The negative ideas found in veronica roth’s novel “insurgent “

APPENDICES A. The Biography of Veronica Roth

Veronica Roth is an American novelist and short story writer known for her debut New York Times bestselling Divergent trilogy, consisting of Divergent, Insurgent, and Allegiant, and Four: A Divergent Collection. Divergent was the recipient of the Goodreads Favorite Book of 2011 and the 2012 winner for Best Young Adult Fantasy and Science Fiction.

Veronica Roth was born on August 19, 1988 in New York City, and was raised primarily in Barrington, Illinois. Her mother, Barbara Ross, is a painter who resides in Barrington. She is the youngest of three children. Her parents divorced when she was five years old, and her mother has since married to Frank Ross, a financial consultant for landscaping companies. Her brother and sister live in the Chicago area.

She is of German and Polish descent. Roth said that her father had a job, and worked far away. Now, she has a good relationship with her stepdad. Her maternal grandparents were concentration camp survivors, whose religious convictions pushed her mother away from religion. Veronica Roth learned about Christianity by attending a Christian Bible study during her high school years, and has stayed with it.

Roth graduated from Barrington High School. After attending a year of college at Carleton College, she transferred to Northwestern University for its creative writing program. She married photographer Nelson Fitch in 2011. They reside in the Chicago area.

Veronica is best known for her trilogy novels: Divergent, Insurgent, and Allegiant; Allegiant was released on October 22, 2013. She is the recipient t of the Goodreads 2011 Choice Award and the Best of 2012 in the category Young Adult Fantasy and Science Fiction and also Best Goodreads Author in 2012. Roth wrote her first book, Divergent, while on winter break in her senior year at Northwestern University. Her career took off rapidly with success of her first novel, with the publishing rights sold before she graduated from college in 201 and the film rights sold mid-March 2011, before the novel was printed in April 2011.

Roth sold the film rights to the Divergent series to Summit Entertainment. Filming of Divergent, the adaptation of the first book in the series, was started in April 2013, and the film was released in March 2014. On March 21, 2014, Lionsgate officially greenlit the film adaptation of Insurgent. The film was

released on March 20, 2015. On April 11, 2014, Summit Entertainment announced that the third book Allegiant would split into two films titled Allegiant – Part 1 and Allegiant – Part 2, with Part 1 scheduled to be released on March 18, 2016 and Part 2 on March 24, 2017.

B. Summary of Novel

Insurgent picks up where Divergent left off with headquarters where some members of the broken-up Abnegation have gone for protection. Tris is taunted by nightmares of shooting killed while he was under the simulation. The Amity, led by representative peaceful. Soon, however, Erudite and Dauntless traitors arrive at Amity to seek the refugees, and after a heated fight the refugees have no choice but to leave and escape back into the city. Marcus reveals to Tris that the reason in the first place was to steal some essential information that Abnegation had been trusted with to keep them from revealing it to the city. Tobias does not believe this, but Tris does.

On the train Tris and her friends encounter a group of factionless and head with them to the factionless headquarters in an old warehouse. Tris is astonished to find out that Tobias has known she is alive for a while now. Evelyn and the factionless plan to usurp Erudite and create a society without factions, and Evelyn wants Tobias's help rallying the Dauntless to their cause. Tris and Tobias soon head to Candor

headquarters, where the rest of the loyal Dauntless have taken shelter, but they are immediately arrested upon arrival.

The leader of Candor, the Dauntless control room, supposed they were the ones running the simulation, and accused them of crimes against humanity. They face a trial immediately, and have to relay the details of what happened under the influence of Candor's famous truth serum. They are cleared of charges, but Tris reveals that she killed Will. This is the first time Tobias and Christina feels that Tris has betrayed her.

Traitor Dauntless invade Candor headquarters seeking people who are Divergent, led by everyone's arms that inject them with a simulation transmitter so that they will be susceptible to simulations at all times. The traitor Dauntless capture Tris, but she takes a gun out of her back pocket and stabs Eric, severely injuring him. Loyal Dauntless stream into the room and drive the traitors off.

Tobias has been repeatedly called a coward because of the information he revealed under the truth serum, so one night at dinner he beats up his father, Marcus, to prove that he is not. Tris goes to Marcus afterward and reminds him that he could use her help in trying to get back the information that Erudite stole. Meanwhile, Jack Kang believes that having the Divergent in Candor puts them all in danger, and arranges a meeting with one of Jeanine's representatives to try and negotiate a deal to protect Candor.

Tris and a few of her friends go to eavesdrop this meeting, and realize that Jeanine is speaking through the Dauntless traitor she has sent to represent her using an earpiece. Tris knows Jeanine must be nearby; however, before she can figure out where she is, one of her friends and Tris tries to go after Jeanine, but one of their friends is injured and they have to take her back to Candor. Tobias is angry at Tris for continuously risking her life so senselessly, and threatens to end their relationship.

They know that Jack will agree to Jeanine's demands to turn over all the Divergent, so they decide the best thing to do is return to Dauntless headquarters, where they will all be safer. They hold a Dauntless meeting and choose new leaders, ending up with leaders. They then execute Eric officially for crimes against Dauntless. Finally, they head back to the Dauntless compound, cover all the surveillance cameras with paint, and try to achieve some semblance of normalcy. Christina at last forgives Tris for killing Will.

Tobias takes Tris to meet Evelyn on a train, and they form an alliance between Dauntless and the factionless. Tris is not pleased with this, because she thinks Evelyn is using Tobias. Erudite soon strikes again with another simulation, making Dauntless members commit suicide every other night until one Divergent turns him or herself over for experimentation. Tris knows she has to stop this, so she lies to Tobias and Christina and turns herself in at Erudite headquarters, where Jeanine runs experiments on her to try and create a simulation that actually affects

a Divergent mind. Tobias shows up there too, presumably to sacrifice himself and die along with Tris.

Jeanine reveals the secret weapon that has allowed her to manipulate Tris so effectively: Caleb, her brother. He betrayed Tris and their family in order to remain loyal to his faction, Erudite, and help Jeanine. The experiments continue, and Tobias finally reveals to Tris that he did not come here on a suicide mission, he came here to scope out headquarters and find Erudite's central control room so that when the factionless and Dauntless invade they will know where to target. He tells Tris to hold out for two more weeks, even though she now wants to die.

Tris continues to resist the simulations, and tells Jeanine that she will never be able to control her. Jeanine, angry, tells Tris that she will resume testing on Tobias instead, and schedules Tris's execution for the following morning. Peter, Tris's old enemy, leads her to her execution and appears to injects her with a death serum. However, this is not actually a death serum; Peter replaced it with one that merely causes paralysis, and sneaks her body out of the room so she can escape with Tobias. Peter did this because he could not stand to be in her debt.

They break out of Erudite and make it to Abnegation headquarters, where the factionless have camped out. They are about to begin their plan to bring down Erudite and abolish the factions, but Tris decides that it is important that she help Marcus get this vital information from out of Erudite’s hands before the factionless destroy everything. She enlists Christina’s help, and they go to Johanna to try to get Amity on their side. When Amity refuses to get involved,

Johanna breaks away from her faction because she knows stopping the violence in the city is the right thing to do.

Back in the city, Tris and the others head to Erudite headquarters to find the computer containing the stolen Abnegation information. The factionless have already begun their invasion. Tris and Marcus make it to Jeanine's private lab, where Tris fights a simulation in order to get past security. Once past, she finds Tori with a gun pointed at Jeanine, about to kill her. Tris knows she needs Jeanine to find the information on her computer and tries to stop Tori from shooting, but it is too late; she shoots, and Jeanine dies. Tori thinks Tris is a traitor, and sends her down to be tried with all the other traitors.

Tobias, however, finally believes that what Tris says is true, and forces Caleb to help disarm the security system on the computer so they can get the information. Just as Evelyn is talking about how there will no longer be any factions, Tobias comes down and plays the video that he has retrieved. It is a woman speaking about how the factions were created as an experiment in order to get rid of the flaws in human nature and create Divergent people with flexible, virtuous minds. Lastly, she reveals that she will be joining the society, too, voluntarily forgetting everything and taking the name Edith Prior.

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Roberts, V. Edgar and Henry E. Jacobs. 1995. An Introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Roth, Veronica. 2012. Insurgent. New York: Katherine Tegen Books.

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Stanton, Robert. 2007. An Introduction to Fiction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

3. ANALYSIS

The background to the story, revealed in the first novel of the trilogy, explains how Chicago in the post-apocalyptic far future is now a society that defines its citizens by strict conformity to their social and personality-related affiliation w exercising independent will and re-threatening the population's safety through war or some other human created catastrophe. The factions are Abnegation for the selfless, Amity for the peaceful, Candor for the honest, Dauntless for the brave, and Erudite for the intelligent. Those who are tested with equal aptitude for more than one faction are deemed "Divergent". Due to their capability for independent thought beyond the restrictive nature of the factions, Divergents are considered threats to the society, hunted and killed by the ruthless leader of Erudite in order to eliminate the "threat" of independent thinking. Those who fail the initiation of their particular faction are deemed factionless, a drain on society.

3.1 Types of Negative Ideas

There are seven types of negative idea found in Insurgent’s Novel by Veronica Roth:

Crime Action

“… Jeanine attacked us to steal it. And if I am not careful, she will destroy it.” (Insurgent, 2012:25)

In the quotation above, Tris hears Johanna and father and another council member, talking in the orchards, so she sneaks out to follow them. They are wondering why chose to attack when she did. Marcus says that the reason Jeanine attacked

Abnegation was to steal some sensitive information that Abnegation had been trusted with, and he is afraid that if he tells Johanna anything more about it, Jeanine will destroy the information. This is the first time Tris realizes why Jeanine attacked and did crime action because Jeanine wants to take control all of the factions.

Revenge

“You have no idea what he did to deserve those things. He tried to kill me. And someone else-he stabbed someone else in the eye … with a butter knife. He is evil. I had every right to-“ (Insurgent, 2012:59)

Based on the quotation, when Trisgoes to get ready to work in the Amity laundry rooms the next morning, standing next to her bed. He wants to know why Tris is the one who gets to keep track of the hard drive of simulation data. Tris realizes that he has stolen it, after seeing it bulging in his pocket. Tris immediately jumps at him, and as they begin to fight, Amity citizens and hard drive from Peter's pocket.

Angry

“Don’t you dare try to apologize. This is not something you can bandage with a word or two and some hugging, or something.” (Insurgent, 2012:109)

Based on the quotation, the factionless take Tobias and Tris to see a middle-aged woman named of Abnegation thought was dead. Tobias, however, knew that she was here all along, but he gets angry to Evelyn because she left him alone with

revealed herself to Tobias and tried to get him to help with the factionless agenda against the factions, but he refused.

Control Freak

“We want to usurp Erudite. Once we get rid of them, there’s not much stopping us from controlling the government ourselves.” (Insurgent, 2012:110)

From the quotation above, the situation happens when Tris and Four have dinner with the factionless around a fire, and Edward fills them in on the current state of affairs. Dauntless is split up between the Candor compound and the Erudite compound. What is left of Abnegation is with the factionless. After, Tris falls asleep, but wakes up to Evelyn and Tobias having a discussion. Apparently the factionless have a means of documenting all the Divergent people in the factionless population, meaning they know who would be resistant to a simulation attack; the factionless have a higher percentage of Divergents than any of the factions. Evelyn reveals that the factionless hope to usurp Erudite and create a society without faction. She convinces Tobias to make Dauntless join with the factionless to defeat Erudite and form a new government system. After the attack on Erudite, she deceives Four and the factionless take control of all weapons and announce the government of factionless.

Negative Assumption

“You’re Divergent. My mom said to stay away from you because you might be dangerous.” (Insurgent, 2012:165)

Based on the quotation above, the situation takes place when Lynn introduced her brother named Hector to Tris. Hector was so careful and had to stay away because he knew that Tris is one of the Divergent. Divergent means

people who are tested with equal aptitude for more than one faction. Due to their capability for independent thought beyond the restrictive nature of the factions. Divergent are considered threats to the society, hunted and killed by the ruthless leader of Erudite in order to eliminate the “threat” of independent thinking. Divergent are considered dangerous to society for the simple fact that by being divergent, a person’s actions are not limited to making one decision. They are stronger than most (emotionally, physically, mentally), and can carry themselves in lethal situations.

Threatening

“I want one gun on her at all times. Not just aimed at her. On her.” (Insurgent, 2012:188)

Tris spot Divergent Candor woman who is awake. Tris begins stepping on pinky fingers to see if anyone responds; eventually a Candor girl does, and Tris shows her where to run. Eventually, though, she realizes Eric has discovered her. They begin to fight. He reveals that he was the one who suggested to Jeanine putting Tris in a water tank to die. Eric captures her and leads her to the rest of the Dauntless traitors. Eric orders one of Dauntless man to push a gun barrel into the back of Tris’s neck.

“So you can live with the guilt. Of knowing that you usurped me and then shot me in the head.” (Insurgent, 2012:274)

Eric demands that Tobias is the one to kill him so that he can live with the guilt is chilling, and, just like beating up his father Marcus, it shows that Tobias is determined to prove he is not the coward everyone thinks he is. At this

point, it is hard to say whether Tobias agreed to kill Eric for the sake of everyone who was hurt by him or for his own sake, to prove to himself and to everyone now looking to him as a leader that he had the strength and nerve enough to do it.

“What is it that clues you in? Tell me. Tell me or I will kill you.” (Insurgent, 2012:374)

Tris has the one thing that Jeanine wants most: the secret to controlling the Divergent and succeeding with her plans. In this quotation Tris injures Jeanine both emotionally, through her resistance of what Jeanine truly thought would be a successful serum, and physically, by scratching and clawing at her face. Jeanine may have called for Tris's execution immediately after, but this still means Tris won. Jeanine screams in frustration, and asks what it is that clues her in every time. Tris refuses to tell her, because she knows Jeanine will not kill her without that answer. Tris lunges as Jeanine and begins to punch and claw at her while she screams. Tris tells Jeanine that she will never be able to control her. She was able to withhold this crucial information and not give Jeanine what she wants.

Betraying

“I thought you were all about facts. About freedom of information? Well, how about this fact, Caleb? When did you betray our parents?” (Insurgent, 2012:368)

From the quotation above, since Tris arrived at Erudite, Tris has been thinking about her parents more than ever before. This is because she has made a sacrifice, just like them: she gave herself away to save other people who are important to her. Now that she knows she is going to die, she is attempting to embrace death the way they did. Her bother’s Caleb chooses Jeanine and Tris thinks that this is

evil. He betrayed Tris and their family in order to remain loyal to his faction, Erudite.

3.2 The Characters Who Using The Negative Ideas Marcus Eaton

Marcus Eaton is one of the council members of Abnegation and is the only one out of these who remains alive after the attack of Dauntless controlled by Erudite through simulation. He was born in Abnegation and chooses Abnegation as his faction. He is the husband of Evelyn Johnson and the father of Tobias "Four", both of whom he abused thoroughly, resulting in Evelyn leaving the family to become factionless and Four transferring to Dauntless the instant he had the choice, much to Marcus' shock as he wanted him to continue living in Abnegation. Marcus is a good friend of Tris' father, Andrew, who is also a council member of Abnegation. He is described to have been similar in appearance to his son - in particular, both of them have similar dark blue eyes.

Beatrice Prior

Beatrice Prior also known as Tris is round and dynamic character. She tries to avoid things that bring back her past. She stated this right before she cut her hair because it reminded her of her mother. Tris is also very determined. When she was asking Marcus for information and he was not giving her any. She is in a relationship with Tobias and he is her main support system. She becomes more accepting of herself and more confident. She is Divergent and understands it more. She is brave and never be able to control her. According to being Divergent

she is Abnegation, Dauntless and Erudite which means she is selfless, brave, and intelligent.

Tobias Eaton

Tobias Eaton is also known as Four, he is brave and does not have many fears. He wants to stop the war with as little problems as possible. He is strong, can lose his temper easily, and hates Marcus who is his father. He is smart and good at coming up with plans. He was elected leader of Dauntless after Eric died even though he never wanted to be leader. He wants to protect Tris. He is also stubborn at times.

Evelyn Johnson-Eaton

Evelyn Johnson-Eaton is the leader of the factionless. She is the mother of Four. She was born in Erudite but realizes that she is not smart enough for Erudite even before her initiation test. She chooses Abnegation as her faction and marries Marcus Eaton. During their marriage Marcus abuses her and eventually she had an affair and left Four with Marcus. Marcus fakes her death but she contacts Four after his transfer into Dauntless, according to Four their meeting was not a happy one. She and Tris do not see eye to eye and Tris does not trust her because she left Four with Marcus despite knowing his abusive nature. She is described as having dark hair and eyes, distinct olive skin, strong angular features and appears middle-aged.

Hector

Hector is the youngest of three children with his older sisters, Shauna and Lynn. In Insurgent, Hector is present in Candor during a meeting with other

Dauntless members and gets injected with a new serum released by Dauntless-traitor, Eric. The serum was developed by Erudite and allows them to control whoever is injected with it; they plan to make Dauntless members kill themselves every two days unless a Divergent is handed over. Under simulation, Hector, Marlene, and Kee attempt to jump off a building. He is saved by Tris and Christina, alongside Kee, though the two are unable to prevent Marlene from falling to her death.

Eric

Eric was born in Erudite and transfers to Dauntless. He is described as tall with long dark colored hair and has numerous piercings. He has dull gray color eyes appears cold and a loud and long evil laugh. In The Transfer, he is a Dauntless initiate, along with Four. He along with Erudite and Dauntless traitors attacked Candor, to capture Abnegation survivors and Divergent for testing and also injects the Dauntless with another serum. During the attack he kills the little Divergent boy and gets caught when Tris injured him. When the Dauntless find out that one of Erudite's peace conditions for Candor is to hand over Eric safely, the newly elected Dauntless leaders sentence him to death. He asks Four to be his executioner, who complies. Despite his taunting and casualness, even in the face of death, he can not be brave.

Jeanine Matthews

Jeanine Matthews is the main antagonist. She is a flat and static character. Not much is known about her or her background, except that she was raised in Erudite. She despises the Divergent. While doing testing on Tris she was

described as like a machine, cold and emotionless, bound by logic alone. She wants control of the factions. She is intelligent but is also arrogant and greedy. She plans on having Erudite and Dauntless against everyone to take control.

4.CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

The writer found out that this novel has relation to the negative ideas. Because the negative ideas is a set of thoughts that inhibits a person's steps toward better conditions and makes a person’s attitude becomes unfocused. Types of negative ideas are angry, jealous, prejudice, crime action, having negative assumption, threatening, betrayal, unfaithful, control freak, anxiety, fear, revenge, sadness, introspective, anxious, desperate, lonely, feel worthless, pessimistic, and easy to give up.

This analysis concluded that the reader can understand entire the types of the negative ideas and also tells the reader the negative impact when we did the negative ideas. The impact of the negative ideas can inhibit a person steps towards better condition. The writer found out that there are seven types of negative ideas which consist of crime action, revenge, angry, control freak, negative assumption, threatening, and betraying.

In this novel, the writer gets more explanation about the negative ideas, the type, the negative impact of it and the reason why the characters in this novel did the negative ideas. And from this novel the reader also able to understand the intention of Veronica Roth as the author of the novel that we as the human being do not have to execute the negative idea because it can be result the negative impact for our life.

4.2 Suggestion

The writer hopes that this paper can help the readers who want to know about the negative ideas that can be found in the novel Insurgent. The writer hopes that the readers know and understand the story of this novel. The writer would like to give suggestion that readers realize the importance of reading the novels as the source of information, knowledge, and messages.

This paper also can be as a guide the readers to the readers to analyze the literary works especially novel. The writer hopes that the readers can analyze

Insurgent novel from other elements of literary works, such as theme, plot, setting, point of view, and characterization.

The last but not least, nobody is perfect. It is also applicable to this paper. The writer realizes that this paper is still far from being perfect, therefore the writer really welcome any constructive critics and suggestion toward this paper. The writer hopes that this paper will be worthwhile for the readers.

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Rees (1973) says that literature is material or scientific source that is used to create a paper or other scientific activities. He added that there are two definitions of literature “literature in the broad sense” and “literature in the narrow sense”. Literature is a where I go explore the highest and lowest places in human society and the human spirit, where I hope to find not absolute truth but the truth of the tale, of the imagination and of the heart. Literature is a difficult word, in part because it is conventional contemporary meanings appears, at first sight. Literature as a concept and as a term, has become problematic, either through ideological symbol of the high culture or conversely, through demystification by radical critical theory.

Literature in a broad sense is any form of writing such as schedules, catalogs, text books, travel brochures, etc. meanwhile Literature in the narrow sense is any writing that expresses ideas, emotions, feelings, and behavior in life.

Literature, we may now agree, is writing which expresses and communicates thoughts, feeling, and attitudes toward life. Literature can only come alive through the creative imagination; without this all the technical skill in the world is useless.

2.1Novel

Novel is a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length in which characters and action representative of real life are portrayed in a plot of more or less complexity. Usually define as a series of events described in a sequence. The Novel come from the Italian “Novella” and “Novelle” by German that has

meaning is a new thing but now meant as a short story in prose. At this time, Novel has the same meaning in Italian and German. The Novella is generally not as formally experimental as the long story and the novel can be, the novella generally retains something of unity of impression that is hallmark of the short story.

The Novel is the most widely read of all kinds of literature. As literature, the novel has two kinds. First, serious novel where has social function because it can guide the readers, but entertainment novel does not care that the story will be useful or not, because it just entertains the readers and just asks the readers to read it. Roberts and Jacobs ( 1995:49) say that Novel is fictional long prose work and differentiate them from middle century and classical romance as a something new. In their books, they also said that there are four fiction aspect, fictional works consist of common elements, such as character, plot, structure and theme.

From the above statement, novel is a fictional long prose work that adopted from French and Italy to describe these works and differentiate them from middle century and classical romance as a something new.

Peck and Coyle (1984:102) say that the novel reflects a move away from and essentially religious view of life towards a new interest in the complexities of everyday experience. Most novels are concerned with ordinary people and their problems in the societies in which they find themselves. Novels are entertained and also give messages to the readers. It can also impress the readers.

Shaw (1972:189) says that a novel is lengthy fictitious narrative prose portraying character and presenting an organized series of events and settings. It means that long or short of a work is often used as a distinguishing feature between short stories and novels. Every novel has five elements: Characters - The people (or sometimes animals) the story is about. Theme - The writer of the story is trying to teach the reader and provide the message. Plot - The serial arrangement of incidents, ideas or events. Setting - When where the story takes place. Point of view - how the story is told more specifically, who is telling the story. First, person of point of view uses “I”, and is told by one of the characters of the story. Third person point of view uses an unnamed narrator who knows what all (or most) of the story’s characters are thinking.

2.1.1 Characters

The Characters in fiction novel may be defined as a verbal representation of a human being. Through action, speech, description and commentary authors portray character that are worth caring about, rooting for, and even loving, although there are also characters you may laugh at, dislike, or even hate.

The characters are revealed by how characters respond to conflict, by his or her dialogue and through descriptions. The characters in a story are the characters involved from the beginning until the end part of the story (plot). Roberts and Jacobs (1995:51) say that character is natural facsimile from the human with all good and bad characteristic. A story is usually related to big conflict of the character. It is probable to involve interaction with another in

completed situation, or with idea or ordinary condition. The character may win, lose, or relevant. He or she can learn and become better for experience or maybe lose point and no change. Furthermore, according to Roberts and Jacobs, character is the verbal realization from human, personality which determines thoughts, statements, also attitudes. The writer got interactions between character and environment through interview, action, and also comments.

From the above statement, character is nay representation of an individual being presented in a dramatic or narrative work through extended dramatic or verbal representation. Through action, speech, description, and commentary, authors portray characters are worth caring about, rooting for, and even loving, although there are also characters you may laugh at, dislike, or even hate.

2.1.2 Plot

Roberts and Jacobs (1995:88) say that plot is all the actions or incidents, speechless, thoughts, and observations are linked together to make up an entirety, sometimes called an organic unity. The essence of this unity is the development and resolution of a conflict in hic protagonist, or central character. The plot is interactions of causes and effects as they develop sequentially or chronologically. Plot is stories are made up mostly of actions or incidents that follow each other sequentially. Finding in a sequential or narrative order, however, is only the first step toward the more important consideration. The plot is the controls governing the development of the actions. In a well-plotted story,

things precede or follow each other not simply because time ticks away, but more importantly because effects follow causes

2.1.3 Setting

Setting is concerned with the places where story take a place. Setting refers to geographical location of the story, time, period, daily lifestyle of the characters and climate of the story. Background elements can be divided into three main elements, namely a place, time, and social. Backgrounds on the location of the place suggest the occurrence of the events recounted in a work fiction. The Setting is important to give realistic impression to the readers, created a certain situation at a glanced is really happened.

Another opinion about the Setting Stanton (2007:35) says that setting is the environment that surrounds an event in the story, the universe that interacts with the events taking place.

In a story or novel certainly; the Setting is the most important things in the story, which serves to build the story in a novel. Setting can be a place where an incident or events occurs, which is expressed by the description.

2.1.4 Theme

Theme is the idea underlying the literature. The Theme is sometimes supported by the depiction of the background; the work of others is implied in the characterizations.

Theme refers to the result of general and abstract thinking of writing. In this part, idea becomes the general thinking of novel. In literary study the consideration of Theme relates to meaning, interpretation, explanation, and

significance. Though themes are usually extensive and complex, separate ideas may be named by a single word.

Theme as the deliver part in a novel must be related with the other elements to build a good story. As a necessary part in a novel, it is important to know clearly what theme is.

Hamalian and Karl (1967:324) say that Theme hunting is possibly the most enjoyable and rewarding; part of a short story, but it is also the most dangerous, and the most open to wild error.

Stanton (2007:7) says that Theme gives a strong explained about the unity of what is happening in the story, and tell about the story of life in a common context. The purpose of Theme is to give a shape and effect in our mind, so make the story easy to remember.

2.1.5 Point of View

One of the most important ways in which the writers knit their stories together, and also an important way in which they try to interest and engage readers, is the careful control of point of view. By controlling the point of view, an author helps us make reasonable inferences about the story’s actions. Authors use point of view to raise some of the same questions in their fiction that perplex us in life.

Point of view is one of the elements of fiction that is classified as means of story. Point of view in a work of fiction describes who is told, from a position where events and actions were seen or suggested in the way a story is told.

It is a way or the view that the author used as means to present the characters, action, background, and various events that make up the story. Abrams (1981:142) says that Point of view is the way the author puts himself in the story or from the point which the author looked at the story.

There are four basic point of views:

1) The first point of view is the writer must whether the “I” is to be major or minor character, protagonist or observer, or someone merely repeating a narrative he has at second hand.

2) The omniscient point of view, in which the author himself tells the story in the third person. The narrator knows everything about everyone in the story and can bring into plays as much of that knowledge as he chosen.

3) Observer’s point of view, in modification of omniscient point of view, there is the narrative related from the vision of the single character used by the author as central observer or central intelligence through whom anything cleared.

4) The objective point of view, though it is the third person narrative, like the omniscient point of view, the author using this technique refrains from making a side, commenting on the action, or addressing the reader. The author becomes a seeing eye that reports but does not interpret.

2.2 The Negative Ideas

Gunarsa (1996) says that negative ideas can blame the mind and emotions of people. Tallis (1993) the negative ideas is the bad thought and makes people feel uncomfortable and pessimistic to handle problems. Karl Albert (1994)

says that the negative ideas is a thought to sink in feeling negative thoughts, worry about something happened.

Adelia (2011) says that negative ideas is a pattern or way of thinking that leads to the negative side are visible in the form of belief or idea that came out, how to behave, and daily behavior. Due to the negative side is more dominant, it is not surprising that this negative idea is filled by a priori attitude, prejudice, distrust, suspicion and skepticism which often without any reason at all.

Negative ideas is a set of thoughts that inhibits a person's steps toward better conditions and makes a person’s attitude becomes unfocused, negative idea is not only angry, jealous, or prejudice, but also crime action, having negative assumption, threatening, betrayal, unfaithful, control freak, anxiety, fear, revenge, sadness, introspective, anxious, frustrated, feeling lonely, feeling worthless, pessimistic, and easy to give up.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature (from Latin litterae (plural); letter) is the art of written work, and is not confined to publish sources (although, under some circumstances, unpublished sources can also be exempt).Roberts and Jacobs(1995:2) say that literature refers to compositions that tell stories, dramatize situations, express emotions, and analyze and advocate ideas. Before the invention of writing, literary works were necessarily spoken or sung, and were retained only as long as living people performed them.

Literature may be classified into four categories or genres: (1) prose fiction, (2) poetry, (3) drama, and (4) nonfiction prose. The writer’s choice falls into prose fiction, exactly on novel.Hawthorn(1985:1)says that novel refers to a fictitious prose narrative or tale of considerable length (now usually one length enough to fill one or more volumes) in which characters and actions represent the real life of past or present times which portrayed in a plot of more or less complexity.

Some of novels are fiction and some are based on true stories. Both are not only entertain but also give meaning messages and impression to the readers. This paper provides the negative ideas that can be found in this novel. Idea is the results of general and abstract thinking. In literature, ideas related to meaning, interpretation, explanation and significance. Literature embodies values along with ideas. Ideas are vital for an understanding and appreciation of literature. Ideas are not as obvious as character or setting. It is important to consider the

meaning of what have been read and then developedan explanatory and comprehensive assertion. Ideas can be found inany of these: direct statements by the authorial voice, direct statements by a first-person speaker, direct dramatical statements by characters, figurative language, characters who stand for ideas, and the work itself.

1.2 Problem of the Study

a. What are the negative ideas found in Veronica Roth’s Novel “Insurgent”? b. Who are the characters using the negative ideas in novel “Insurgent”?

1.3 Scope of the Study

The scope of the study is the negative ideas and the review of element of prose, those are: plot, character, theme and setting.

1.4Purpose of the Study

In relation to the problem of the study above, the purpose of the study are:

a. To find out the kinds of negative ideas in Veronica Roth’s Novel “Insurgent”.

b. To find out the characters using the negative ideas in Veronica Roth’s Novel “Insurgent”.

1.5 Method of the Study

In writing this paper, the writer used some library research. After reading the story of the novel, she focused in finding the negative ideas in the novel. She collected data from books and searching some more information from internet.

1.6 Reason For Choosing the Study

The writer chose Insurgent Novel as the topic, the work of Veronica Roth, because the writer was interested in the negative ideas found in this novel.

ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul The Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s

NovelInsurgent. Ini adalah tentang

perjuanganTrisuntukmengamankankotakpesanrahasiamasadepanduniadankotakter

sebutmenyebabkansebagian orang melakukantindakan yang negatifuntukdapatmengambilkotaktersebut. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentangpemikirannegatif yang diperankanolehtokohdalam novel tersebutDalam penyusunan kertas karya ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan membaca beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan judul ini dan sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan informasi yang bisa mendukung judul ini dan juga penelusuran dari internet untuk melengkapi data yang telah dikumpulkan. Dan penulismenyimpulkanbahwadalam proses penulisanini, penulismenemukanbahwadalam novel tersebutmencakup 7

ide negatif yang terdiridaritindakkejahatan, marah, bersifatinginmenguasaisegalanya, asumsinegatif, mengancam, danmengkhianati.

ABSTRACT

This paper is entitledThe Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s NovelInsurgent. It is about analysis of Tris’ struggle to safe keeping the future secret box of the world and that caused part of every single one did the negative idea to steal that box. This analysis aims to explains about the negative idea that have been played of the characters in the novel. In composing this paper, the writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that relevant to this title or as a source to get some information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected. The writer conclude that in the process of this paper, the writer find out that that novel has include with 7 types of the negative ideas that consist of crime action, angry, control freak, negative assumption, threatening, and betraying.

THE NEGATIVE IDEAS FOUND IN VERONICA ROTH’S NOVEL “INSURGENT “

A PAPER

BY

MARGARET HUTAPEA REG. NO. 122202039

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

It has been proved by

Supervisor,

Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL NIP. 19570308 198403 1 004

Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English Study Program

Approved by

Head of Diploma III English Study Program,

Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. NIP. 19521126198112 1 001

Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara As a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination

Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

The examination is held on

Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara Dean,

1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP) Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.

NIP. 19511013197603 1 001

Board of Examiners Signature

2. Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOL. (Supervisor) 3. Drs. ParlindunganPurba, M.Hum. (Reader)

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I, MARGARET HUTAPEA, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where references is made in text of this paper, this paper contains no material published else where or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the paper. This paper has not been submitted for aware of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed : ... Date : August, 2015

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Margaret Hutapea

Title of paper : THE NEGATIVE IDEAS FOUND IN VERONICA ROTH’S NOVEL “INSURGENT”

Qualification : D-III/ Ahli Madya

Department : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion on the librarian of the English Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed : ... Date : August, 2015

ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul The Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s

NovelInsurgent. Ini adalah tentang

perjuanganTrisuntukmengamankankotakpesanrahasiamasadepanduniadankotakter

sebutmenyebabkansebagian orang melakukantindakan yang negatifuntukdapatmengambilkotaktersebut. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentangpemikirannegatif yang diperankanolehtokohdalam novel tersebutDalam penyusunan kertas karya ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan membaca beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan judul ini dan sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan informasi yang bisa mendukung judul ini dan juga penelusuran dari internet untuk melengkapi data yang telah dikumpulkan. Dan penulismenyimpulkanbahwadalam proses penulisanini, penulismenemukanbahwadalam novel tersebutmencakup 7

ide negatif yang terdiridaritindakkejahatan, marah, bersifatinginmenguasaisegalanya, asumsinegatif, mengancam, danmengkhianati.

ABSTRACT

This paper is entitledThe Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s NovelInsurgent. It is about analysis of Tris’ struggle to safe keeping the future secret box of the world and that caused part of every single one did the negative idea to steal that box. This analysis aims to explains about the negative idea that have been played of the characters in the novel. In composing this paper, the writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that relevant to this title or as a source to get some information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected. The writer conclude that in the process of this paper, the writer find out that that novel has include with 7 types of the negative ideas that consist of crime action, angry, control freak, negative assumption, threatening, and betraying.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

All honors and worship are just given for my Almighty God, Jesus Christ for His blessingand giving me health, strength, patience and ease during the process of analyzing and finishing this paper as one of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Study Program, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, appreciation, and thanks to the dean Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara,

Dr.Syahron Lubis, M.A. andthe Head of English Department, Drs. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A.who approved this paper andI would like to express my biggest gratitude to Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOLas my supervisor, I am so thankful for the time, advice, and guidance to correct this paper during the process of writing.

I would like to say thank to my lovely family especially to my beloved parents, Jodi Hutapeaand WatySidabukke for their legacy always lives on. They are my motivation and my source of strength to finish this paper, especially my father who teaches me how to be strong. For my mother, thanks for all of the patient, support, pray, love and advice. Thank to the one and only sister Devi Sunday Hutapeafor all of smile, laughs and spirit you always give me.

I would like to give my huge thankful to all my close friends, Debby Maria F. Siahaan, Desi R. Sari Kaban, Lestari N. Manurung, Wenny S.A.B, Lya Firma Sinaga, ErydhaPratiwi, BonifasiaKacaribu, Rolly C. Tambunan,

Marlina Surya Indriani, and Hanni A. Saragih. Thanks forhaving our great time together and spending our three years in sweetness and bitterness memories.

And the last thanks are dedicated to all my friends in Class A and B Solidas 2012 that can not be mentioned one by one, thanks for everything. I will be missing you all.

Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore I welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion towards this paper. Hopefully, this paper can inspire and give knowledge for anyone in the future.

Medan, August 2015 The writer,

Margaret Hutapea Reg. No. 122202039

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRAK ... iii

ABSTRACT ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ... 2

1.3 Scope of the Study ... 2

1.4Purpose of the Study ... 2

1.5 Method of the Study ... 2

1.6 Reason for choosing the Study ... 3

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 4

2.1 Novel ... 4

2.1.1 Characters ... 6

2.1.2 Plot ... 7

2.1.3 Setting ... 8

2.1.4 Theme ... 8

2.1.5 Point of View ... 9

2.2 The Negative Ideas ... 10

3. ANALYSIS ... 12

3.1 Types of Negative Ideas ... 12

3.2 The Characters Who Using The Negative Ideas ... 17

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 21

4.1 Conclusion ... 21

4.2 Suggestion ... 22

REFERENCES ... 23

APPENDICES ... 25

A. Biography of Veronica Roth ... 25

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Margaret Hutapea

Title of paper : THE NEGATIVE IDEAS FOUND IN VERONICA ROTH’S NOVEL “INSURGENT”

Qualification : D-III/ Ahli Madya

Department : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion on the librarian of the English Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed : ... Date : August, 2015

ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul The Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s

NovelInsurgent. Ini adalah tentang

perjuanganTrisuntukmengamankankotakpesanrahasiamasadepanduniadankotakter

sebutmenyebabkansebagian orang melakukantindakan yang negatifuntukdapatmengambilkotaktersebut. Analisis ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentangpemikirannegatif yang diperankanolehtokohdalam novel tersebutDalam penyusunan kertas karya ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan membaca beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan judul ini dan sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan informasi yang bisa mendukung judul ini dan juga penelusuran dari internet untuk melengkapi data yang telah dikumpulkan. Dan penulismenyimpulkanbahwadalam proses penulisanini, penulismenemukanbahwadalam novel tersebutmencakup 7

ide negatif yang terdiridaritindakkejahatan, marah, bersifatinginmenguasaisegalanya, asumsinegatif, mengancam, danmengkhianati.

ABSTRACT

This paper is entitledThe Negative Ideas Found in Veronica Roth’s NovelInsurgent. It is about analysis of Tris’ struggle to safe keeping the future secret box of the world and that caused part of every single one did the negative idea to steal that box. This analysis aims to explains about the negative idea that have been played of the characters in the novel. In composing this paper, the writer uses the Library Research by reading some books that relevant to this title or as a source to get some information that can support this title and also by searching on internet to complete the data that have been collected. The writer conclude that in the process of this paper, the writer find out that that novel has include with 7 types of the negative ideas that consist of crime action, angry, control freak, negative assumption, threatening, and betraying.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

All honors and worship are just given for my Almighty God, Jesus Christ for His blessingand giving me health, strength, patience and ease during the process of analyzing and finishing this paper as one of the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Study Program, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, appreciation, and thanks to the dean Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara,

Dr.Syahron Lubis, M.A. andthe Head of English Department, Drs. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A.who approved this paper andI would like to express my biggest gratitude to Drs. Chairul Husni, M.Ed. TESOLas my supervisor, I am so thankful for the time, advice, and guidance to correct this paper during the process of writing.

I would like to say thank to my lovely family especially to my beloved parents, Jodi Hutapeaand WatySidabukke for their legacy always lives on. They are my motivation and my source of strength to finish this paper, especially my father who teaches me how to be strong. For my mother, thanks for all of the patient, support, pray, love and advice. Thank to the one and only sister Devi Sunday Hutapeafor all of smile, laughs and spirit you always give me.

I would like to give my huge thankful to all my close friends, Debby Maria F. Siahaan, Desi R. Sari Kaban, Lestari N. Manurung, Wenny S.A.B, Lya Firma Sinaga, ErydhaPratiwi, BonifasiaKacaribu, Rolly C. Tambunan,

Marlina Surya Indriani, and Hanni A. Saragih. Thanks forhaving our great time together and spending our three years in sweetness and bitterness memories.

And the last thanks are dedicated to all my friends in Class A and B Solidas 2012 that can not be mentioned one by one, thanks for everything. I will be missing you all.

Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore I welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion towards this paper. Hopefully, this paper can inspire and give knowledge for anyone in the future.

Medan, August 2015 The writer,

Margaret Hutapea Reg. No. 122202039

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRAK ... iii

ABSTRACT ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ... 2

1.3 Scope of the Study ... 2

1.4Purpose of the Study ... 2

1.5 Method of the Study ... 2

1.6 Reason for choosing the Study ... 3

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 4

2.1 Novel ... 4

2.1.1 Characters ... 6

2.1.2 Plot ... 7

2.1.3 Setting ... 8

2.1.4 Theme ... 8

2.1.5 Point of View ... 9

2.2 The Negative Ideas ... 10

3. ANALYSIS ... 12

3.1 Types of Negative Ideas ... 12

3.2 The Characters Who Using The Negative Ideas ... 17

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 21

4.1 Conclusion ... 21

4.2 Suggestion ... 22

REFERENCES ... 23

APPENDICES ... 25

A. Biography of Veronica Roth ... 25