Other Findings 1. Listening Journal Limitation

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions

From the study, it was understood that Listening Journal does not necessarily contribute improving effects to Participants’ Listening Comprehension Skill. It was also discovered that Listening Journal is able to encourage participants to improve their listening capacity. However, the encouragement from the use of Listening Journal, in this study, did not increase Participants’ Listening Comprehension Skills. It was also understood from the study that Listening Journal does contribute beneficial effects to Participants’ Learning Autonomy. Listening Journal had driven participants to possess Self Awareness and Self Direction. Furthermore, it even fosters participant’s learning autonomy up to an initial phase of Self-Regulation. The initial phase is Self-Monitor. However, there was no evidence of Self-Assessment and Self-Management. Some other findings related to the use of Listening Journal were also discovered. It was discovered that participants found writing Listening Journal monotonous and that that the more challenging a text or task was, the more participants wrote in the Listening Journal. In addition, participants’ learning style also affected the depth of a Listening Journal.

B. Implications for Teaching

Teachers interested in using the Listening Journal as part of classroom routines should consider the variety of questions in the reflection sheets to avoid overly 48 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 49 monotonous journal writing. In order for students to keep useful journal, it is also necessary to pay attention to progressively increasing difficulty level of task and text to maintain challenge and impressions in the listening activity. Additionally, not less important is an investigation of learner’s style of their preferred way of expressing themselves. As it was found that Listening Journal did not necessarily improve participant’s listening comprehension skills, the use of Listening Journal should serve as an accompaniment to a Listening Class which provides opportunities for learners to learn and practice listening processing strategies. Teachers who are willing to foster learning autonomy, further than initial Self-Regulation, should be cautious that the use of Listening Journal may not fulfill the demand to maintain the cycle of Self-Regulation to further maintain Learning Autonomy. More learning activity focusing on metacognitive strategies may be a good company for the use of Listening Journal.

C. Suggestions for Future Research

As this study does not attempt to validate the effectiveness of the use of Listening Journal, further research in finding out the effectiveness of the use of Listening Journal is highly recommended. Also, as this study does not seek the correlation between the extent of learning autonomy of a learner and learner’s comprehension skills improvement, quantitative research addressing these variables is recommended. As a final point, the use of Listening Journal, particularly in bigger classroom, remains an issue to be further investigated. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 50 REFERENCES Ajisuksmo, Clara. R.P.Y. 1996. Self-regulated learning in Indonesian Higher Education: A Study carried out at Atmajaya Catholic University in Jakarta. Jakarta: Atma Jaya Research Centre Ary, Donald., Jacobs, L. C., Razavieh, A. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. Belmont: Wadsworth Group: A Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Benson, Phil. 2003. Learning Autonomy in Language Classroom. In D. Nunan Ed., Practical English Language Teaching. New York: McGraw-Hill Contemporary - McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Block, David. 1997. Learning by Listening to Language Learners. System, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 347-260, 1997. Brown, Douglas. 2001. Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy 2nd ed.. San Fransisco: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Clark, Herbert. H. and Clark, Eve. V. 1977. Psychology and Language: An Introduction to Psycholinguistics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. Goh, C., Taib, Y. 2006. Metacognitive instruction in listening for young learners. ELT Journal , 60 3, 222. Helgesen, Marc. 2003. Listening. In D. Nunan Ed., Practical English Language Teaching. New York: McGraw-Hill Contemporary - McGraw-Hill Companies ,Inc. Littlewood, William. 1996. Autonomy: An Anatomy and A Framework. System, Vol.24 No.4, pp.427-435 1996. McDonough, J. and S. McDonough. 1997. Research Methods for English Language Teachers. London: Arnold Publisher. Myers, J. 2001. Self-evaluation of the stream of thought journal writing. system , 481-488. Pusat Kurikulum. 2002. Kurikulum dan Kegiatan Hasil Belajar – Rumpun Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Retrieved November, 2003 from http:www.puskur.or.id Rivers, William. P. 2001. Autonomy at All Cost: An Ethnography of Metacognitive Self-Assessment and Self-Management among Experienced Language