88
Twilight movie. The second research problem was aimed to find out the factors
affecting the main characters’ politeness in speaking.
The first research result showed that the types of politeness strategies used by the main characters in Twilight movie were bald-on record strategy direct,
positive politeness stratgey, negative politeness strategy, and off-record strategy indirect. The second research result showed that the factors underlay the choice
of the strategies by the main characters of Twilight movie were the payoffs and sociological variables. In addition, the social distance, relative power and rank of
impositions were under the sociological variables sub heading. In payoffs, a speaker realized the advantages of employing a certain
politeness strategy. Bald-on record, the payoffs was mostly the want of the speaker to be direct and efficient. It also indicated great impositions in the
utterances. For positive politeness, the payoffs was the desire to maintain social closeness toward the hearer. Meanwhile, for negative politeness, the payoffs was
the want to respect the hearer. Off-record strategy, the payoff was the want to avoid the responsibility of the FTA. Besides, sociological variables were the
factors that mostly related each other. It varied depended on the context.
B. Implications
Politeness is a fundamental aspect in maintaining relationships between the speaker and the hearer. The use of politeness strategies suggesteed by Brown
and Levinson 1987 could be a good strategy in order to be able to speak PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
89
appropriately in the light of relationship between speaker and hearer. In accordance with education field, communication between teachers and learners is
an essential part of teaching and learning process. Teachers play an important role to teach the materials contained in English subject. As a teacher, it is important to
teach the students not only the four standards of competence or language skills listening, reading, speaking, and writing but also the ethical values of those
skills. Teaching and learning English, especially in speaking skill, should be done not only in the cognitive skills but also in the affective skills. Teachers can help
their students to apply politeness through language in daily English conversation. Besides, the students can easily understand the learning materials if they
have good relationship with their teachers. In addition, politeness is able to encourage teaching and learning process as it is a substantial strategy to develop
relationships between the teachers and students. Teachers and students can apply those politeness strategies based on certain social context in order to maintain
their relationship. This study provides some examples on the use of politeness strategy which
can be applied in the classroom. When a teacher needs a help from a student to clean up the whiteboard, a teacher can apply Negative Politeness in asking for
help, e.g “Would you clean up the board?” This utterance is considered as a
polite form because the words “would you” which has become a common polite
expression of asking for help in English. The sentence is structurally complex and minimizes the imposition for the student who is being asked. Negative politeness
will be an appropriate strategy rather than using Bald-on record “John, open the
90
door ” This utterance is an instruction which is supposed to be clear and direct. It will help the student to understand what to do.
Furthermore, an English teacher can employ Positive Politeness to give compliments and to show appreciation by saying
“Thank you, that’s very helpful.” When a student helps to clean up the whiteboard. Brown and Levinson
1987 state that politeness strategies were developed in order to sav e the hearers’
“face”. Brown and Levinson 1987 explain that face as the public self-image that every member wants to claim for himself. There were four types of politeness
strategies, namely bald-on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record. Therefore, those four types of politeness strategies can be applied and
implemented during activities in the classroom. Teachers can use some general topics in implementing politeness in the process of teaching English.
The example of the teaching materials is “Asking, giving, and refusing opinion”, which has some expressions learned by students, such as “What do you
think about the presentation?” in asking opinion. For responding opinion, the expressions can be “I think it’s very nice.” Alternatively, the teachers can give
some examples of politeness phrases during the teaching and learning process. In addition, applying bald-on record, positive politeness, negative
politeness, and off-record during the teaching and learning process in the classroom can positively be a good example for the students. As a teacher, giving
the various models of politeness in daily conversation will help students in building a good manner by applying the appropriate expressions. As a result,
91
English learners are capable of applying various politeness strategies so that they can maintain decent relationship with their friends and teachers. In conclusion, the
appropriate language choice in dealing with politeness will surely help the teaching and learning process.
C. Recommendations
