Budaya Membaca di Indonesia.
GAW
ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
o
17
19
o
OPeb
o
Selasa
20
21
Mar
OApr
o
Rabu
6
5
4
3
18
eJan
o
Senin
2
7
22
OJun
Jumat
e
11
12
10
24
23
OMei
o
Kamis
9
8
25
26
Minggu
@
13
27
0 Ags
OJul
o
Sabtu
28
OSep
15
29
OOkt
16
31
30
ONov
ODes
Budaya Membaca
di Indonesia,
,
B
UKU a d a l a h
je n d e la
d u n ia . K a lim a ty a n g
a ta s . H a s iln y a s u n g g u Ii m e n g e -
se-
ju tk a n .
rin g k ita d e n g a r d a ri k e -
S ebesar
penduduk
9 0 ,2 7
m e n y u k a i m e n o n to n
p e rse n
yang
c il h in g g a d e w a s a . T a n p a h a ru s
dan hanya
b e rk e lilin g d u n ia , d e n g a n m e m -
m enyenangi
baca buku
e a s u ra t k a b a r a ta u m a ja la h .
k ita d a p a t
ta h u i s e s u a tu
k a n te n ta n g
m enge-
y a n g m e n a k ju b -
to r u n tu k m e n in g k a tk a n
ta s h id u p
m a n u s ia .
kebodohan
ja u h k a n
k u a li-
M em baca
ju g a d a p a t m e n ja u h k a n
ju ra n g
k a k i t a m e l i h a t n e g a r a J e p a n g ,d i
s a la h s a tu fa k -
dan
m en-
p u la d a ri k e m is k in a n .
N am un,
m engapa
tid a k
d im in a ti
besar
m a sy a ra k a t
In d o n e s ia ?
d a n s o lu s in y a .
s ir O rg a n is a tio n
C o -o p e ra tio n
a n d D e v e lo p m e n t
(O E C D ) p a d a ta h u n
2 0 0 9 , 'k e -
m am puan
.
A S E A N la in n y a , y a itu S in g a p u -
k e lilin g
ra (2 6 ), B ru n e i (3 3 ), M a la y s ia
m e rin ta h
(6 1 ), T h a ila n d
g a i te ro b o s a n
(1 0 3 ), d a n F ilip -
yang
u n tu k m e n u m b u h
V ie tn a m (1 2 8 ), L a o s (1 3 8 ), K a m -
d o ro n g
dengan
b o ja (1 3 9 ), d a n M y a n m a r (1 4 9 ).
u n tu k
m e w u ju d k a n
ta , k e re ta lis trik , d a n d i te m p a t-
H a l in i m e n u n ju k k a n
te rs e b u t,
te m p a t u m u m
s e lu ru h a n
k u a lita s
In d o n e s ia
m a s ih te rg o lo n g re n -
m em baca
la in n y a . M e re k a
m em baw a
d a h , w a lu p u n
m u n , b a g i s e b a g ia n o ra n g d i In -
n a ik a n
d o n e ia m e m b a c a d a p a tm e n ja d i
b e lu m n y a .
k e g ia ta n
yang
m em bo-
d a n m e n je n u h k a n .
B i-
bahw a kem a n u s ia
m e n g a la m i
d ib a n d in g
ta h u n
di
kese-
d ia a n
h in g g a
ngan m udah
D engan
k u a lita s
m a n u s ia
y a n g m a s ih te rg o lo n g
re n d a h ,
m a m p u b e rs a in g d i d u n ia g lo b -
s e s u a tu
a l. P a d a h a l d e n g a n ju m la h p e n -
m e lib a tk a n k e te ra l
p ila n m e m -
b a c a s e k a lig u s lin
ungan yang
m in a t m e m -
b a c a d ik a la n g a n m a s y a ra k a tIn -
c a t a t 3 4 ,5 p e r s e n
m a sy a ra k a t
d o n e s ia . M in a t m e m b a c a
In d o n e s ia
b u ta
d itu m b u h k a n
L a p o ra n
H um an
m e n t In d e x
D e v e lo p -
(H D I) ta h u n
S ta tis tik (B P S ) p a d a ta h u n y a n g
y a n g d ik e lu a rk a n
s a m a , y a n g d irilis u n tu k m e n g e -
N a tio n s D e v e lo p m e n t
ta h u i s e b e ra p a b e s a r m in a t p e n -
(U N D P )
duduk
In d o n e s ia
d u a a k tiv ita s ,
dan m em baca.
S u rv e i d ila k u k a n
kepada
pen-
d u d u k y a n g b e ru s ia 1 0 ta h u n k e
in g k a t
p e rlu
s e ja k u s ia d in i.
T h e U n ite d
m e n u n ju k k a n
b e ra d a
1 2 4 d a ri
d u n ia . P e rin g k a t
d a h d ib a n d in g
2011
P ro g ra m
bahw a
d a la m
p e r-
1 8 7 n e g a ra
di
in i le b ih re n -
d e n g a n 5 n e g a ra
Kllplng
Humas
yang m encapai
240
jiw a
p a t m e n ja d i
dan
k u ra n g
(1 9 9 8 ) m in a t
d ita m b a h
s a la h s a tu n e g a ra
bac
m e ru p a k a n
y a n g k o m p le k s ,
m e m b e n tu k
te rh a d a p
in g O u t R ig h t
m e n o n to n
tebth m e n a r i k dan t i d a k m e m -
tid a k
pakan
y a itu m e n o n to n
buku-
In d o n e s ia
s u d a h s e p a tu tn y a In d o n e s ia d a -
den-
de-
M . S u sa n B u rn s d a -
k e k a y a a n a la m y a n g b e rlim p a h ,
P usat
se-
dapat
a s a n y a o ra n g le b ih s u k a u n tu k
te le v is i d ik a re n a k a n
d ik h a w a tirk a n
M e n u ru t
u ta m a k u ra n g n y a
B adan
bagi
m am pu,
m engakses
la m b u k u n y a S t
a n g g o ta -
b e rb e d a
g ra tis
tid a k
b u k u te rs e b u t.
s is i 5 7 d a ri 6 2 n e g a ra
su rv e i
budaya
m a sy a ra k a t
duduk
H a l in i tid a k ja u h
a y a la in n y a
b u k u -b u k u
m a sy a ra k a t
le b ih
g a n h a s il
u
y a itu m e la lu i p e n y e -
b o s a n k a n . M a h a ln y a h a rg a b u k u
h u ru f.
a n m in a t b a -
s a n g a t m u d a h d ite m u i d i b u s k o -
ju g a m e n ja d i s a la h s a tu p ro b le m
m a s ih
y a n ~ s a n g a t b a ik
c a . N a m u n h a l in i [u g a p e rlu d i-
In -
pada po-
O E C D ju g a m e n -
peseba-
d o n e s ia te ta p le b ih tin g g i d i a ta s
k e h id u p a n
d e m ik ia n
m a sy a ra -
nya. B ahkan
d ip ra k a rs a i
b o le h d ib ila n g
b e ra d a
m em baca
k a t In d o n e s ia
e a d i k a la n g P e rp u s ta k a a n
se-
d a la m
sankan
fo r E c o n o m ic
m em b
a n m a s y a ra k a t.
b u tu h a n
s u a tu
B e rd a s a rk a n d a ta y a n g d ila n -
k e b ia s a a n
in a (1 1 2 ). N a m u n
b u k u d i s e tia p a k tiv ita s n y a . N a -
d ic a ri a k a r p e r-
p e n tin g d a la m m e m b u d a y a k a n
ke-
tid a k e n g g a n u n tu k
o le h s e b a g a ia n
In i y a n g p e rlu
m a s a la h a n
m em baca
MUAMMAR WlCAKSONO
p e r-
j , g a ta k k a la h
m a n a m e m b a c a m e ru p a k a n
h a ri-h a ri. O ra n g y a n g
k ita d a ri
a n p e m e rin ta h
a k tiv ita s m e m b a -
H a l in i s a n g a t b e rb e d a ja u h ji-
d u n ia lu a r. M e m -
b a c a m e ru p a k a n
1 8 ,9 4
a n a k s e d a r i k e c i l .T e n t u n y a
Oleh
p e rse n
m e lin g k u p in y a .
yang
F a ilita s m e ru -
s a la h s a tu fa k to r
m a sy a ra k a t
u n tu k
gem ar
m em baca. D engan
em bangun
b e s a r d i d u n ia . O le h k a re n a itu ,
fa s ilita s y a n g m e m
dai sebagai
m enum buhkan
sa ra n a
budaya
m em -
u n tu k
m em baca,
b a c a s a n g a t p e n tin g , te rle b ih b a -
m a sy a ra k a t
g i g e n e ra s i m u d a y a n g m e n ja d i
tu k . J a d i, s u d a h s e
u ju n g
m e rin ta h
to m b a k
k e h id u p a n
b a n g sa d a n n e g a ra .
te ru ta m a
d u a o ra n g tu a
u n tu k
buhkan
m em baca
m in a t
Onpad
2011
ke-
m em buat
m enu m pada
ra k a t te rta rik
b e rk u n ju n g .
m aka
p a t te rb e n -
kaan yang nyam an
S e la in itu , p e rlu a d a n y a p e ra n d a ri k e lu a rg a ,
baca
a ru sn y a p e p e rp u s ta gar m asya-
d a n b e ta h
T e n tu n y a
u n tu k
p ro m o si
y a n g b e s a r ju g a p e d u d ila k u k a n
o le h p e m e rin ta h
te h a d a p p e r-
p u s ta k a a n -p e rp u s ta k a a n ,
k a re -
n a
tid a k
b a n y a k
ta h u
d a ri
b a h w a
p ro v in s i,
p u s ta k a a n
s e b e n a rn y a
p e r-
u rn u rn
s e b a g a i
te rn -
a p a b ila
d e n g a n
te n tu
s a n g a t
s e p e rti
y a n g
p e rn e rin ta h
rn e n y e d ia k a n
a s in g
n a
b u k u -b u k u
k u a lita s
y a n g
s ia ,
k ita
k e ta h u i,
d a la rn
te rte n tu
b a n y a k
b id a n g
b e lu rn
te ra k o rn o d a s i
te ru ta rn a
H a l
k u -b u k u
te n tu
s a n g a t
s e b a b
s e c a ra
a s in g
d u n ia
b u -
rn a h a l
rn e n d a p a tk a n n y a
b e lu rn
u rn u rn .
te rs e b u t
m e n a m b a h
ta n g
p e n d i-
d ik a re n a k a n
rn u d a h ,
d iju a l
k u -b u k u
p a t
d a n
tid a k
o le h
In d o n e -
d i b id a n g
in i
a s in g
h a rg a n y a
p u n
b a ik
b e r m a n f a a t.K a r e -
p e n g a ra n g -p e n g a ra n g
d ik a n .
d e -
b a n y a k
in fo rm a s i.
B a h k a n
h a l-h a l
d i tia p
b a h k a n
p u n
s u rn b e r
d a p a t
y a n g
k a b u p a te n
s a /k e lu ra h a n
p a t
k ita
ju g a
w a w a s a n
lu a r
d e n g a n
B u d a te n -
le b ih
rn e n d a la rn .
D e n g a n
k a n
p ih a k
u n tu k
b u d a y a
tid a k
d a n
tid a k
w a s a n
d a p a t
la n s ia .
d i In d o n e s ia ,
-a n a k
o ra n g
S e b a b
k u a lita s
d a p a t
d a n
d e w a -
rn e rn b a c a
rn e rn b e rik a n
ta p iju g a
k a tk a n
s e rn u a
rn e w u ju d k a n
b a g i a n a k
rn e la in k a n
h a n y a
d ih a ra p -
d a ri
rn e rn b a c a
h a n y a
re rn a ja ,
s a
d e rn ik ia n ,
k e b e rs a rn a a n
w a -
m e n in g -
rn a n u s ia
d i
In -
(Penulis, mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Unpad Bandung)**
d o n e s ia .
ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
o
17
19
o
OPeb
o
Selasa
20
21
Mar
OApr
o
Rabu
6
5
4
3
18
eJan
o
Senin
2
7
22
OJun
Jumat
e
11
12
10
24
23
OMei
o
Kamis
9
8
25
26
Minggu
@
13
27
0 Ags
OJul
o
Sabtu
28
OSep
15
29
OOkt
16
31
30
ONov
ODes
Budaya Membaca
di Indonesia,
,
B
UKU a d a l a h
je n d e la
d u n ia . K a lim a ty a n g
a ta s . H a s iln y a s u n g g u Ii m e n g e -
se-
ju tk a n .
rin g k ita d e n g a r d a ri k e -
S ebesar
penduduk
9 0 ,2 7
m e n y u k a i m e n o n to n
p e rse n
yang
c il h in g g a d e w a s a . T a n p a h a ru s
dan hanya
b e rk e lilin g d u n ia , d e n g a n m e m -
m enyenangi
baca buku
e a s u ra t k a b a r a ta u m a ja la h .
k ita d a p a t
ta h u i s e s u a tu
k a n te n ta n g
m enge-
y a n g m e n a k ju b -
to r u n tu k m e n in g k a tk a n
ta s h id u p
m a n u s ia .
kebodohan
ja u h k a n
k u a li-
M em baca
ju g a d a p a t m e n ja u h k a n
ju ra n g
k a k i t a m e l i h a t n e g a r a J e p a n g ,d i
s a la h s a tu fa k -
dan
m en-
p u la d a ri k e m is k in a n .
N am un,
m engapa
tid a k
d im in a ti
besar
m a sy a ra k a t
In d o n e s ia ?
d a n s o lu s in y a .
s ir O rg a n is a tio n
C o -o p e ra tio n
a n d D e v e lo p m e n t
(O E C D ) p a d a ta h u n
2 0 0 9 , 'k e -
m am puan
.
A S E A N la in n y a , y a itu S in g a p u -
k e lilin g
ra (2 6 ), B ru n e i (3 3 ), M a la y s ia
m e rin ta h
(6 1 ), T h a ila n d
g a i te ro b o s a n
(1 0 3 ), d a n F ilip -
yang
u n tu k m e n u m b u h
V ie tn a m (1 2 8 ), L a o s (1 3 8 ), K a m -
d o ro n g
dengan
b o ja (1 3 9 ), d a n M y a n m a r (1 4 9 ).
u n tu k
m e w u ju d k a n
ta , k e re ta lis trik , d a n d i te m p a t-
H a l in i m e n u n ju k k a n
te rs e b u t,
te m p a t u m u m
s e lu ru h a n
k u a lita s
In d o n e s ia
m a s ih te rg o lo n g re n -
m em baca
la in n y a . M e re k a
m em baw a
d a h , w a lu p u n
m u n , b a g i s e b a g ia n o ra n g d i In -
n a ik a n
d o n e ia m e m b a c a d a p a tm e n ja d i
b e lu m n y a .
k e g ia ta n
yang
m em bo-
d a n m e n je n u h k a n .
B i-
bahw a kem a n u s ia
m e n g a la m i
d ib a n d in g
ta h u n
di
kese-
d ia a n
h in g g a
ngan m udah
D engan
k u a lita s
m a n u s ia
y a n g m a s ih te rg o lo n g
re n d a h ,
m a m p u b e rs a in g d i d u n ia g lo b -
s e s u a tu
a l. P a d a h a l d e n g a n ju m la h p e n -
m e lib a tk a n k e te ra l
p ila n m e m -
b a c a s e k a lig u s lin
ungan yang
m in a t m e m -
b a c a d ik a la n g a n m a s y a ra k a tIn -
c a t a t 3 4 ,5 p e r s e n
m a sy a ra k a t
d o n e s ia . M in a t m e m b a c a
In d o n e s ia
b u ta
d itu m b u h k a n
L a p o ra n
H um an
m e n t In d e x
D e v e lo p -
(H D I) ta h u n
S ta tis tik (B P S ) p a d a ta h u n y a n g
y a n g d ik e lu a rk a n
s a m a , y a n g d irilis u n tu k m e n g e -
N a tio n s D e v e lo p m e n t
ta h u i s e b e ra p a b e s a r m in a t p e n -
(U N D P )
duduk
In d o n e s ia
d u a a k tiv ita s ,
dan m em baca.
S u rv e i d ila k u k a n
kepada
pen-
d u d u k y a n g b e ru s ia 1 0 ta h u n k e
in g k a t
p e rlu
s e ja k u s ia d in i.
T h e U n ite d
m e n u n ju k k a n
b e ra d a
1 2 4 d a ri
d u n ia . P e rin g k a t
d a h d ib a n d in g
2011
P ro g ra m
bahw a
d a la m
p e r-
1 8 7 n e g a ra
di
in i le b ih re n -
d e n g a n 5 n e g a ra
Kllplng
Humas
yang m encapai
240
jiw a
p a t m e n ja d i
dan
k u ra n g
(1 9 9 8 ) m in a t
d ita m b a h
s a la h s a tu n e g a ra
bac
m e ru p a k a n
y a n g k o m p le k s ,
m e m b e n tu k
te rh a d a p
in g O u t R ig h t
m e n o n to n
tebth m e n a r i k dan t i d a k m e m -
tid a k
pakan
y a itu m e n o n to n
buku-
In d o n e s ia
s u d a h s e p a tu tn y a In d o n e s ia d a -
den-
de-
M . S u sa n B u rn s d a -
k e k a y a a n a la m y a n g b e rlim p a h ,
P usat
se-
dapat
a s a n y a o ra n g le b ih s u k a u n tu k
te le v is i d ik a re n a k a n
d ik h a w a tirk a n
M e n u ru t
u ta m a k u ra n g n y a
B adan
bagi
m am pu,
m engakses
la m b u k u n y a S t
a n g g o ta -
b e rb e d a
g ra tis
tid a k
b u k u te rs e b u t.
s is i 5 7 d a ri 6 2 n e g a ra
su rv e i
budaya
m a sy a ra k a t
duduk
H a l in i tid a k ja u h
a y a la in n y a
b u k u -b u k u
m a sy a ra k a t
le b ih
g a n h a s il
u
y a itu m e la lu i p e n y e -
b o s a n k a n . M a h a ln y a h a rg a b u k u
h u ru f.
a n m in a t b a -
s a n g a t m u d a h d ite m u i d i b u s k o -
ju g a m e n ja d i s a la h s a tu p ro b le m
m a s ih
y a n ~ s a n g a t b a ik
c a . N a m u n h a l in i [u g a p e rlu d i-
In -
pada po-
O E C D ju g a m e n -
peseba-
d o n e s ia te ta p le b ih tin g g i d i a ta s
k e h id u p a n
d e m ik ia n
m a sy a ra -
nya. B ahkan
d ip ra k a rs a i
b o le h d ib ila n g
b e ra d a
m em baca
k a t In d o n e s ia
e a d i k a la n g P e rp u s ta k a a n
se-
d a la m
sankan
fo r E c o n o m ic
m em b
a n m a s y a ra k a t.
b u tu h a n
s u a tu
B e rd a s a rk a n d a ta y a n g d ila n -
k e b ia s a a n
in a (1 1 2 ). N a m u n
b u k u d i s e tia p a k tiv ita s n y a . N a -
d ic a ri a k a r p e r-
p e n tin g d a la m m e m b u d a y a k a n
ke-
tid a k e n g g a n u n tu k
o le h s e b a g a ia n
In i y a n g p e rlu
m a s a la h a n
m em baca
MUAMMAR WlCAKSONO
p e r-
j , g a ta k k a la h
m a n a m e m b a c a m e ru p a k a n
h a ri-h a ri. O ra n g y a n g
k ita d a ri
a n p e m e rin ta h
a k tiv ita s m e m b a -
H a l in i s a n g a t b e rb e d a ja u h ji-
d u n ia lu a r. M e m -
b a c a m e ru p a k a n
1 8 ,9 4
a n a k s e d a r i k e c i l .T e n t u n y a
Oleh
p e rse n
m e lin g k u p in y a .
yang
F a ilita s m e ru -
s a la h s a tu fa k to r
m a sy a ra k a t
u n tu k
gem ar
m em baca. D engan
em bangun
b e s a r d i d u n ia . O le h k a re n a itu ,
fa s ilita s y a n g m e m
dai sebagai
m enum buhkan
sa ra n a
budaya
m em -
u n tu k
m em baca,
b a c a s a n g a t p e n tin g , te rle b ih b a -
m a sy a ra k a t
g i g e n e ra s i m u d a y a n g m e n ja d i
tu k . J a d i, s u d a h s e
u ju n g
m e rin ta h
to m b a k
k e h id u p a n
b a n g sa d a n n e g a ra .
te ru ta m a
d u a o ra n g tu a
u n tu k
buhkan
m em baca
m in a t
Onpad
2011
ke-
m em buat
m enu m pada
ra k a t te rta rik
b e rk u n ju n g .
m aka
p a t te rb e n -
kaan yang nyam an
S e la in itu , p e rlu a d a n y a p e ra n d a ri k e lu a rg a ,
baca
a ru sn y a p e p e rp u s ta gar m asya-
d a n b e ta h
T e n tu n y a
u n tu k
p ro m o si
y a n g b e s a r ju g a p e d u d ila k u k a n
o le h p e m e rin ta h
te h a d a p p e r-
p u s ta k a a n -p e rp u s ta k a a n ,
k a re -
n a
tid a k
b a n y a k
ta h u
d a ri
b a h w a
p ro v in s i,
p u s ta k a a n
s e b e n a rn y a
p e r-
u rn u rn
s e b a g a i
te rn -
a p a b ila
d e n g a n
te n tu
s a n g a t
s e p e rti
y a n g
p e rn e rin ta h
rn e n y e d ia k a n
a s in g
n a
b u k u -b u k u
k u a lita s
y a n g
s ia ,
k ita
k e ta h u i,
d a la rn
te rte n tu
b a n y a k
b id a n g
b e lu rn
te ra k o rn o d a s i
te ru ta rn a
H a l
k u -b u k u
te n tu
s a n g a t
s e b a b
s e c a ra
a s in g
d u n ia
b u -
rn a h a l
rn e n d a p a tk a n n y a
b e lu rn
u rn u rn .
te rs e b u t
m e n a m b a h
ta n g
p e n d i-
d ik a re n a k a n
rn u d a h ,
d iju a l
k u -b u k u
p a t
d a n
tid a k
o le h
In d o n e -
d i b id a n g
in i
a s in g
h a rg a n y a
p u n
b a ik
b e r m a n f a a t.K a r e -
p e n g a ra n g -p e n g a ra n g
d ik a n .
d e -
b a n y a k
in fo rm a s i.
B a h k a n
h a l-h a l
d i tia p
b a h k a n
p u n
s u rn b e r
d a p a t
y a n g
k a b u p a te n
s a /k e lu ra h a n
p a t
k ita
ju g a
w a w a s a n
lu a r
d e n g a n
B u d a te n -
le b ih
rn e n d a la rn .
D e n g a n
k a n
p ih a k
u n tu k
b u d a y a
tid a k
d a n
tid a k
w a s a n
d a p a t
la n s ia .
d i In d o n e s ia ,
-a n a k
o ra n g
S e b a b
k u a lita s
d a p a t
d a n
d e w a -
rn e rn b a c a
rn e rn b e rik a n
ta p iju g a
k a tk a n
s e rn u a
rn e w u ju d k a n
b a g i a n a k
rn e la in k a n
h a n y a
d ih a ra p -
d a ri
rn e rn b a c a
h a n y a
re rn a ja ,
s a
d e rn ik ia n ,
k e b e rs a rn a a n
w a -
m e n in g -
rn a n u s ia
d i
In -
(Penulis, mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Unpad Bandung)**
d o n e s ia .