A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE FROM BAHASA INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH IN TRANSLATING SONG ENTITLED “SERIBU TAHUN LAMANYA”
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE
FROM BAHASA INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH IN
TRANSLATING SONG ENTITLED “SERIBU TAHUN
LAMANYA”
THESIS
By:
ANNISA MAHARANI
201210100311152
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE
FROM BAHASA INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH IN
TRANSLATING SONG ENTITLED “SERIBU TAHUN
LAMANYA”
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
ANNISA MAHARANI
201210100311152
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
i
Motto
“Have a courage and be kind”
DEDICATIONS
This thesis is wholeheartedly dedicated to my beloved parents. Their
sincere kindness, prays, and loves motivates me to finish this research and achieve
my future.
ii
iii
Acknowledgements
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah SWT, the Almighty, the Most Gracious
and the Most Merciful, which with his blessing the writer have finished this
thesis. In writing this thesis, the writer realize that this thesis is far from perfect.
Therefore, the rater would be pleased to receive comments, feedbacks, and
suggestions for the enhancement of this thesis.
The writer would like to express her deepest gratefulness to the first
advisor, Mr. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd and second advisor Mr, Puji Sumarsono, M.Pd.
Their infinite advices, patience and great guidance help the writer to complete this
thesis. Thank you for Mr. Riski Lestiono, M.A for giving support, help and
suggestion to the writer. The writer would also thank to all lecturers in English
Department for their kindness, and knowledge they share so the writer gain more
comprehension about teaching and English.
The most important, the writer need to thank to her parents for the
countless support, love, and prays in the writer’s life. Thank you for dearest
cousins (Priyadi Priyono, and Gusti Ramadhan) to always stand by the writer,
lovely sister to always cheer me up and the endless support, Danang Anugrah
Putra for patience, loving, and support throughout these three years.
For all friends, classmates, bureaus partner (Mahsa, Ence, Hesti, Hanan),
thank you for becoming friends, and sisters. Thank you for all support you gave to
the writer. For my best friend (Putri, Wiwin, Ajeng, Pipit) thank you for sharing
motivations, hold the writer up through the very bad days during this life. The
last, The writer also thank for those who cannot be mentioned one by one for the
prayer, and support for writer to finish this thesis.
Malang, May 4, 2016
The writer
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL............................................................................................................ i
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ............................................................................. ii
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY .................................................. iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .....................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study .......................................................................1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ......................................................................5
1.3
Purpose of the Study .............................................................................5
1.4
Significance of the Study ......................................................................5
1.5
Scope and Limitation ............................................................................6
1.6
Definition of the Key Terms .................................................................6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
2.2
Translation .............................................................................................7
2.1.1
Definition of Translation .........................................................7
2.1.2
Types of Translation ...............................................................8
Google Translate .................................................................................14
2.2.1
Definition of Google Translate .............................................14
2.2.2
History of Google Translate ..................................................15
2.2.3
The Urgency of Google Translate .........................................17
2.3
Translation Components .....................................................................19
2.4
The Entitled Song ................................................................................21
2.4.1 The Song Identity.......................................................................21
2.4.2 The Song Lyrics .........................................................................22
vi
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Design ..................................................................................24
3.2
Research Object...................................................................................25
3.3
Research Instrument ............................................................................26
3.4
Data Collection and Data Analysis .....................................................26
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Findings ...............................................................................................31
4.1.1 General Information ...................................................................31
4.1.1.1 Accuracy of The Transfer of Source Text Content .....35
4.1.1.2 Quality of Expression in Target Language ..................37
4.2
Discussion ............................................................................................40
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusion ...........................................................................................44
5. 2 Suggestions ..........................................................................................46
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Appendix 1
Document Analysis Guide
Appendix 2
Document Analysis From Rater 1
Appendix 3
Document Analysis From Rater 2
Appendix 4
Document Analysis From Rater 3
Appendix 5
Document Analysis From Rater 4
vii
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald; Jacobs, Lucy, C; Sorensen, Christine, K. 2010. “Introduction to
Research in Education, 8th edition.” Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
ISBN-13: 978-0-495-60122-7 , ISBN-10: 0-495-60122-5.
Azer, Haniyeh S.; Aghayi, Mohammad B. (2015). “An Evaluation of Output
Quality of Machine Translation (Padideh Software vs. Google Translate)”.
Advances in Language and Literary Studies. Vol.6 No.4. Pp: 227 – 237.
Balk, Ethan M.; Chung, Mei; Hadar, Nira; Patel, Kamal; Yu, Winifred W.;
Trikalinos, Thomas A.; Chang, Lina, K. W. 2012. “Accuracy of Data
Extraction of Non-English Language Trials With Google Translate.”
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality .
Basu, Saikat. 2013. "10 Uses of Google Translate to Cross The Great Language
Divide." makeuseof, http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/10-uses-of-googletranslate-to-cross-the-great-language-divide/.
BURG Translation. 2014. “Google Translate Problems And Benefits.” BURG
Translation, http://burgtranslations.com/blog/google-translate-problemsand-benefits/.
Center For Health Literacy. (2010). "Translation: A Must-Have Guide." Center
For Health Literacy.
Cresswell, John W. 2009. “Research design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed
Methods Approaches 3rd Edition. ” SAGE Publications, Inc. ISBN: 978-14129-6556-9. ISBN: 978-1-4129-6557-6.
Denzin Norman K; Lincoln, Yvonna S. 2005. “The SAGE Handbook of
Qualitative Research Third Edition.” Sage Publications, Inc. ISBN:
0761927573, 9780761927570.
Edward, Julian. 2014. “Pongki Barata Rajai Tangga Lagu Itunes.” Liputan 6,
http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/2121730/pongki-barata-rajai-tanggalagu-itunes/.
Google
Company.
(n.d.).
"History:
Google."
https://www.google.com/about/company/history/.
Google
Company,
Google
Company.
(n.d.).
“History:
Google.”
https://www.google.com/about/company/history/.
Google
Company,
Googe
Mobile. 2012. “Google Translate for
https://www.google.com.au/mobile/translate/.
Google. 2015. “Translate API FAQ.”
https://cloud.google.com/translate/v2/faq.
Google
Mobile.”
Google,
Cloud
Platform,
Google. 2016. “Google Translate Help: Translate A Bilingual Conversation.”
Google, https://support.google.com/translate/answer/6142474.
Hampshire, Stephen and Saliva, C. Porta. 2010. “Translation and the Internet:
Evaluating the Quality of Free Online Machine Translators .” 197-209.
Hatim, Basil and Munday, Jeremy. 2004. "Translation: An advanced resource
book ." Routledge Applied Linguistics.
Khanmohammad, Hajar and Osanloo, Maryam. 2009. "Moving toward Objective
Scoring: A Rubric for Translation Assessment." JELS. Vol. 1 No. 1. Pp:
131-153.
Kusuma, Feni, I. 2007. "Technique For Translating English Sentences." Paper for
Seminar, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, English Education Study
Programme.
Merriam, Sharan B. 2009. “Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and
Implementation Revised and Expanded from Qualitative Research and
Case Study Applications in Education.” Jossey-Bass Publisher. ISBN:
978-0-470-28354-7.
Oliveira, R., Gomes and Anastasiou, Dimitra. 2011. “Comparison of SYSTRAN
and Google Translate for English→ Portuguese.” Revista Tradumàtica
Tecnologies de la traducció. No. 9; December 2011. Pp: 118-136.
Pongki Barata Music. 2014. Pongki Meet The Stars. (KFC) Pongki Meet The
Stars, http://pongkimeetsthestars.com/js_albums/1000-tahun-lamanya/.
Shankland, Stephen. 2013. “Google Translate Now Serves 200 Million People
Daily.” CNET, http://www.cnet.com/news/google-translate-now-serves200-million-people-daily/.
Sokolovsky, Yaroslav, V. 2010. "On the Linguistic Definition of Translation."
Journal of Siberian Federal University. March 2010. Pp: 285-291.
Thomas, Natasha, and Lee, Arim. 2015. "Google Translate Introduces Picture
Translate." News: viking logue: the official news site of Fremd High
School,
http://vikinglogue.com/1736/news/google-translate-introducespicture-translate/.
Thuy, Pham, T. 2013. "House's Functional-Pragmatic Model of Translation
Assessment And Implications For Evaluating English - Vietnamese
Translation Quality." VNU Journal of Foreign Study , Vol. 29 No.1, Pp:
56-64.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In regards to the present study, this chapter is going to discuss some
important information. This section will be divided into; background of study,
statement of problem, purpose of study, scope and limitation, significance of
study, and the definition of key terms. Those sections will be explained below.
1.1
Background of Study
Google translate is a free, web-based program with natural translation
output, and it is also well known as online machine translator with the best
accuracy, based on human judgment of translation accuracy (Balk, et al., 2012).
According to the Google Company’s history, Google Translate was launched in
2006 and offered translation between Arabic and English at the first time (Google,
2015).
In 2001, the project to create Google Translate was begun. It perfectly
appropriate with Google's mission in adjusting the world's information and make
it universally accessible (Shankland, 2013). One of Google Translate features is
Google Translate API (Application Programming Interface). This feature allows
the user to translate the language on the application that user made to the other
languages. On May 26, 2011 Google Translate API v1 was officially deprecated
and no longer available as of December 1, 2011. Google Translate API v1 has
been replaced by Google Translate API v2, the paid service that was made as a
1
result of the significant economic burden due to extensive abuse (Google
Company, 2015).
In May 2013, Google has bought World Lens to enhance Goggle
Translate camera feature, which allows people to translate foreign text to their
language instantly through camera lens. To translate any word or phrases, the user
need to select which language that it should be translated, then just scan the word
by capturing the word directly through the phone camera lens by using Google
Translate mobile application then the word will be translated directly. This feature
is available to translate for English to and from French, German, Italian,
Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish. Google still develop this new feature to add
more languages. On January 2015 Google Translate introduced two new features
for Android and iOS mobile applications. One of the new updates is available to
translate verbally to help people with different language to communicate to each
other. The new Google Translate features could identify which language is
spoken at that time, and directly translate it to another language. (Thomas and
Lee, 2015).
According to BURG Translation (2014), by the presence of Google
Translate, of course, it provides several benefits to its users. First, considering
that Google Translate is a ubiquitous tool, people with an Internet connection are
able to utilize Google Translate to find similar word or phrase in only 0.8
seconds. Google Translate is a very handy machine translator, which covers more
than 70 languages around the world. Second, Google Translate is a free
translation machine, making it accessible for individuals, and companies. There is
2
a feature available for businesses, which allows user to translate documents and
websites manually by the selected vendor, but there is a fee for this service. The
other advantage is, in order to hence the users' convenient in using Google
Translate while travelling, a mobile app for Google Translate is available. It may
help people with different languages to communicate easier, and allow users to
learn how to pronounce the translated word correctly.
However, if the benefits are set aside, Google Translate has some
problems. Based on the statement from BURG Translation, there are several
problems of Google Translate. First, Google Translate is best equipped only for
the light use, like translating word or phrases, not a whole paragraph. It is also not
suitable for translating technical or medical text because Google Translate often
fail to translate some important or specific words in that field area. Second, the
result of Google Translate sometimes sounds unnatural incomprehensible. The
last, Google Translate still unsuitable for less popular languages like Basque or
Marathi because some users said that it is worthless to translate using Google
Translate.
Based on the theoretical bases above, there are some previous studies,
which discussed empirically about the topic of this study. The discussion has been
done previously by Hampshire & Saliva (2010), Oliveira & Anastasiou (2011),
and Azer & Aghayi (2015).
Hampshire & Saliva (2010) did research to evaluate the quality of free
online machine translations. Based on their research the machine translation with
the best translation output of Idiom, Register, Lexis, Phrasal, and Grammar is
3
Google Translate.Oliveira & Anastasiou (2011) conducted a study inspecting the
quality of Google Translate by comparing two machines translation with different
systems. The result of this study revealed that Google Translate makes fewer
errors than the other machine translation named Systrans. The other previous
study was comparing two different machines translation has been done by Azer &
Aghayi (2015). In this research, the researchers found that Google Translate is
better in the quality of intelligibility, fidelity, coherence, usability, acceptability
and reading time in translating different text-types, from English to Persian
compared to Padideh.
Based on the previous study, this study has not investigated. Therefore, in
the need of deeper study, in this present study the writer will conduct a study in
investigating the quality of Google Translate in translating song from Bahasa
Indonesia into English. It is important to depict the translation quality of Google
Translate to give information for people who use Google Translate. It is
interesting to discuss about the quality of machine translation output especially in
translating song and figure out how is the quality effect the understanding of the
user about the song meaning. Then, the writer will conduct a study entitled: “A
Translation Analysis of Google Translate from Bahasa Indonesia into English
in Translating Song Entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”.
There are considerations why the researcher chooses the song entitled
“Seribu Tahun Lamanya”, which is written by Pongki Barata in 1997. This song
is quiet old, but it is a popular song. The researcher chooses this song because at
the time the song was first published in 1998, it became Indonesian hits in radio
4
station in Indonesia. Surprisingly, when the writer of the song remakes this song
in 2014, it also became top 3 charts in Indonesia iTunes.
1.2
Statement of Problem
Based on the background of study above, the writers formulated the
problem, as follow:
How is the translation of Google Translate in translating Indonesian song
entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”?
1.3
Purpose of study
Related on what are mentioned in statement of problem above, the purpose
of the study is:
Describing the translation of Google Translate in translating Indonesian
song entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”.
1.4
Significance of study
The significance of this study can be viewed from both theoretical and
practical aspects, as described below:
Theoritically, this study might be used as the core in determining the
translation quality of Google Translate in translating Indonesian song entitled
"Seribu Tahun Lamanya" from Bahasa Indonesia into English.
Practically, this study might be useful for Google Translate users to know
about the translation quality of Google Translate. From the result of this study,
5
the Google Translate user will know the depiction of Google Translate quality in
translating song especially in the song entitled "Seribu Tahun Lamanya".
1.5
Scope and limitations
In order to avoid a broader study, and some opportunity of having a gap of
understanding that could arise some problems, the scope of this study only
focuses on the song that will be analyzed, the Indonesian song entitled “1000
Tahun Lamanya” in Tulus version. Meanwhile, the limitation of this study is the
translation output quality of Google Translate in translating from Bahasa
Indonesia into English.
1.6
Definition of key term
In order to avoid misunderstanding, there are some key terms mentioned
in this study. It is expected that by having these key terms, the readers may
understand what the writer’s purpose.
1. Google Translate is a free web-based resource for translation program
with a sense of natural translation provided by Google (Balk, et al.,
2012).
2. Translation is the result of re-contextualization process of a text in
one language to another language (House, 2015).
3. Seribu Tahun Lamanya is an Indonesian song written by Pongki
Barata in 1997. In 2014, Indonesian male singer named Tulus also
sings this song (Pongki Barata Music, 2014).
6
FROM BAHASA INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH IN
TRANSLATING SONG ENTITLED “SERIBU TAHUN
LAMANYA”
THESIS
By:
ANNISA MAHARANI
201210100311152
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE
FROM BAHASA INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH IN
TRANSLATING SONG ENTITLED “SERIBU TAHUN
LAMANYA”
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
ANNISA MAHARANI
201210100311152
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
i
Motto
“Have a courage and be kind”
DEDICATIONS
This thesis is wholeheartedly dedicated to my beloved parents. Their
sincere kindness, prays, and loves motivates me to finish this research and achieve
my future.
ii
iii
Acknowledgements
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah SWT, the Almighty, the Most Gracious
and the Most Merciful, which with his blessing the writer have finished this
thesis. In writing this thesis, the writer realize that this thesis is far from perfect.
Therefore, the rater would be pleased to receive comments, feedbacks, and
suggestions for the enhancement of this thesis.
The writer would like to express her deepest gratefulness to the first
advisor, Mr. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd and second advisor Mr, Puji Sumarsono, M.Pd.
Their infinite advices, patience and great guidance help the writer to complete this
thesis. Thank you for Mr. Riski Lestiono, M.A for giving support, help and
suggestion to the writer. The writer would also thank to all lecturers in English
Department for their kindness, and knowledge they share so the writer gain more
comprehension about teaching and English.
The most important, the writer need to thank to her parents for the
countless support, love, and prays in the writer’s life. Thank you for dearest
cousins (Priyadi Priyono, and Gusti Ramadhan) to always stand by the writer,
lovely sister to always cheer me up and the endless support, Danang Anugrah
Putra for patience, loving, and support throughout these three years.
For all friends, classmates, bureaus partner (Mahsa, Ence, Hesti, Hanan),
thank you for becoming friends, and sisters. Thank you for all support you gave to
the writer. For my best friend (Putri, Wiwin, Ajeng, Pipit) thank you for sharing
motivations, hold the writer up through the very bad days during this life. The
last, The writer also thank for those who cannot be mentioned one by one for the
prayer, and support for writer to finish this thesis.
Malang, May 4, 2016
The writer
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL............................................................................................................ i
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ............................................................................. ii
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY .................................................. iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .....................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study .......................................................................1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ......................................................................5
1.3
Purpose of the Study .............................................................................5
1.4
Significance of the Study ......................................................................5
1.5
Scope and Limitation ............................................................................6
1.6
Definition of the Key Terms .................................................................6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1
2.2
Translation .............................................................................................7
2.1.1
Definition of Translation .........................................................7
2.1.2
Types of Translation ...............................................................8
Google Translate .................................................................................14
2.2.1
Definition of Google Translate .............................................14
2.2.2
History of Google Translate ..................................................15
2.2.3
The Urgency of Google Translate .........................................17
2.3
Translation Components .....................................................................19
2.4
The Entitled Song ................................................................................21
2.4.1 The Song Identity.......................................................................21
2.4.2 The Song Lyrics .........................................................................22
vi
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Research Design ..................................................................................24
3.2
Research Object...................................................................................25
3.3
Research Instrument ............................................................................26
3.4
Data Collection and Data Analysis .....................................................26
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Findings ...............................................................................................31
4.1.1 General Information ...................................................................31
4.1.1.1 Accuracy of The Transfer of Source Text Content .....35
4.1.1.2 Quality of Expression in Target Language ..................37
4.2
Discussion ............................................................................................40
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1
Conclusion ...........................................................................................44
5. 2 Suggestions ..........................................................................................46
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Appendix 1
Document Analysis Guide
Appendix 2
Document Analysis From Rater 1
Appendix 3
Document Analysis From Rater 2
Appendix 4
Document Analysis From Rater 3
Appendix 5
Document Analysis From Rater 4
vii
REFERENCES
Ary, Donald; Jacobs, Lucy, C; Sorensen, Christine, K. 2010. “Introduction to
Research in Education, 8th edition.” Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
ISBN-13: 978-0-495-60122-7 , ISBN-10: 0-495-60122-5.
Azer, Haniyeh S.; Aghayi, Mohammad B. (2015). “An Evaluation of Output
Quality of Machine Translation (Padideh Software vs. Google Translate)”.
Advances in Language and Literary Studies. Vol.6 No.4. Pp: 227 – 237.
Balk, Ethan M.; Chung, Mei; Hadar, Nira; Patel, Kamal; Yu, Winifred W.;
Trikalinos, Thomas A.; Chang, Lina, K. W. 2012. “Accuracy of Data
Extraction of Non-English Language Trials With Google Translate.”
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality .
Basu, Saikat. 2013. "10 Uses of Google Translate to Cross The Great Language
Divide." makeuseof, http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/10-uses-of-googletranslate-to-cross-the-great-language-divide/.
BURG Translation. 2014. “Google Translate Problems And Benefits.” BURG
Translation, http://burgtranslations.com/blog/google-translate-problemsand-benefits/.
Center For Health Literacy. (2010). "Translation: A Must-Have Guide." Center
For Health Literacy.
Cresswell, John W. 2009. “Research design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed
Methods Approaches 3rd Edition. ” SAGE Publications, Inc. ISBN: 978-14129-6556-9. ISBN: 978-1-4129-6557-6.
Denzin Norman K; Lincoln, Yvonna S. 2005. “The SAGE Handbook of
Qualitative Research Third Edition.” Sage Publications, Inc. ISBN:
0761927573, 9780761927570.
Edward, Julian. 2014. “Pongki Barata Rajai Tangga Lagu Itunes.” Liputan 6,
http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/2121730/pongki-barata-rajai-tanggalagu-itunes/.
Company.
(n.d.).
"History:
Google."
https://www.google.com/about/company/history/.
Company,
Company.
(n.d.).
“History:
Google.”
https://www.google.com/about/company/history/.
Company,
Googe
Mobile. 2012. “Google Translate for
https://www.google.com.au/mobile/translate/.
Google. 2015. “Translate API FAQ.”
https://cloud.google.com/translate/v2/faq.
Mobile.”
Google,
Cloud
Platform,
Google. 2016. “Google Translate Help: Translate A Bilingual Conversation.”
Google, https://support.google.com/translate/answer/6142474.
Hampshire, Stephen and Saliva, C. Porta. 2010. “Translation and the Internet:
Evaluating the Quality of Free Online Machine Translators .” 197-209.
Hatim, Basil and Munday, Jeremy. 2004. "Translation: An advanced resource
book ." Routledge Applied Linguistics.
Khanmohammad, Hajar and Osanloo, Maryam. 2009. "Moving toward Objective
Scoring: A Rubric for Translation Assessment." JELS. Vol. 1 No. 1. Pp:
131-153.
Kusuma, Feni, I. 2007. "Technique For Translating English Sentences." Paper for
Seminar, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, English Education Study
Programme.
Merriam, Sharan B. 2009. “Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and
Implementation Revised and Expanded from Qualitative Research and
Case Study Applications in Education.” Jossey-Bass Publisher. ISBN:
978-0-470-28354-7.
Oliveira, R., Gomes and Anastasiou, Dimitra. 2011. “Comparison of SYSTRAN
and Google Translate for English→ Portuguese.” Revista Tradumàtica
Tecnologies de la traducció. No. 9; December 2011. Pp: 118-136.
Pongki Barata Music. 2014. Pongki Meet The Stars. (KFC) Pongki Meet The
Stars, http://pongkimeetsthestars.com/js_albums/1000-tahun-lamanya/.
Shankland, Stephen. 2013. “Google Translate Now Serves 200 Million People
Daily.” CNET, http://www.cnet.com/news/google-translate-now-serves200-million-people-daily/.
Sokolovsky, Yaroslav, V. 2010. "On the Linguistic Definition of Translation."
Journal of Siberian Federal University. March 2010. Pp: 285-291.
Thomas, Natasha, and Lee, Arim. 2015. "Google Translate Introduces Picture
Translate." News: viking logue: the official news site of Fremd High
School,
http://vikinglogue.com/1736/news/google-translate-introducespicture-translate/.
Thuy, Pham, T. 2013. "House's Functional-Pragmatic Model of Translation
Assessment And Implications For Evaluating English - Vietnamese
Translation Quality." VNU Journal of Foreign Study , Vol. 29 No.1, Pp:
56-64.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In regards to the present study, this chapter is going to discuss some
important information. This section will be divided into; background of study,
statement of problem, purpose of study, scope and limitation, significance of
study, and the definition of key terms. Those sections will be explained below.
1.1
Background of Study
Google translate is a free, web-based program with natural translation
output, and it is also well known as online machine translator with the best
accuracy, based on human judgment of translation accuracy (Balk, et al., 2012).
According to the Google Company’s history, Google Translate was launched in
2006 and offered translation between Arabic and English at the first time (Google,
2015).
In 2001, the project to create Google Translate was begun. It perfectly
appropriate with Google's mission in adjusting the world's information and make
it universally accessible (Shankland, 2013). One of Google Translate features is
Google Translate API (Application Programming Interface). This feature allows
the user to translate the language on the application that user made to the other
languages. On May 26, 2011 Google Translate API v1 was officially deprecated
and no longer available as of December 1, 2011. Google Translate API v1 has
been replaced by Google Translate API v2, the paid service that was made as a
1
result of the significant economic burden due to extensive abuse (Google
Company, 2015).
In May 2013, Google has bought World Lens to enhance Goggle
Translate camera feature, which allows people to translate foreign text to their
language instantly through camera lens. To translate any word or phrases, the user
need to select which language that it should be translated, then just scan the word
by capturing the word directly through the phone camera lens by using Google
Translate mobile application then the word will be translated directly. This feature
is available to translate for English to and from French, German, Italian,
Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish. Google still develop this new feature to add
more languages. On January 2015 Google Translate introduced two new features
for Android and iOS mobile applications. One of the new updates is available to
translate verbally to help people with different language to communicate to each
other. The new Google Translate features could identify which language is
spoken at that time, and directly translate it to another language. (Thomas and
Lee, 2015).
According to BURG Translation (2014), by the presence of Google
Translate, of course, it provides several benefits to its users. First, considering
that Google Translate is a ubiquitous tool, people with an Internet connection are
able to utilize Google Translate to find similar word or phrase in only 0.8
seconds. Google Translate is a very handy machine translator, which covers more
than 70 languages around the world. Second, Google Translate is a free
translation machine, making it accessible for individuals, and companies. There is
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a feature available for businesses, which allows user to translate documents and
websites manually by the selected vendor, but there is a fee for this service. The
other advantage is, in order to hence the users' convenient in using Google
Translate while travelling, a mobile app for Google Translate is available. It may
help people with different languages to communicate easier, and allow users to
learn how to pronounce the translated word correctly.
However, if the benefits are set aside, Google Translate has some
problems. Based on the statement from BURG Translation, there are several
problems of Google Translate. First, Google Translate is best equipped only for
the light use, like translating word or phrases, not a whole paragraph. It is also not
suitable for translating technical or medical text because Google Translate often
fail to translate some important or specific words in that field area. Second, the
result of Google Translate sometimes sounds unnatural incomprehensible. The
last, Google Translate still unsuitable for less popular languages like Basque or
Marathi because some users said that it is worthless to translate using Google
Translate.
Based on the theoretical bases above, there are some previous studies,
which discussed empirically about the topic of this study. The discussion has been
done previously by Hampshire & Saliva (2010), Oliveira & Anastasiou (2011),
and Azer & Aghayi (2015).
Hampshire & Saliva (2010) did research to evaluate the quality of free
online machine translations. Based on their research the machine translation with
the best translation output of Idiom, Register, Lexis, Phrasal, and Grammar is
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Google Translate.Oliveira & Anastasiou (2011) conducted a study inspecting the
quality of Google Translate by comparing two machines translation with different
systems. The result of this study revealed that Google Translate makes fewer
errors than the other machine translation named Systrans. The other previous
study was comparing two different machines translation has been done by Azer &
Aghayi (2015). In this research, the researchers found that Google Translate is
better in the quality of intelligibility, fidelity, coherence, usability, acceptability
and reading time in translating different text-types, from English to Persian
compared to Padideh.
Based on the previous study, this study has not investigated. Therefore, in
the need of deeper study, in this present study the writer will conduct a study in
investigating the quality of Google Translate in translating song from Bahasa
Indonesia into English. It is important to depict the translation quality of Google
Translate to give information for people who use Google Translate. It is
interesting to discuss about the quality of machine translation output especially in
translating song and figure out how is the quality effect the understanding of the
user about the song meaning. Then, the writer will conduct a study entitled: “A
Translation Analysis of Google Translate from Bahasa Indonesia into English
in Translating Song Entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”.
There are considerations why the researcher chooses the song entitled
“Seribu Tahun Lamanya”, which is written by Pongki Barata in 1997. This song
is quiet old, but it is a popular song. The researcher chooses this song because at
the time the song was first published in 1998, it became Indonesian hits in radio
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station in Indonesia. Surprisingly, when the writer of the song remakes this song
in 2014, it also became top 3 charts in Indonesia iTunes.
1.2
Statement of Problem
Based on the background of study above, the writers formulated the
problem, as follow:
How is the translation of Google Translate in translating Indonesian song
entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”?
1.3
Purpose of study
Related on what are mentioned in statement of problem above, the purpose
of the study is:
Describing the translation of Google Translate in translating Indonesian
song entitled “Seribu Tahun Lamanya”.
1.4
Significance of study
The significance of this study can be viewed from both theoretical and
practical aspects, as described below:
Theoritically, this study might be used as the core in determining the
translation quality of Google Translate in translating Indonesian song entitled
"Seribu Tahun Lamanya" from Bahasa Indonesia into English.
Practically, this study might be useful for Google Translate users to know
about the translation quality of Google Translate. From the result of this study,
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the Google Translate user will know the depiction of Google Translate quality in
translating song especially in the song entitled "Seribu Tahun Lamanya".
1.5
Scope and limitations
In order to avoid a broader study, and some opportunity of having a gap of
understanding that could arise some problems, the scope of this study only
focuses on the song that will be analyzed, the Indonesian song entitled “1000
Tahun Lamanya” in Tulus version. Meanwhile, the limitation of this study is the
translation output quality of Google Translate in translating from Bahasa
Indonesia into English.
1.6
Definition of key term
In order to avoid misunderstanding, there are some key terms mentioned
in this study. It is expected that by having these key terms, the readers may
understand what the writer’s purpose.
1. Google Translate is a free web-based resource for translation program
with a sense of natural translation provided by Google (Balk, et al.,
2012).
2. Translation is the result of re-contextualization process of a text in
one language to another language (House, 2015).
3. Seribu Tahun Lamanya is an Indonesian song written by Pongki
Barata in 1997. In 2014, Indonesian male singer named Tulus also
sings this song (Pongki Barata Music, 2014).
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