INTRODUCTION Direct Seeding Plantation Rice System Is One Of Alternative In Agriculture Water Conservation Management Engineering At Farm Level.

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I. INTRODUCTION

Paddy Oryza sativa is dominantly on Asia crop, which is requires an effective water management practice during its growth periode. In the Asia region, Indonesia is one of the major paddy producing country ,although the average yield reported is only 5 tonha. One of reasoning the low yield is due to the inadequate supply of water; hence in order to maximize the production and irrigation water application system as a whole, researcher should be found of new plantation rice system such as effective water management. Irrigation is the artificial supply of water to the soil for the purpose of increased crop production. In many parts of the world the amount and timing of rainfall are inadequate and inappropriate to meet the moisture requirement of crops, and irrigation becomes essential to raise crops near to their maximum yield in such areas. The demand for water in various sectors is increasing day by day, due the climate change water is no longer considered to be an unlimited resources, so its efficient utilization in agriculture demands very careful study. In general the water requirement of low land rice such as paddy needs 1 litresecondha, but the planning for the improvement of the development of irrigation should be different to the historical kind of agricultural uses, environment such as soil physics, the size of land, climate conditions especially rainfall, growing stage periode and paddy varieties. Indonesia have two season; these are wet season and dry season.During the dry season, irrigation water availability is limited for crop production so the efficient and judicous use of this water is neccesary in order to get maximum crop yields. For the optimum paddy growth needs to optimise the allocation of water and reducing the amount of water needed for irrigation efficiency with create new technology of water conservation engineering that are available for low land rice. Nurpilihan 2000, was carried out the reseach on Study of The Influence of Water Flooding to the Growth, Yield and Water Management of Direct Seeding Plantation Rice System 4

II. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Water Requirement For Low Land Rice