this kind of daily occurrence and relating it to the Victor Frankenstein‘s case. The study of psychoanalytic is needed to know more about why he makes the
unnatural creature and why he disgraces his own-made creature. This can be related to the dynamical personality that is shown in the novel.
B. Problem Formulation
Here are the problems formulated, namely:
1. How is Victor Frankenstein‘s characteristic described in the novel?
2. How does Victor Frankenstein‘s character reveal the dynamic of id, ego and
superego?
C. Objectives of the Study
The first objective of the study aims on knowing the character more, in this case the main character, Victor Frankenstein, who is assumed that he has a
personality disorder because of past saddening background. The things that he does in the story seems done because of the unconscious mind of the user so that
he can make the bad decision into right and anything that is dangerous become safe. The cause of why Victor Frankenstein does that is going to be analyzed
further. The second objective of the study aims on the analysis of the dynamic types of personality, ego, superego and id, of Victor Frankenstein, and relating it
to his life.
D. Definition of Term
To avoid misunderstanding of certain terms, there are some words that
need to be defined.
According to
The Concise Dictionary of Psychology,
Personality is the fusions of all factors that make an individual human being act like normal human
being do in common; like thinking, feeling something, behaving and the particular characteristic pattern of these elements that makes every human being
different from others. The personality might be hidden and also be expressed to other people. It is also the dynamic nature of an individual which can be
perceptible or not to other people. Statt, 2003:100. It is stated in
The Concise Dictionary of Psychology
that according to Freud the Ego is a part of the personality that closest to conscious awareness
which oversee particles between the unconscious drives of the pleasure seeking id on the one hand and the internalized restrictions of the Superego on the other.
Freud views that a psychological disorder whose origins in emotional conflict could be the result of the ego is being unable to maintain harmonious relations
with the id and superego because the power of their unconscious drives is too much to cope with Statt, 2003: 44.
It is stated in
The Concise Dictionary of Psychology
that according to Freud the Id is the deepest unconscious drives which could be related with the
biological nature of the body and is one of the three main aspects of the
personality. The id is dominated by the pleasure principle and causes problems
for the ego when its drives are blocked. The id operates based on the pleasure
principle, which demands immediate gratification of needs Statt, 2003: 68. It is also stated in
The Concise Dictiona ry of Psychology
that Superego is the affiliation of restrictions which is caused by the id, as reflected in the values
and standards of behavior required by society in general and parents in particular. It is literally known as the conscience. It is the equivalent of a conscience in a
system of ethics. The superego works to suppress the urges of the id and tries to make the ego behave morally and appearing more Statt, 2003:129.
According to
Psychology an Introduction,
Personality disorders are disorders which are unchangeable from an individual and inappropriate ways of
thinking and behaving which cause distress and conflicts. These disorders are various, and divided into a group of disorders regarded as enduring, inflexible
patterns of inner experience and deviating behavior which can cause distress and impairment Morris, 1988:546.
6
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW
