b. Factors Influencing Perception
There are four important factors which can affect someone to have perception towards something Altman et al, 1985:86-90. They are:
1. Selection of
S
timuli Each person selects certain stimuli. The selction of stimuli will be different
from one person to another. The different selection of stimuli because of each
person has different interest towards something.
2. Organization of stimuli
The selected stimuli should be organized in order to be meaningful. Altman, et al p: 87 states that perceptual organization of information can help us categorize
sensory inputs. The categorization will make the complexity of the information become simpler until a person can interpret the stimuli as meaningful information.
3. The situation
Each person has different expectation towards a situation happened around him or her. The expectation toward a situation may affect what he or she perceived
Altman et al, p: 89. Altman et. al add that familiarity with the situation and a person’s past experience also affect what he or she perceived.
4. Self Concept
The next factor which influences someone’s perception is self concept. Altman et al p: 90 define self-concept as the way someone perceives his or herself. The
way people feel and see themselves will affect their perception of surrounding. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Altman et al add that self-concept is very important because it will determine what a person perceives and do. For example, a student who feels that he or she is
an independent person, he or she will enjoy and like to be in the environment which requires his or her independence, as in the implementation of independence
learning which requires the students’ independence in learning the material. The students’ self-concepts can shape their like or dislike towards the implementation
of independent learning.
B. Theoretical Framework
Autonomy is considered as an effective learning in language learning Dafei, 2007: 2 Benson, 2001: 2 Autonomy in learning is defined as the capacity to
take charge of or responsible for the learners’ own learning Holec, 1979:3. An autonomous learner is considered has capability in understanding the purpose of
learning or able to direct the whole learning, selecting method and material in learning, choosing criteria for evaluation, actively engaging in learning and
exploring freedom. In order to create autonomous learner, teacher has to provide a kind of learning which exercised those capability of autonomous learner. In this
regard, autonomous learning should give the students enough practices on determining the aims of the learning, selecting method of the learning, choosing
the material supporting their learning and evaluating their progress. As consequences of implementing autonomous learning, there are changes of
the teacher’s roles, students’ roles and objectives of the learning. Since autonomous learning is learning in which the students take greater control of
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