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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology employed in this research. The discussion would be about the research method, research participants, research
instruments, setting, research procedure, process of analyzing the data and the like which constitutes this chapter.
A. Method
The research was Qualitative in nature. The reason for using this method was that the Effect of Writing Listening Journal on Learners Listening Comprehension
Skills and on Learners’ Learning Autonomy could be well understood not by numerical data, but through descriptive data. It means that this research was not
meant to verify or interfere with existing body of theories not is it to generate new theories. Qualitative approach is used because this research attempts to describe
particular phenomena occurring in reality from which qualitative data could be derived.
The main data to consider was the listening journal itself. As such, the researcher used Document Analysis. Document Analysis would allow the researcher
to “focus on analyzing and interpreting recorded materials within its own context” Ary, Jacobs, Razavieh, 2002. In addition, observation during the activity was
proven to be important. Observation also added to more comprehensive knowledge on the issue. Such is the case because recorded observation could function as quick,
complete and objective reference whenever more details needed.
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The other techniques used in this study functions mostly to counter arguments that say mere unstructured observational methods diminish the reliability of the
findings. Techniques such as interview would lend more credibility to the findings of the study.
Qualitative method is, therefore, best for such nature of the data. It also allows interpretative treatment which may bring us to different perspective important in
understanding the nature of the data generated from the observation. Apart from all that, it could provide for further research detail descriptions future investigators may
want to clarify and verify such as that is for their action research Ary et al, 2002.
B. Research Participants
Method of sampling used in the research is Purposive Sampling. Three students were selected to be studied. Each of the students was distinct from one
another in their capacity of English proficiency. Respectively, the first student represents high-level students, the second for intermediate-level and the last for low-
level students. The selection and judgment of the participants’ relative capacity was given participants’ teacher in their high school upon intense discussion with the
corresponding teacher. To clarify their teacher judgment, confirmation on their position relative to
each other was conducted through a pre-test. Helgesen 2003 has provided a continuum of authenticity. The researcher took the highest standard of authenticity.
It would mean that the listening pre-test would be at normal speed, at adequate length and appropriate level of vocabulary. The listening transcripts of all listening
materials, as well as the tasks involved, are attached herein See Appendix C. The PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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