8. Genre G textual categories refers to the clearly demarcated types of
utterance, such as: poems, proverbs, riddles, sermons, prayers, lectures, and editorials, the cultural category of thought e.g. in such,
complements, apologies.
2.5 A Presidential Debate
Debate North American English or debating British English is a formal method of interactive and position representational argument.
Debate is a broader form of argument than logical argument since it includes persuasion which appeals to the emotional responses of an
audience, and rules enabling people to discuss and decide on differences, within a framework defining how they will interact. In Oxford Advanced
Learner‘s Dictionary of Current English, Hornby, 1995:299 debate is defined as a formal argument or discussion of a question, e.g. at a public
meeting or in parliament or congress, with two or more opposing speakers, and often ending with a vote. He also defines it as argument or discussion
general.
Informal debate is a common occurrence, but the quality and depth of a debate improves with knowledge and skill of its participants as
debaters. Even though debate is basically an act to convince someone else of our argument or opinion, there are some kinds of debate. Each of this
has its own characteristics. There are 19 kinds of debate. Those are: Formal Debate in Education, Parliamentary Debate, Mace Debate, Public
Debate, Australian Debate, Asian University Debating Championship, Paris Style Debating, Policy Debating, Classical Debate, Extemporaneous
Debate, Lincoln- Douglas Debate, Karl Popper Debate, Simulated Legislature, Impromptu Debate, Moot Court and Mock Trial, Public
Forum Debate, Online Debating, U.S Presidential debate, and Comedy Debate. source: Wikipedia.com
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
In conducting this study, it is important for the researcher to determine the research method that used. This method includes: research
design, unit of analysis, source of data, technique of data collection, and technique of data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
In this study, the researcher used qualitative descriptive method. Isaac and Michael 1987:42 state that: ―The purpose of descriptive
method is to describe systematically situation or area of interest factually and accurately‖. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method
because this research cannot be counted by the numbers but it is only based on the quality of the presidential debate. Then, this research is not to
compare and identify relations between two variables or more. This research used qualitative descriptive method which is aimed
at finding out the elements of ethnography of communication and also describing all aspects that found in the Presidential Debate between
President Barack Obama and Governor Mitt Romney.
3.2 Unit of analysis
