19
Pembebanan
Beban mati qD Berat gording Channel 200x75x20x3,2
= 9,27 kgm Berat atap = 50 kgm
2
x 1,299 m = 64,95 kgm
Berat trackstang 10
x
9,27 = 0,927 kgm +
q tot = 75,147 kgm Beban hidup qL
Pekerja di tengah bentang P = 100 kg Air hujan qR = 40 – 0,8 x a x Lc
= 40 – 0,8 x 30 x 1,299 = 20,784 kgm Beban angin qA = 25 kgm
2
Koefisien angin tekan ct = 0,02 x a – 0,4 = 0,02 x 30 – 0,4 = 0,2
Koefisien angin hisap ch = – 0,4 Beban angin tekan = 0,2 x 25 x 1,299 = 6,495 kgm
Beban angin hisap = -0,4 x 25 x 1,299 = -12,99 kgm
b. Kombinasi Beban
Gambar 4.2 Arah Gaya pada Gording Profil C 200x75x20x3,2 • Beban Mati
qD = 75,147 kgm qDx = 75,147 x sin 30
o
= 37,574 kgm qDy = 75,147 x cos 30
o
= 65,079 kgm
• Beban Hidup
P = 100 kg Px = 100 x sin 30
o
= 50 kg Py = 100 x cos 30
o
= 86,602 kg q
x
C200.75.20.3,2
y
20 qL = 20,784 kgm
qLx = 20,784 x sin 30
o
= 10,392 kgm qLy = 20,784 x cos 30
o
= 17,999 kgm
• Beban Angin
qA = qAy = 6,495 kgm
c. KOMBINASI MOMEN
Mx = ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
⎭ ⎬
⎫ ⎩
⎨ ⎧
× +
× l
Px l
q q
Lx Dx
6 ,
1 4
1 6
, 1
2 ,
1 8
1
2
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ×
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
× ×
4 50
6 ,
1 4
1 4
392 ,
10 6
, 1
574 ,
37 2
, 1
8 1
2
= 203,433 kgm = 20 343,3 kgcm
My
1
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
⎭ ⎬
⎫ ⎩
⎨ ⎧
× +
× l
Py l
q q
Ly Dy
6 ,
1 4
1 6
, 1
2 ,
1 8
1
2
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ×
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
× ×
4 86,602
6 ,
1 4
1 4
999 ,
7 1
6 ,
1 079
, 65
2 ,
1 8
1
2
= 352,3496 kgm = 35 234,96 kgcm
My2 = ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
× +
× ×
2
2 5
, q
2 ,
1 8
1 l
q
Ly Dy
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
× ×
2 5
, 4
1 l
Py
+ ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
×
2
2 3
, 1
8 1
l q
Ay
= ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
× +
× ×
2
2 4
999 ,
7 1
5 ,
079 ,
65 2
, 1
8 1
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
× ×
2 4
86,602 5
, 4
1
+ ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ ×
×
2
2 4
495 ,
6 3
, 1
8 1
= 69,4194 kgm = 6 941,94 kgcm Dari kombinasi 1 2 dipilih My max yaitu My1 = 35 234,96 kgcm
21
d. Kontrol Tegangan
BJ 37 fy = 2400 kgcm
2
f = ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ +
⎟ ⎠
⎞ ⎜
⎝ ⎛
= ⎟
⎠ ⎞
⎜ ⎝
⎛ +
⎟⎟ ⎠
⎞ ⎜⎜
⎝ ⎛
1 ,
72 234,96
35 8
, 16
343,3 20
Wx My
Wy Mx
= 1699,606 kgcm
2
1210.910
Syarat, f ≤ fy
1699,606 kgcm
2
≤ 2400 kgcm
2
………… Oke
e. Kontrol Lendutan
Keterangan :Pemasangan trackkstang antar gording pada tengah bentang gording, memberikan kekakuan tambahan padanya terhadap sumbu y.
Gambar 4.3. Lendutan gording
δ
ijin
= 400
240 1
240 1
× =
× L = 1,667 cm
450 450
3,2
3,2
22 Sumbu X
δ
X
= ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ×
+ ⎪⎭
⎪ ⎬
⎫ ⎪⎩
⎪ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
×
3 4
48 1
384 5
l I
Es Px
l I
Es q
q
y y
Lx Dx
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ⋅
× +
⎭ ⎬
⎫ ⎩
⎨ ⎧
× ×
⋅ +
×
− 3
6 4
6 2
400 5
, 87
10 2
50 48
1 400
5 ,
87 10
. 2
10 392
, 10
574 ,
37 384
5 = 1,2945cm
Sumbu Y
δ
Y
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ×
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× +
×
3 4
2 48
1 2
384 5
l I
Es Py
l I
Es q
q
x x
Ly Dy
= ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ×
+ ⎭
⎬ ⎫
⎩ ⎨
⎧ ×
× ⋅
+ ×
− 3
6 4
6 2
200 721
10 .
2 602
, 86
48 1
200 721
10 .
2 10
999 ,
17 079
, 65
384 5
= 0,022 cm
δ =
2 2
2 2
022 ,
2945 ,
1 +
= + y
x δ
δ
δ =
1,2946 cm
≤ δ
ijin
= 1,667 cm…………..Oke
4.1.3. PERHITUNGAN STRUKTUR REDESAIN KUDA-KUDA Perhitungan Struktur Redesain Kuda-Kuda Utama
1. Data Perencanaan o
Bentang kuda-kuda :
18,00 m o
Jarak kuda-kuda bentang gording Lk :
4,00 m o
Jarak gording Lc :
1,299 m o
Sudut kemiringan atap a :
30° o
Penutup atap genteng keramik + usuk + reng :
50 kgm
2
o Plafond + penggantung
: 18 kgm
o Beban angin
: 25 kgm
o Beban hidup
: 100 kgm
23 o
Beban air hujan = 40-0,8×a×Lc :
20,784 kgm
o Berat gording profil C 200.75.20.3,2
: 9,27 kgm
o Tegangan leleh baja fy
: 2400 kg cm
2
S17 S47
S61 S46
S60 S45
S59 S44
S58 S43
S57 S42
S56 S41
S55 S40
S32 S31
S30 S29
S28 S27
S26 S25
S16 S15
S14 S13
S12 S11
S10 S37
S50 S36 S49
S35 S48
S34 S33
S24
S38 S23
S8 S9
S18 S19
S20 S21
S22
S1 S2
S3 S4
S5 S6
S7 S39
S51 S52
S53 S54
Gambar 4.4 . No. Frame Kuda – Kuda Utama
F E
D C
B A
Z Y
X W
V U
T S
R G
F E
D C
B A
O N
M L
K J
H P
Q I
Gambar 4.5 . No. Joint Kuda – Kuda Utama
BEBAN MATI
24
a. Beban Atap genteng keramik BA .
BA = q x Lk x Lc = 50 x 4,00 x 1,299 = 259,8 kg.
Berat
atap dilimpahkan ke tiap buhul bagian atas konstruksi yaitu : bA = bQ = 259,8 2 = 129,9 kg
bR = bS = bT= bU = bV = bW = bX= bY = bZ = bA’= bB’ = bC’ = bD’= b E’ = b F’ = 259,8 kg.
Keterangan : b = buhul joint
b. Beban Gording BG .
BG = q x Lk= 9,27 x 4,00 = 37,08 kg Beban gording dilimpahkan ke tiap buhul bagian atas konstruksi yaitu :
bA = bS = bU = bW = bY = bA’ = bC’ = bE’ = bQ = 37,08 kg
c. Beban Bracing Ikatan Angin BB
Braching menggunakan baja ø18 mm Beban Bracing = A .
γbaja =
. .
. 4
1
2
D π
γbaja = 7850
. 018
, .
14 .
3 .
4 1
= 1,996 kgm γbaja = 7850 kgm
3
Panjang Bracing =
2 2
598 ,
2 ,
4 +
= 4,7696 m
BRACING
Gambar 4. 6
. Bracing Keterangan :
Tinjau jarak antar kuda-kuda max = 4,00 m Beban bracing pada buhul joint :
1,299 m 4,00 m
1,299 m
25 bA, bQ = 12 x 4,7696 m x 1,996 kgm
= 4,76 kg. bS, bU, bW, bY, bA’,bC’, bE’ = 4,7696 m x 1,996 kgm
= 9,520 kg.
d. Beban Angin