Description of Javanese Javanese Tembang

2.4 Javanese Tembang

Tembang or sekar is the main form of Javanese poetry. That is to say, well- written books about literature, history, and the philosophy of education are mostly written in tembang form. Tembang is sung to a special tune which may be accompanied by the gamelan . Tembang poetry therefore cannot be separated from musical form. There are many types of temban g which are divided into three main groups: 1. Tembang macapat or tembang cilik 2. Tembang tengahan or tembang dhagelan , and 3. Tembang gedhe or Kaw i or sekar ageng Tembang macapat includes: 1. Kinanthi , 2. Pocung , 3. Asmaradana , 4. Mijil , 5. Maskumambang , 6. Pangkur , 7. Sinom , 8, Dhandhanggula , 9. Durma . Tembang tengahan includes: 1. Gambuh , 2. Megatruh Dudukwuluh , 3. Balabak , 4. Wirangrong , 5. Jurudemung . Tembang gedhe or Sekar Ageng includes: 1. Girisa .

2.4.1 Description of Javanese

Tembang The description of macapat : macapat is a Javanese traditional song or poem. Each stanza macapat have lines called gatra , and each has a number of syllables guru wilangan specific, and ends at the end of the so-called sound poems guru lagu . Macapat with other names can also be found in the culture Bali, Sasak, Madura, and Sunda. Also macapat also been found in Kilkenny and Banjarmasin. Macapat usually 30 interpreted as maca -papat papat Read the four-four, which means I read a woven every four part of word. But this is not the only one sense, there are other interpretations. Macapat expected to appear at the end Majapahit and the commencement of the influence Walisanga , But this can only be said for the situation in Central Java, because in East Java and Bali macapat been known before the advent of Islam. The works of classical literature from the Java Mataram Baru, In general, written using metrum macapat. An article in the form of prose or prose generally gancaran not regarded as literary works but just sort of „list contents‟ alone. Some examples of literary works written in Java, including song macapat Serat Wedhatama , Serat Wula ngreh , and Serat Kalatidha . Meanwhile, the description of Tembang gedhe : Tembang gedhe Kawi or Sekar Ageng originated from India through ancient Javanese literature called kakawin. Tembang tengahan also indicated to kidung , Javanese poetry in Middle Javanese language. At the period of time of New Mataram in written of tembang gedhe there is no differences between long or short syllables. There are varied types, such as Citramengeng , Kusumawicitra , Sardulawikridita , Jagapramudita , Sikarini , and others. However, it is the Girisa which is usually found in modern Javanese literature. The others still remain, however they are not used in tembang works such as tembang macapat or tengah , but instead are used as an accompanying or 31 introductory song for the gamelan and suluk , the dalang ‟s chant which lends colour to the athmosphere of a particular scene in the wayang performance.

2.4.2 Etymology of