Vocational Education
A. Vocational Education
Education is a human effort to produce culture for a sustainable life of every generation. Every nation in the pluralistic modern times continues to prepare its people become educated citizens for the sake of continuity of generations. As noted by Sukarjo and Ukim Komaruddin (2009: 1) humans are creatures who deals with education, so- called animal educandum and animal aducandus the man as a creature who was educated at the same time as being educational.
Entering the third millennium, many changes happen quickly. These changes are the impacts of the development of science, a very rapid population growth, and environmental changes (Purwanto, 1995:3). The rapid changes make humans must adapt to the changes. One problem faced by humans, of course, involves the issue of education in it, namely how far education can overcome the problems faced. It includes vocational education involvement in solving problems faced by mankind.
Review of vocational education much revolves around the study of the concept, the purpose of vocational education, vocational education principles, models the characteristics of vocational education. Vocational education was developed from the
concept of vocational education and occupational education (education labour), both included in education to produce a middle-class workforce. There are many definitions or meanings conveyed by experts on vocational education. In general, these notions evolved concept of vocational education and occupational education (education labour), both included in education to produce a middle-class workforce. There are many definitions or meanings conveyed by experts on vocational education. In general, these notions evolved
UUSPN 1989, article 11 paragraph 3 states vocational education is education that prepares students to work in a particular field, (Act No.2 of 1989). In addition the government also has set up the Government Regulation no. 29 of 1990 article 1
paragraph 3 which describes the vocational education. Vocational education in the Government Regulation is an education at secondary level which prioritizes the development of students' ability to perform certain types of work.
In Uncle Sam's country, vocational education is considered as an education that can be directed to study the field of specialization for vocational school graduates to have specific expertise among the various areas of expertise such as: business, manufacturing, agriculture, kerumahtanggan, automotive, telecommunications, electricity, buildings, etc. (Snedden , 1917: 8). Wenrich (1974: 3) argued that vocational education is an education which was held for students who plan and develop a career in the field of specific expertise to work productively.
Develop vocational education is basically three main functions, namely: (1) talent development function, (2) the function of basic education skills and habits which lead to the world of work, and (3) coaching function (Hary, 1995). Briefly Sugiyono (1998), states that vocational education has the function of preparing learners to enter the job
market. Shumer (2001) vocational education has an important role in helping young people find direction, purpose and ability in his life.
Vocational education is in charge of secondary education prepare students to work in a particular field. Vocational education has a strategic role in preparing the workforce, focus its activities is to provide stock of knowledge, skills and attitudes to students for work can be applied in the world of work, both in business and industrial world (Irwanto, 2010:18).
Thus, a vocational school education is expected to prepare learners for the future after graduation to work in accordance with their fields and have the competence to be able to work and can live with keahlianya as workers in an industry or work
independently as an entrepreneur. Therefore, all forms and attempts were made in order independently as an entrepreneur. Therefore, all forms and attempts were made in order
vocational schools.