Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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C. Theoretical Framework

This study particularly aims at observing and analyzing the use of politeness strategies in the utterances produced by the main characters of Twilight movie. The writer summarizes and synthesizes all theories related to the study to answer the two formulated research problems. There are two research problems in this study, namely, the kinds of politeness strategies used by the main characters in Twilight and the factors that influences the choice of politeness strategies by the main characters in Twilight movie. Since the focus of this study is the use of politeness strategies employed by the main characters, it is obvious that it would be related to many various utterances in conversation or the use of language in conversation. In other words, the writer needs to comprehend the meaning of the characters‟ utterances in context pragmatics. Pragmatics is necessary because it deals with relation between language and context. It deals with the utterances of Twilight movie‟s characters. In order to answer the two research problems, the writer applied the theories of politeness strategy proposed by Brown and Levinson 1987. The first research problem is “What kinds of politeness strategies are used by the main characters in Twilight movie ?” will be solved using Brown and Levinson‟s politeness strategies theory. There are four strategies namely bald on- record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record strategy. The writer employs the four strategies to classify the utterances done by the main characters of Twilight movie to analyze the kinds of strategies used by them. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 44 The second research problem is “What kinds of factors influencing the choice of politeness strategies done by the main characters in Twilight movie?” Brown and Levinson 1987 will also be used in solving the second research problem. There are two factors are likely influence the application of the politeness strategies. These two factors are the payoffs and the sociological variables. The writer analyzes the utterance done by the main characters of Twilight movie in accordance with these two factors. Thus, this chapter provides all of the theories needed and related to this study. One theory in particular is politeness theory by Brown and Levinson 1987. This main theory will be used to analyze the main characters‟ utterances to discover what politeness strategies used in Twilight movie and the factors influencing the choice of the strategies. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 45

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter will be divided into six parts. The first part is about the research method which describes the methods used in this study. The second part is about the research setting which describes when the study was conducted. The third part is about the data source which elaborates the participants who were involved in this study. The fourth part is about the instruments and data gathering technique which describe about the instruments and the techniques in gathering the data. The fifth part is about the data analysis technique which explains about the technique employed in this study to analyze the data. Then, the sixth part is about the research procedure which elaborates the steps in conducting this study.

A. Research Method

The focus in this study was politeness strategies used by the main characters of Twilight movie. More specifically, the two research problems in this study were 1 Which politeness strategies are used by the four main characters in Twilight movie? 2 What are the factors influencing the choice of politeness strategies used by the main characters in Twilight movie? This study concerns the way the four main characters of Twilight implemented the politeness strategies in their conversation in the movie. Therefore, this study is a study about how language is used in a social context as depicted in the movie. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI