFFECT OF USING SWELL METHOD ON STUDENTS’
ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to English and literature Department, Faculty of Language and
Art State University of Medan in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
CHRISTIN HAKIM PASARIBU
Reg. No. : 2103121006
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2014
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise and great gratitude to Almighty God submitted by the writer to the
Lord JESUS Christ for blessing and help to complete this thesis on time.
This thesis is arranged to fulfill the requirements for obtaining the degree
of Sarjana Pendidikan, at the English Department, Languages and Arts Faculty,
State University of Medan.
This thesis could have been completed also because of guidance,
encouragement, suggestions, and comments from some people for whom the
writer would like to extend her sincere and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si. the Rector of State University Of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Pd. ,the Dean of Faculty of Language and Arts.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. the Head of English Department, and
Dra.Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed. the Head of English Education Study
program.
Drs. Bachtiar, M.Pd, as her Thesis Consultant.
Dr.
Rahmah,
M.Hum,
Prof.Dr.Lince
Sihombing,
Prof.Dr.Hj.
Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the reviewer.
Drs. Jamuara Panggabean, the Headmaster of SMA N 1 Tarutung, and
S.Hutabarat as the English Teacher for the help that allowed the writer to
conduct her research in the class.
H.L Pasaribu and Nurita Ritonga S.Pd, her beloved parents, for both of
her beloved sisters Suci Rohani A.Md.Par and Noval Novita Pasaribu
S.Pd and Winny Aurel her beloved cousin for their great love, prayers,
motivation, understanding and support to finishing this thesis.
J. Pasaribu as her uncle for motivation and support in finishing this
thesis.
Abdul Hadi, Rendhard Nugraha S.Pd, as her brother, nenek for their
caring, support and motivation.
Dessy Sari Haloho as her second sister for helping, caring, and
understanding. Christine Helena S.Pd, Aminah Ari Fadhila S.Pd, Ria
Agustina Pane and Trisnayanti Hujogo br. Nainggolan S.Ked as her
best friend for helping caring, friendship, kindness, motivation, support
and understanding in finishing this thesis.
All classmates in Regular C English Education 2010, for their helping,
friendship, kindness, during spending the time in state university of
Medan.
Mol, Ochy, Iyha, Yofi, Nova, bg Al, Bastian and the other friends in PPL
Dharma Patra 2010 for motivation and support for her.
Overall, the writer hopes this thesis can give a bit contribution to the English
Education students, and further pedagogical research.
Medan, September 2014
The writer,
Christin Hakim Pasaribu
Reg. Number 2103121006
ABSTRACT
Pasaribu, Christin Hakim, 2103121006, The Effect Of Using SWELL Method
On Students Achievement in Writing Analytical Exposition Text, a thesis
Faculty of Languages and arts state University of Medan.
The aim of study is to discover the effect of using SWELL method in Writing
Analytical Exposition Text. Experimental research design is used as the research
method. This research took place at SMA N 1 Tarutung. There were 2 each
classes chosen as the sample with 32 students in each class. Class was taken
groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was
taught by using SWELL method and control group was taught by using Direct
Learning. The instruments used to collect the data were the writing test, which
were classified into pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by using t-test
formula. The result show that the t-test was higher than t-table (3,641 >2,00) at
the level of significant 0,05 with degree of freedom (df) 62. It means that
hypothesis alternative (Ha)is accepted which shows that SWELL significantly
improve the students achievements in writing Analytical Exposition text.
Key words : SWELL Method, Writing, Analytical Exposition.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................
LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES……………………………………………..
i
ii
iii
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The Background of The Study ..................................................
The Problem of The Study........................................................
The Objective of The Study ......................................................
The Scope of The Study ...........................................................
The Significant of The Study ....................................................
1
6
6
6
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
Theoretical Framework ............................................................
Text ..........................................................................................
Students Writing Achievement .................................................
Writing .....................................................................................
1. Process of Writing ............................................................
2. Genre..................................................................................
3. Analytical Exposition .........................................................
Cooperative Learning as a Teaching Approach .......................
1. Cooperative Learning Effect .........................................
The Nature Of Method ............................................................
1. SWELL Method ...........................................................
2. The advantages of using SWELL Method .....................
Conventional Method ..............................................................
Conceptual Framework ............................................................
Hypothesis ..............................................................................
8
8
8
9
10
12
15
17
20
21
22
27
27
30
32
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A.
B.
C.
D.
Research Design ......................................................................
Population and Sample…………………………… ...................
Instrument of Collecting Data…………………………… ........
Procedure of Collecting Data……………………… .................
1. Pre-test…………………………… .....................................
2. Treatment………………………………… .........................
3. Post test…………………………………… ........................
E. Validity and Reliability of The Test………… ..........................
1. Validity of The Test………………………… .....................
2. Reliability of The Test……………………… .....................
F. Technique of Analyzing The Data………………………… ......
CHAPTER IV THE DATA ANALYSIS
33
34
35
38
38
38
41
41
41
42
43
A. Data…………………………………………… ........................
1. Data of The Pre Test and Post Test in Control Group ..........
2. Data Pre Test and Post Test in The Experimental Group……
B. Data Analysis ………………………… ....................................
1. Analyzing the data by using t-test formula .........................
2. Testing Hypothesis………………………...........................
C. Research Findings……………………………………… ..........
44
44
45
46
47
48
48
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................... 49
B. Suggestion ……………………………………………………… 49
REFERENCES…………………………………………… .................
50
APPENDIX .......................................................................................
51
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table3.3
Table 3.4
Table 3.5
Table 3.6
Table3.7
Table 3.8
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Research Design…………………………………… .......... ….. 33
Classification and Criteria …………………………………
35
Classification and Criteria ……………………………………. 36
Classification and Criteria ……………………………….… .. 36
Classification and Criteria ……………………………… ... …. 37
Classification and Criteria ………………………………… . 37
Treatment in Experimental Group … ................................... …. 37
Treatment in Control Group …………………………………
40
The Scores of Pre-Test and Post Test in Experimental Group.. 44
The Scope of Pre-Test ad Post Test in Control Group………… 45
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
Question Pre Test in Experimental and Control Group………….51
Question PreTest in Experimental and Control Group…………..52
The Score of The Pre Test and Pro Test in The Experimental
Group…………………………………………………………......53
The Score of The Pre Test and Post Test in The Control
Group…………………………………………………………….54
The Calculation of t- Test……………………………………….55
Percentage Points of The Distribution…………………………...60
Lesson Plan………………………………………………………61
Students Worksheet……………………………………………...93
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
The mean of experimental and control group in the post-test score are 70.09
and 65.06. the number of the students for each group is 30. It means that the mean
score of experimental group is higher than those of control group.
The result of calculation of t-test shows that the value of t-observed (3,641) is
higher than value of t-table (2,00). It means that the null hypothesis (ho) is
rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The hypothesis stating that the
SWELL method significantly effect the students analytical exposition accepted.
The students who are taught by using SWELL method get better score than
those who are taught by using direct learning.
B. Suggestion
As the result of the study, is suggested that :
1) It is suggested to the English teacher, it is better to applying SWELL
Method because this technique helps the students in understanding the
analytical exposition much better.
2) It is suggested to the students, with this method demands a cooperative
team so it is better if they can share ideas and information before they
write, so that by applying of SWELL Method, the students can write
analytical exposition.
REFERENCE
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to research in education . Singapore:wardswirth
Brown H. Douglas.2004. Principles of language learning and teaching. United
state of America: pearson education, inc.
Harmer. Jeremy.2004. How to teach writing . England: Longman Pearson
Education ,ed.
Heaton. J. B 1988. Writing English Language Tests. United states of America:
Longman group
Hornby. AS. 2000. Oxford advanced Learners Dictionary Of Current English.
London Oxford University press.
Hyland. Ken. 2009. Teaching And Researching Writing. United Kingdom:Pearson
Education,ed.
Arensand Richard and kilcher Ann. 2010. Teaching for students learning
becoming an accomplished teacher. New York and London: Routledge
taylor and francis Group
Pardiyono. 2007. Pasti Bisa Teaching genre-Based writing. Yogyakarta: ANDI
OFFSET
Teo, A. 2007. SWELL: A writing method to help English language learners.
Forum,45,18-25
ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to English and literature Department, Faculty of Language and
Art State University of Medan in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
CHRISTIN HAKIM PASARIBU
Reg. No. : 2103121006
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2014
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise and great gratitude to Almighty God submitted by the writer to the
Lord JESUS Christ for blessing and help to complete this thesis on time.
This thesis is arranged to fulfill the requirements for obtaining the degree
of Sarjana Pendidikan, at the English Department, Languages and Arts Faculty,
State University of Medan.
This thesis could have been completed also because of guidance,
encouragement, suggestions, and comments from some people for whom the
writer would like to extend her sincere and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si. the Rector of State University Of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Pd. ,the Dean of Faculty of Language and Arts.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. the Head of English Department, and
Dra.Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed. the Head of English Education Study
program.
Drs. Bachtiar, M.Pd, as her Thesis Consultant.
Dr.
Rahmah,
M.Hum,
Prof.Dr.Lince
Sihombing,
Prof.Dr.Hj.
Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the reviewer.
Drs. Jamuara Panggabean, the Headmaster of SMA N 1 Tarutung, and
S.Hutabarat as the English Teacher for the help that allowed the writer to
conduct her research in the class.
H.L Pasaribu and Nurita Ritonga S.Pd, her beloved parents, for both of
her beloved sisters Suci Rohani A.Md.Par and Noval Novita Pasaribu
S.Pd and Winny Aurel her beloved cousin for their great love, prayers,
motivation, understanding and support to finishing this thesis.
J. Pasaribu as her uncle for motivation and support in finishing this
thesis.
Abdul Hadi, Rendhard Nugraha S.Pd, as her brother, nenek for their
caring, support and motivation.
Dessy Sari Haloho as her second sister for helping, caring, and
understanding. Christine Helena S.Pd, Aminah Ari Fadhila S.Pd, Ria
Agustina Pane and Trisnayanti Hujogo br. Nainggolan S.Ked as her
best friend for helping caring, friendship, kindness, motivation, support
and understanding in finishing this thesis.
All classmates in Regular C English Education 2010, for their helping,
friendship, kindness, during spending the time in state university of
Medan.
Mol, Ochy, Iyha, Yofi, Nova, bg Al, Bastian and the other friends in PPL
Dharma Patra 2010 for motivation and support for her.
Overall, the writer hopes this thesis can give a bit contribution to the English
Education students, and further pedagogical research.
Medan, September 2014
The writer,
Christin Hakim Pasaribu
Reg. Number 2103121006
ABSTRACT
Pasaribu, Christin Hakim, 2103121006, The Effect Of Using SWELL Method
On Students Achievement in Writing Analytical Exposition Text, a thesis
Faculty of Languages and arts state University of Medan.
The aim of study is to discover the effect of using SWELL method in Writing
Analytical Exposition Text. Experimental research design is used as the research
method. This research took place at SMA N 1 Tarutung. There were 2 each
classes chosen as the sample with 32 students in each class. Class was taken
groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was
taught by using SWELL method and control group was taught by using Direct
Learning. The instruments used to collect the data were the writing test, which
were classified into pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by using t-test
formula. The result show that the t-test was higher than t-table (3,641 >2,00) at
the level of significant 0,05 with degree of freedom (df) 62. It means that
hypothesis alternative (Ha)is accepted which shows that SWELL significantly
improve the students achievements in writing Analytical Exposition text.
Key words : SWELL Method, Writing, Analytical Exposition.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................
LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES……………………………………………..
i
ii
iii
v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The Background of The Study ..................................................
The Problem of The Study........................................................
The Objective of The Study ......................................................
The Scope of The Study ...........................................................
The Significant of The Study ....................................................
1
6
6
6
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
Theoretical Framework ............................................................
Text ..........................................................................................
Students Writing Achievement .................................................
Writing .....................................................................................
1. Process of Writing ............................................................
2. Genre..................................................................................
3. Analytical Exposition .........................................................
Cooperative Learning as a Teaching Approach .......................
1. Cooperative Learning Effect .........................................
The Nature Of Method ............................................................
1. SWELL Method ...........................................................
2. The advantages of using SWELL Method .....................
Conventional Method ..............................................................
Conceptual Framework ............................................................
Hypothesis ..............................................................................
8
8
8
9
10
12
15
17
20
21
22
27
27
30
32
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A.
B.
C.
D.
Research Design ......................................................................
Population and Sample…………………………… ...................
Instrument of Collecting Data…………………………… ........
Procedure of Collecting Data……………………… .................
1. Pre-test…………………………… .....................................
2. Treatment………………………………… .........................
3. Post test…………………………………… ........................
E. Validity and Reliability of The Test………… ..........................
1. Validity of The Test………………………… .....................
2. Reliability of The Test……………………… .....................
F. Technique of Analyzing The Data………………………… ......
CHAPTER IV THE DATA ANALYSIS
33
34
35
38
38
38
41
41
41
42
43
A. Data…………………………………………… ........................
1. Data of The Pre Test and Post Test in Control Group ..........
2. Data Pre Test and Post Test in The Experimental Group……
B. Data Analysis ………………………… ....................................
1. Analyzing the data by using t-test formula .........................
2. Testing Hypothesis………………………...........................
C. Research Findings……………………………………… ..........
44
44
45
46
47
48
48
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................... 49
B. Suggestion ……………………………………………………… 49
REFERENCES…………………………………………… .................
50
APPENDIX .......................................................................................
51
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table3.3
Table 3.4
Table 3.5
Table 3.6
Table3.7
Table 3.8
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Research Design…………………………………… .......... ….. 33
Classification and Criteria …………………………………
35
Classification and Criteria ……………………………………. 36
Classification and Criteria ……………………………….… .. 36
Classification and Criteria ……………………………… ... …. 37
Classification and Criteria ………………………………… . 37
Treatment in Experimental Group … ................................... …. 37
Treatment in Control Group …………………………………
40
The Scores of Pre-Test and Post Test in Experimental Group.. 44
The Scope of Pre-Test ad Post Test in Control Group………… 45
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
Question Pre Test in Experimental and Control Group………….51
Question PreTest in Experimental and Control Group…………..52
The Score of The Pre Test and Pro Test in The Experimental
Group…………………………………………………………......53
The Score of The Pre Test and Post Test in The Control
Group…………………………………………………………….54
The Calculation of t- Test……………………………………….55
Percentage Points of The Distribution…………………………...60
Lesson Plan………………………………………………………61
Students Worksheet……………………………………………...93
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
The mean of experimental and control group in the post-test score are 70.09
and 65.06. the number of the students for each group is 30. It means that the mean
score of experimental group is higher than those of control group.
The result of calculation of t-test shows that the value of t-observed (3,641) is
higher than value of t-table (2,00). It means that the null hypothesis (ho) is
rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The hypothesis stating that the
SWELL method significantly effect the students analytical exposition accepted.
The students who are taught by using SWELL method get better score than
those who are taught by using direct learning.
B. Suggestion
As the result of the study, is suggested that :
1) It is suggested to the English teacher, it is better to applying SWELL
Method because this technique helps the students in understanding the
analytical exposition much better.
2) It is suggested to the students, with this method demands a cooperative
team so it is better if they can share ideas and information before they
write, so that by applying of SWELL Method, the students can write
analytical exposition.
REFERENCE
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to research in education . Singapore:wardswirth
Brown H. Douglas.2004. Principles of language learning and teaching. United
state of America: pearson education, inc.
Harmer. Jeremy.2004. How to teach writing . England: Longman Pearson
Education ,ed.
Heaton. J. B 1988. Writing English Language Tests. United states of America:
Longman group
Hornby. AS. 2000. Oxford advanced Learners Dictionary Of Current English.
London Oxford University press.
Hyland. Ken. 2009. Teaching And Researching Writing. United Kingdom:Pearson
Education,ed.
Arensand Richard and kilcher Ann. 2010. Teaching for students learning
becoming an accomplished teacher. New York and London: Routledge
taylor and francis Group
Pardiyono. 2007. Pasti Bisa Teaching genre-Based writing. Yogyakarta: ANDI
OFFSET
Teo, A. 2007. SWELL: A writing method to help English language learners.
Forum,45,18-25