5 their hard life and maintaining friendship, although they are the wives of one man
who usually live jealously each other. The second is for the reader. By reading this study, hopefully the readers
can know the meaning of friendship and learn about life experience which is totally awesome. They would be able to reveal the messages from the novel.
Moreover, they can also learn many things about friendship. They would realize that friendship gives strong influence to human actions. Friendship is a piece
power of doing action in this life The third is for the teachers and the students. This study will provide the
suggestion of studying this novel. It may be helpful because it gives additional information in studying the novel, especially about the major character and her
life experiences. Finally, for other researchers who plan on conducting a study on Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns, it hopefully can help as a basic
reference to write a thesis on literature concerning friendship.
E. Definition of Term
In order to avoid misinterpretation, it is better to know several terms that are used in this discussion.
1. Character
It is very essential to understand what character is because character has an important role in the novel. Character gives descriptions and imaginations about
the story for the readers through the actions.
6 Abrams 24 says that the word character means “a person represented in a
dramatic or narrative work who is interpreted by the reader as being endowed with moral and dispositional qualities that is expressed in what he says –dialogue-
and by what he does –the actions.” So, the readers can imagine the story deeper by understanding the characters of the novel.
2. Friendship
Friendship is a kind of relationships. Baron and Byrne 278 say that friendship is a relationship in which friends spend a great deal of time together,
interact in variety of situations, exclude others from the relationship, and provide emotional support to one another. Robert J Morton says that “Friendship is a
mutual intimacy of mind which we all naturally crave.” Friendship is built naturally, because it happens uncontrollably. James and Savary 141 say that
close friendship require intimacy. They require a candid person-to-person relationship of and trust, without exploitation and without the psychological
games that people usually play. 3. Motivation
People have motivation in every action of their life. Motivation directly appears from the thought invisibly. In a friendship, it must be a motivation that
becomes the reason of why two people or more have a special relationship. Motivation is the concept we use when we describe the forces acting on or within
an organism to initiate and direct behaviour Petri 3. In this study, motivation refers to Mariam and Laila’s motivation in having friendship.
7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
