TRIS’S JOURNEY TO REVEAL THE TRUTH OF DIVERGENT CHARACTERIZATION IN VERONICA ROTH’S INSURGENT NOVEL: NEW CRITICISM STUDY.

THESIS

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities State Islamic

University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya

NIYAR ANDRIA RISMA Reg. Number : A73212103

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

THE FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES ISLAMIC STATE UNIVERSITY SUNAN AMPEL

SURABAYA 2016

State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya. The Advisor: Sufi Ikrima Sa’adah, M.Hum

This thesis entitled Tris’s Journey To Reveal The Truth of Divergent Characterization In Veronica Roth’s Insurgent Novel: New Criticism Study. The objectives of the study are to describe the journey of Tris in novel and to know the goals of Tris journey. This study identifies the reasons why Tris did the journey and the process that she had been through in order to find truly Divergent characterization.

The method that is used in this study is qualitative descriptive method by analyzing of intrinsic elements by using plot theory to find out the process of Tris journey to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization in new criticism study. It uses library based study to collect books, journal, and internet sources having related with this analysis. According to New Criticism, the appropriate method that used in this study is close reading.

In the novel tells about social life of Chicago that the citizens are separated and placed in one of the dominant faction that their own have appropriate with their personality. The faction divided into five, namely abnegation, amity, Dauntless, Candor, and Erudite. Among many natures humans, there is a different nature, namely Divergent because has all five personalities. In this case writer analyzes the experience of Tris journey as Divergent makes her can change everything especially rules which has been set by the leader who wants to make simulation mind so that citizens of Chicago in a state under control. From the journey of main character concludes that Divergent can unlock the isolation and unity all citizen from factions. This study reveal the connection among the elements and the journey of main character in novel.

State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Pembimbing: Sufi Ikrima Sa’adah, M.Hum

Skripsi ini berjudul Tris’s Journey To Reveal The Truth Of Divergent Characterization In Veronica Roth’s Insurgent Novel: New Criticism Study. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menggambarkan perjalanan Tris dalam novel dan mengetahui tujuan dari perjalanan Tris. Studi ini mengidentifikasi alasan mengapa Tris melakukan perjalanan dan proses yang dia telah lalui untuk menemukan karakter Divergent.

Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menganalisis unsur intrinsik dengan menggunakan teori plot untuk mengetahui proses perjalanan Tris untuk mengungkapkan kebenaran karakterisasi divergen dalam studi kritik baru. Jenis studi ini berdasarkan pustaka untuk mengumpulkan buku, jurnal, dan sumber internet memiliki hubungan dengan analisis ini. Menurut kritik baru, metode yang sesuai yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah intensitas dalam membaca.

Dalam novel bercerita tentang kehidupan sosial Chicago bahwa warga dipisahkan dan ditempatkan di salah satu faksi dominan yang memiliki mereka sendiri yang sesuai dengan kepribadian mereka. Fraksi ini dibagi menjadi lima, yaitu penyangkalan, persahabatan, Dauntless, Candor, dan Erudite. Di antara banyak sifat manusia, ada sifat yang berbeda, yaitu divergen karena memiliki semua lima kepribadian. Dalam hal ini penulis menganalisis pengalaman perjalanan Tris sebagai divergen membuat dia bisa mengubah segalanya terutama aturan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemimpin yang ingin membuat pikiran simulasi sehingga warga Chicago dalam keadaan terkendali. Dari perjalanan karakter utama menyimpulkan bahwa divergen dapat membuka isolasi dan kesatuan semua warga dari faksi. Studi ini mengungkapkan hubungan antara unsur-unsur dan perjalanan tokoh utama dalam novel.

Declaration Page ... iii

Dedication Page ... iv

Motto ... v

Advisor’s Approval Page ... vi

Examiner’s Approval Page ... vii

Acknowledgment ... viii

Table of Contents ... x

Abstract ... xii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of study ... 1

1.2. Statement of the Problem ... 7

1.3. Objective of the study ... 7

1.4. Significance of the Study ... 7

1.5. Scope and Limitation ... 7

1.6. Method of the study ... 8

1.6.1 Research Design ... 8

1.6.2 Source of Data ... 9

1.6.3 Procedure of Data Collection ... 9

1.6.4 Procedure of Data Analysis ... 10

2.1.2 Plot ... 13

2.1.3 Characterization ... 14

2.1.4 Setting ... 15

2.2 Literary Review ... 16

CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS 3.1 Flashback From First Book Of Roth’s Trilogy, Divergent Novel ... 18

3.2 The Exposition of Tris Journey ... 21

3.3 The Conflict of Tris Journey ... 26

3.4 The Climax of Tris Journey ... 30

3.5 The Resolution of Tris Journey ... 34

3.6 The Setting of Tris Journey ... 37

3.7 The Aims of Tris Journey ... 41

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 43

WORKS CITED ... 45

APPENDIX SYNOPSIS ... 47

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1Background of Study

There are many ways of classifying or defining works of literature and the conventional categories are known as 'genres', a French word meaning kind or type. Distinctions are made according to features of construction, subject matter and theme as well as function or mode of expression on the other. Calling a work of literature a novel describes its general form or composition, and it might be further identified as an historical novel, because its subject matter is derived from historical fact or conditions. The same work might also be characterised by theme; a political power struggle, a domestic tragedy, a tale of adventure, etc. Both the internal or aesthetic characteristics and the external relationship of the work to real life, its truthfulness and validity of representation, are also taken into

consideration when classifying a work by genre. For example, a novel and a play may have the same subject matter and theme but their distinctly different

construction and form account for distinguishing genre names (Taylor:40).

One of some genres would be object of this study is dystopian, in literature, an often futuristic society that has degraded into a repressive and controlled state, though under the guise of being utopian. Dystopian literature has underlying cautionary tones, warning society that if we continue to live how we do, this will be the consequence. Dystopias usually feature different kinds of repressive social control systems, a lack or total absence of individual freedoms and expressions

and constant states of warfare or violence (encyclopedia). In short, a dystopian fiction centers on a dissenting person or group in a supposed perfect society, awakened to inhumanity and willing to affect a change. Using this definition, the authors of these works have provided each human being with instructions for recognizing and overcoming such systems in their own life (Ferris:3).

One of the author who use the genre of dystopian fiction in the literary work is Veronica Roth is an American novelist, she has created trilogy novels that have dystopian genre entitled Divergent, Insurgent, and Allegiant

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica_Roth). Based on the trilogy novels above, the writer decides to analyze Insurgent novel because it has intricate plot, a great character, and a journey of the main character in revealing the truth of Divergent characterization.

Insurgent is a science fiction young adult novel and the second book in the Divergent trilogy at 2012. As the sequel to the 2011 bestseller Divergent, it continues the story of Tris Prior and the Dystopian post-apocalyptic version of Chicago. Following the events of the previous novel, a war now looms as conflict between the factions and their ideologies grows. While trying to save the people that she loves, Tris faces questions of grief, forgiveness, identity, loyalty, politics, and love (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgent_(novel)).

The term „science fiction’ resists easy definition. This is curious, because most people have a sense of what science fiction is. Most of these novels are narratives that elaborate some imaginative or fantastic premise, perhaps involving a

postulated future society, encounters with creatures from another world, travel between planets or in time. In other words, science fiction as a genre or division of literature distinguishes its fictional worlds to one degree or another from the world in which we actually live: a fiction of the imagination rather than observed reality, a fantastic literature (Roberts:1). The Oxford English Dictionary defines science fiction as „imaginative fiction based on postulated scientific discoveries or spectacular environmental changes, frequently set in the future or on other planets and involving space or time travel’, adding that the term did not come into

common usage until the 1920s.

Insurgent was first published on May 1, 2012 by the Harper Collins imprints Katherine Tegen Books in the U.S. and Harper Collins Children's Books in the U.K, and a "Collector's Edition" was published on October 30 in the United States. Insurgent won Favorite Young Adult Fantasy & Science Fiction and Author of 2012 in 2012's Goodreads Choice Awards. It was also nominated at Children's Choice Book Awards for Teen Book Of The Year and Author Of The Year. Insurgent received mostly positive reviews from critics, with reviewers praising Roth's writing. Insurgent also filmed novel which was released on March 20, 2015 and directed by Robert Scwentke (Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia.htm).

Roth's decision to construct a society around a set of defined values, and to revolve the action around characters' embrace and rejection of what those values represent, brings up ideas teen readers are beginning to confront about nature versus nurture, family expectation versus individual free will. People aren't so

easily defined by a single virtue. They're complicated, which is why so many characters in "Insurgent" begin revealing an inconvenient truth: The factions to which they've chosen to belong are not the factions into which they were born. Many of them, it turns out, are like Tris and Tobias: They're multifactional, or Divergent.

Personality differences between individuals can be the causes of the uprising. Individual differences are usually a source of conflict which is the difference of establishment and feeling. Every human being is a unique individual, meaning that every person has the establishment and feeling different from one another. Those differences can be a factor causing social conflict, because in living social relations or in the group, it is not always in one agreement. (quoted on Crespo’s article terjemahan Indonesia). Personality differences are illustrated in the story of the novel trilogy written by Veronica Roth. She incised story about the grouping of different personality through forming some factions for the sake of a mission to destroy the factionless even the people who has Divergent character as the only object to open the secret box.

Faction system in Veronica Roth's novel trilogy implied many things that remind us how the ideal of human life, whatever norms that exist in society and how people act to face a problem. Becoming the ideal man would have to know what it is doing in the community, because the life system in the form of factions classifies the personalities that means imprisoning these people to do the

appropriate action, as Melody’s statement in her article. Faction system had to be chosen according to the personality of each, giving rise to the statement that in an

attempt to moderate the flaws of human personality, which is assumed to be the core foundation of devastating wars of the past, and therefore ―humankind’s inclination toward evil‖ (Roth: 42).

Insurgent has given new light to the Divergent series. Tris must embody her divergence as she realizes that being divergence may mask the identity of an asset that's not accepted by her society. As the secrets and deception escalate into areas of the unknown, a web of conflicts will tie over the entire society. Relationships are tested, actions are questioned, and characters reveal sides of themselves that no reader imagined possible. Insurgent employs devices similar to those of the first book, as opponents out characters' weaknesses through so-called fear simulations and elicit information from unwilling rivals with various serums injected into their necks. These unusual strategies helped solidify Tris' and Tobias' relationship in "Divergent", but in Insurgent, their bond is literally battle-tested as they are forced to reveal secrets about themselves too soon. As they fight their way from one faction territory to the next, they also fight each other and

themselves. Then, in third novel, Allegiant tells about the truth of faction system, such as to know the reason of system faction is formed.

The writer chooses this novel as materials of the study, because writer interests with Tris’s effort to reveal Divergent character who has five personality types. In story departs from what is in human, each human believed to have only one character (in this novel called factions), be smart (Erudite), Intrepid

(Dauntles), honest (Candor), peaceful (amity) and unconditional (Abnegation). But even synonymous with just one character, we as humans certainly cannot

deny that we have another feeling. And those who have more than one of these characters is considered dangerous, they called Divergent. Their presence would destroy the faction system that has been built by their ancestors hundreds of years ago. As already mentioned above, those who have more than one attitude that stands out in the call Divergent. Divergent people are considered dangerous because they could not control, they do things based on what they want as a human being. Divergent turns each have different percentage levels between one another, and Tris Prior as the main character in this film has a percentage rate reached 100 percent. After going through various obstacles and problems, Tris successfully opened the box the legacy of the founder of the system of factions, and the result was the man in the place is undergoing a trial period. So the point of life that exist on the Divergent this, they are the one real human.

The citation of novel tells about a teenage girl who has a capacity of five personality types. She competed in order to uncover the secret that will crush the evil regime. The novel is set in the city of Chicago isolated wall in a foreseeable future. Citizens are divided into five distinct factions, each with unique values and practices encompassing the virtue it represents. In the endeavour to maintain a balanced and functional society, the composite faction system includes

Abnegation, the selfless; Dauntless, the brave; Erudite, the intelligent; Amity, the kind; and Candor, the honest. An individual may belong only to one faction, and is expected to master and embody only one virtue and conduct. However, it is different with what is called the Divergent. Those of this kind possess the five personality types and one of them is a character named Tris.

The presence of the Divergent people is increasingly sought by Jeanine as the leader of Erudite faction after she found a secret box containing a message from their ancestors. The box can only be opened by Divergent character who could pass through four steps of faction testing and Jeanine believes that Tris was the only one to be able to open the box. Riddle unanswered, the assumption has been said that the divergent dangerous is wrong. The future message, in fact, explain that the Divergent is precisely the solution for all the people there. Jeanine hears this message and ordered that the mailbox should be destroyed and killed Tris and Four, but factionless forces came and arrested Jeanine.

From citation of Veronica Roth’s Insurgent, the writer decides to analyze Tris’s journey to reveal the truth of Divergent character because from the journey of main character, Tris, can reveal the secret of different character, it is Divergent. Therefore this study is applying New Criticism study, especially in plot, setting, and characterization. New Criticism study chosen because it is the main tool in an analysis to reveal the true meaning of a text based on the text itself (Tyson:136).

1.2Problems of Study

Based on the background of study above, the writer states the problems as follow:

1.2.1 How is Tris’s effort described in Insurgent novel through formal elements?

1.2.2 What are the aims of Tris’s journey? 1.3Objectives of Study

Dealing with the statement of problems above, this study has the following objectives:

1.3.1 To described the effort of Tris through formal elements in novel. 1.3.2 To know the goals of Tris’s journey.

1.4Scope and Limitation

In order to prevent non-relevant problems, the study will be limited to the novel Insurgent. The study focuses on the main character that is Tris who has Divergent characterization. To answer statement of problems stated above, instrinsic elements especially in plot, and setting concepts become the most important point to analyze. The scope of this study is upon the journey of Tris to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization.

1.5Significance of Study

The study hopes to contribute to the academic community of Sunan Ampel State Islamic University. This study aims to provide insights to Veronica Roth’s Insurgent for those who wish to know more of it also provides the necessary idea on how to analyze a novel as a supporting material and guidelines in order to study it. Not only that, it is also brought two significances. The first significance is to understand that New Criticism considers literature as a tool to convey the message including the theme in terms of the text itself that showed in the literary works. The second significance is to lead to an interesting understanding on Veronica Roth’s novel for Sunan Ampel State Islamic University students,

particularly English Department students, who are interested to take study of New Criticism.

1.6 Method Of Study

This chapter discusses how the study is conducted. It involves four main sub chapters consisting of research design, source of data, procedure of data

collection, and procedure of data analysis.

1.6.1 Research Design

In conducting this research, the researcher uses qualitative research. The data will be collected with the form of words or sentences to become narration and does not with numeric form. This research gives clearly explanation and description about the journey of main character to reveal the truth of Divergent character in Insurgent novel by applying New Criticism study.

The qualitative research means to understand the phenomenon about what is around the subject research holistically as well as decriptively in the form of the words and languages, in particular context that is natural and to utilize the various science method (Moleong: 6). It covers source of data, the data, data collection and data analysis technique.

1.6.2 Source of Data

The primary data is the main data that gives major part to data collection directly, while the secondary data is the source that gives the data to the data collection indirectly as supporting data (Sugiyono: 225). Writer uses novel

entitled Insurgent written by Veronica Roth which was published at 2012 as the source of primary data. The sources of secondary data are from the related books, paper, and journals of New Criticism Study especially about plot, setting and characterization theory that are relevant and support the data of the study.

1.6.3 Procedure of Data Collection

In order to gather the data, this study based on searching data that related to the subject studies. Some theories and other understanding that relate to the subject studies are gathered as well. The followings are steps of collecting data in this study:

1.6.3.1 Providing the main data in this study, which is Insurgent novel

1.6.3.2 Selecting some references to support this study

1.6.3.3 Collecting the data that support the analysis such as articles and online resources by reading the books from library and downloading some materials from internet.

1.6.4 Procedure of Data Analysis

In presenting the analysis, the writer mainly uses descriptive analytical method. The research follows the following steps:

1.6.4.1 Analyzing the data collected by firstly categorizing them into two points, dealing with the statement of problems. Then, each point is analyzed using New Criticism study, which refers to the objectives of the study.

1.6.4.2 Making conclusion based on the result of data analysis.

1.7 Definition of Key Term

To avoid any different perceptions between the writer and the readers in understanding the study, it is essential to give some definition of key terms used in this study. Here are the key terms explained:

1.7.1 Journey: The act of travelling from one place to another (Oxford

Dictionary). A process and place will be through by someone to achive their dream.

1.7.2 Divergent: Tending to move apart in different directions; Diverging from another or from a standard (Oxford Dictionary). Divergent is human nature has a flexible moral thinking. It has five personality; honest, brave, intelligent, selfless, and kind (Roth, 2012 : 170) 1.7.2 Faction: A clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

(Oxford Dictionary). Faction is human personality that classified means imprisioning to do appropriate action (Roth, 2012 : 42)

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Theoritical Framework

This part is centered on discussing some theories which are going to be used as a guide of conducting this research. The researcher uses New Criticism Study that has intrinsic elements are divided into five elements, they are: theme, character, plot, point of view and setting. For this research, the exactly theories to analyze are plot, setting and characteristic.

2.1.1 New Criticism

New criticism as Tyson said that is the main tool in an analysis to reveal the true meaning of a text based on the text itself (136). It means that New Criticism does not need the author’s background and intention or the reader response to get the meaning of the text. Because it is based on the text itself, New Criticism’s main focus is the formal elements that depicted in the text hich will work together to build the organic unity of the text (136). Bresseler also stated in his book that New Criticism does not even need to find extra textual information outside of the text, the text itself contains all the necessary information to discover of the meaning (55). Therefore based on the New Criticism, the writer chooses plot, character and setting to analyze Tris’s journey to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization.

2.1.2 Plot

According to Gill, plot is one of the elements of the text that can be defined as the order of events (165). Plot itself has a different meaning with story since the story is the event while plot helps the event to be ordered so it is easier for the reader follow what happened in the text. The event is usually containing

interaction between one character and other character, but it does not mean that there is no interaction of other element in developing the event. In addition, plot helps the reader to believe and understand with what the author extend about the story (165). Gill stated that this makes it clear that a plot is literary: that is to say, it is something that is made by the author arranging the events in particular order (165). However, there are some conditions that the author does not bring any important information to built a plot. For the important one, it will bring some conflicts that has to be faced by the character of the story so that the other plot will arrange appropriately with the order. It will begin with an exposition that provides background information of the story including the setting and the character. Then, the story will continue into the rising action which it has a development information. The rising action then will lead the story into the climax and will pass the next step which is called as the falling action until it ends in the resolutionof the end in the story. This theory of plot was developed by Gustav Freytag and it is called as Freytag Pyramid as it described in Kelley Griffith (30).

Gills also states that there are many kinds of plots which can affect the relation between the story and other elements of the text such as plots and past events,

plots and the aim of the characters, plots based on discoveries, plots based on the workings of society, plots based on mysteries, plots based on problem (173-180).

2.1.3 Characterization

Character is one of the most important formal elements in a text. There are no other formal elements such as plot, setting, even the theme that can work without character. Character usually followed by characterization. As what Robert DiYanni states in his book that character can be categorized as major and minor characters. A major character is usually called the protagonist. In a story,

protagonist usually has a conflict with the antagonist which sometimes also called a static character because they are not changing from the beginning until the end of the story while major caharcter called dynamic character because they are changing (155).

Richard Gill stated in his book that character is generally known as a person in a literary work while characterization is the way in which a character is created (127). In this case, character is only the figure person that created by the author and characterization completed it with psysical description, attitude, and even how they think and act in the text. So, to make the differences between character and characterization is by calling the character as the product while characterization as the method (127).

According to Gill, there are two ways in how characters are depicted in a text, it is called telling and showing (133). Telling a character is when the author describes the character by its physical appearance such as the dress, age, how the

character looks like, while showing a character is more complex than telling because the author try to show the character by its way to behave and think. The author tries to get the reader’s response to judge the character’s trait, it is good or bad, or maybe the character has other traits by showing the character’s way of behave and think in some condition (134).

Similar with Gill’s theory of telling and showing, Griffith also stated theory that can be used to analyze the character and characterization of a literary work. It is called as direct and indirect method. While in the direct method the author only describes the appearance of the character, what the character is like, in the indirect method the author describes the character through what they say, thought, speech, and act (33-34).

2.1.4 Setting

Setting is usually called the point of a novel by many readers because it is depicted where or when the scene of the story is being told. It can also be the important thing of a literary work. The author has to make the setting clear so the reader will not be confused by the scene changing. Kelly Griffith stated that there are four aspect which connected by the setting. Those are the physical, the time in which the action of a literary work takes place, the social environment of the characters, and atmosphere that can be describe as the effect of setting (40). By looking at the description, a conclusion can be shown that setting can not work alone because it usually appears to reflect other elements of a literary work.

Setting can reflect the mood of character or it can also reveal how the situation and how the personality of character (149).

In accordance with Robert DiYanni’s statement that setting is essential to meaning. It provides a historical and cultural context that enhances the understanding of characters (61). He also stated that setting is an important dimension of meaning since it reflects character and embodies theme. Setting is important for an additional reason: it symbolizes the emotional state of the character (62).

2.2 Literary Review

In order to enlarge the knowledge about this study, the writer reviewed the previous study which has relation with this study in some aspects. The first paper is Sarah E. Griffith in her graduating from Mount Saint Vincent University (2015), entitled ―Dauntless in the Face of Adversity: The Politics of Hope in Veronica Roth’s Divergent Trilogy‖. This paper is closely examine the themes, plot features, and character arcs in the Divergent Trilogy by drawing on a number of theoretical frameworks to explore five principles of a young adult critical dystopia to determine the final measure of hope. This paper discusses about Tris’s journey of self-discovery through forsakes her Abnegation family for Dauntless, as described on Divergent trilogy novel. This paper also talks about the journey of Tris to sacrifice herself to save the city from isolated wall. The second literary review is a book review of ―Insurgent Brandishes a Tougher Shailene Woodley‖ by Manohla Dargis, published March 19, 2015. This review is comparing the

classify of faction system in which, like Harry Potter and his wizardly kin, they choose their group for life. The third literary review is from Thea with her book review of Insurgent, 2012. This review focuses on how mutiny has done by main character, Tris in warfare to try revive all of faction people who influenced serum injection in order to do not kill other people. The last paper is from Margaret Hutapea in her graduating from University of Sumatra Utara (2015) entitled ―The Negative Ideas Found In Veronica Roth’s Novel Insurgent‖. This paper tells about Tris’ struggle to safe keeping the future secret box of the world and that caused part of every single one did the negative idea to steal that box. This paper aims to explains about the negative idea that have been played of the characters in the novel.

The similarities of those literary reviews and this study are analyzed about Tris’s character. Also using the same novel, that is Insurgent. The differences between them are this study will analyze on Tris’s journey in revealing the truth of Divergent characterization. That is all the similarities and differences between this study and three literary reviews.

CHAPTER III

AN ANALYSIS OF TRIS’ JOURNEY TO REVEAL THE TRUTH OF DIVERGENT CHARACTERIZATION IN VERONICA ROTH’S

INSURGENT NOVEL: A NEW CRITICISM STUDY

3.1 Flashback From First Book Of Roth’s Trilogy, Divergent Novel

Insurgent is one of the trilogy of novels Veronica Roth. Before the writer analyzes about the journey of the main character, Tris, the writer explains the first book of Roth's trilogy, it is Divergent novel. It is said that in the future, after the world war were enormous, the Chicago community is divided not by ideology or a certain understanding, but divided because of human nature. In this case human nature is divided into five, namely abnegation, amity, Dauntless, Candor, and Erudite. The difference reflects the different nature of the characters possessed of each by of the human nature.

Basic human traits that form them into factions in society. Each faction has a function and different roles in society are mutually complementary.

―Decades ago our ancestors realized that it is not political ideology, religious belief, race, or nationalism that is to blame for a warring world. Rather, they determined that it was the fault of human personality – of humankind’s inclination toward evil, in whatever form that is. They divided into factions that sought to eradicate those qualities they believed responsible for the world’s disarray.

―Those who blamed aggression formed Amity‖ ―Those who blamed ignorance became the Erudite‖ ―Those who blamed duplicity created Candor‖ ―Those who blamed selfishness made Abnegation‖

―And those who blamed cowardice were the Dauntless‖ (Roth, 2011: 42-43).

Factions that have basic properties helper, avoiding selfishness and selfless work that run the government. Being a leader who acts as the 'waiter' selfless community is Abnegation faction. Factions that have basic properties Courageous role in society as a Security Guard faction called the Dauntless. Erudite faction has an educative nature, learners, appreciate science for progress to be teachers, researchers, journalists, etc. But in this faction selfishness or selflessness allowed.

Loving pacifist factions participate more in the direction of the agricultural work and art. That faction is Amity, they are supplying foodstuffs to other

factions. And faction Abnegation, runs the government handing out food to the non-faction (factionless) who live stranded without factions, families can help them live in the world. There is also a faction that promotes fairness. Honesty above all else. This faction is acting as law enforcement as a judge. They really appreciate the openness, transparency, even overly transparent so that between them there was no secret to the things that are privacy though, is a faction of Candor.

Every child who has reached the age of sixteen must take the test or the test of their basic properties. ―Our dependents are now sixteen, they stand on the precipice of adulthood, and it is now up to them to decide what kind of people they will be’‖ (Roth, 2011: 42). And here's where the story begins when the known results of tests of Beatrice could not fit into one of the basic human nature that pertained five factions above. Breatrice has all the basic properties of various factions. And that's why the figure of Beatrice is in very dangerous position if it is known by the leaders of the factions. Beatrice is a threat to the sustainability of the community because she is 'uncontrollable'. Beatrice becomes special because it can 'regulate' the course of the simulation of mind, and serum to control the mind does not work against the Divergent. The following statement will depict an image of how the simulation is applied to Beatrice.

―In the center of the room is a reclined chair, like a dentist’s, with a machine next to it. It looks like a place where terrible things

happen. …

She stands behind me. I squeeze the armrests so tightly the redness pulls away from my knuckles. She tugs wires toward her, attaching them to me, to her, to the machine behind her. Then she passes me a vial of clear liquid.

―Drink this,‖ she says.

―What is it?‖ My throat feels swollen. I swallow hard. ―What’s going to happen?‖

I press air from my lungs and tip the contents of the vial into my mouth. My eyes close‖ (Roth, 2011: 11-13).

The journey of the main character, Beatrice or Tris as her nickname started when at the age of sixteen will face Ability Test (Aptitude Test) and Ceremony Election (Choosing Ceremony) for selecting one of the factions according to their identity. Tris, who was born in faction Abnegation has the urge to leave the native way of life faction because she felt she could not really sincerely become a

Abnegation. When finally she will choose another faction, it would also mean leaving her parents and her brother, Caleb. She decides to join the ―Dauntless‖ or the Brave faction has to hide her identity as ―Divergent‖ in order to make her life safe. The following statement shows Tris chooses ―Dauntless‖.

―Marcus as the leader of Abnegation faction offers me my knife…He nods, and I turn toward the bowls. Dauntless fire and Abnegation stones are both on my left…I hold the knife in my right hand and touch the blade to my palm. Gritting my teeth, I drag the blade down. It stings, but barely notice. I hold both hands to my chest, and next breath shudders on the way out.

I open my eyes and thrust my arm out. My blood drips onto the carpet between the two bowls. Then, with a gasp I can’t contain, I shift my hand forward, and my blood sizzles on the coals. I am selfish. I am brave‖ (Roth, 2011: 47).

From the citation story of Divergent novel above, the writer is interested in Divergent character which is a threat to the city because can not be controlled with a serum which the serum is under the control of the rulers of the Erudite and Dauntless who leaded by Jeanine. She wants to to take control of their minds.

Writer wants to know Tris effort to reveal the truth about the nature of Divergent. To answer the effort of Tris to reveal truth of the character Divergent, Tris

through many trips to reveal the different character, Divergent. Therefore the writer uses the New Criticism Study namely Plot and character to analyze this study.

3.2 The Exposition of Tris’s Journey

Exposition is the opening portion that sets the scene, introduces the main character, tells us what happens before the story is opened, and provides any other information that we need in order to understand and care about events to follow (Kennedy 12). Insurgent begins when Tris wakes up from the nightmare that still remember the scene when she had killed her close friend Will, who is still in a state under the control and influence of the simulation. Tris tries to stop Will that wants to kill her, but she could not revive him so that she has to kill Will be forced.

―I WAKE WITH his name in my mouth. Will. Before I open my eyes, I watch him crumple to the pavement again. Dead. My doing. Tobias crouches in front of me, his hand on my left shoulder. The train car bumps over the rails, and Marcus, Peter, and Caleb stand by the doorway. I take a deep breath and hold it in an attempt to relieve some of the pressure that is building in my chest. An hour ago, nothing that happened felt real to me. Now it does.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 8)

―I worked in the Dauntless control room, monitoring the security system. We only change the codes twice a year,‖ Tobias says. (Roth, 2012 : 8)

Pinpricks of light are the first sign that we are nearing Amity headquarters. Then squares of light that turn into glowing windows. A cluster of wooden and glass buildings. (Roth, 2012 : 9)

After the outbreak of war between factions Dauntless and Abnegation, Tris and her friends decided to stay in a safe place. They think is in Amity faction. And they were welcomed by the leader of Amity that is Johana Reyes, she gives them permission to stay in place. but Johanna warned them not to bring Dauntless properties in Amity place that tend to be very concerned about security.

―My name is Johanna Reyes,‖ she says, extending her hand to me, and then Tobias. A Dauntless greeting. I am impressed by her awareness of the customs of other factions. I always forget how considerate the Amity are until I see it for myself. (Roth, 2012 : 9)

―Welcome to the Amity compound.‖ Johanna’s eyes fix on my face, and she smiles crookedly. ―Let us take care of you.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 9)

We do let them. An Amity nurse gives me a salve—developed by Erudite to speed healing—to put on my shoulder, and then escorts Peter to the hospital ward to mend his arm. Johanna takes us to the cafeteria, where we find some of the Abnegation who were in the safe house with Caleb and my father. Susan is there, and some of our old neighbors, and rows of wooden tables as long as the room itself. (Roth, 2012 : 9)

Tris awaken from another dream when she was in Amity faction. This time she finds under her pillow hard drive about the setting of simulation data that controlled the Dauntless to attack Abnegation faction.

I get out of bed and lift the mattress with one hand, propping it up on my knee. Then I shove the gun beneath it and let the mattress bury it. Once it is out of sight and no longer pressed to my skin, my head feels clearer. Now that the adrenaline rush of yesterday is gone, and whatever made me sleep has worn off, the deep ache and shooting pains of my shoulder are intense. I am wearing the same clothes I wore last night. The corner of the hard drive peeks out from under my pillow, where I shoved it right before I fell asleep. On it is the simulation data that controlled the Dauntless, and the record of what the Erudite did. (Roth, 2012 : 11)

After having nightmares about the death of someone she loves, Tris makes a surprise decision to cut her hair. because she thinks that she has to make changes and eliminate memory that could make her collapsed with the death of someone she loves. At that moment, Amity leaders also makes the decision to allow them refuge in place but with the requirements of Tris and her friends. They have to rid of their weapons during a stay at the Amity. The image quotation following below.

I cut in as straight a line as I can, using my jaw as a guide. The tricky part is the back, which I can’t see very well, so I do the best I can by touch instead of sight. Locks of blond hair surround me on the floor in a semicircle. I leave the room without looking at my reflection again. (Roth, 2012 : 13)

―We have arrived at the conclusion that we will establish our faction headquarters as a safe house for members of all factions,‖ she says, ―under a set of conditions. The first is that no weaponry of any kind is allowed on the compound. The second is that if any serious conflict arises, whether verbal or physical, all involved parties will be asked to leave. The third is that the conflict may not be discussed, even privately, within the confines of this

compound. And the fourth is that everyone who stays here must contribute to the welfare of this environment by working. We will report this to Erudite, Candor, and Dauntless as soon as we can.‖ Her stare drifts to Tobias and me, and stays there. ―You are

welcome to stay here if and only if you can abide by our rules,‖ she says. ―That is our decision.‖ Johanna said. (Roth, 2012 : 14)

―I think of the gun I hid under my mattress, and the tension between me and Peter, and Tobias and Marcus, and my mouth feels dry. I am not good at avoiding conflict.‖ Tris said. (Roth, 2012 : 14)

While at Amity faction, Tris knows that Marcus keeps a secret information she doesnot know. A precious information for Abnegation faction until they are willing to risk their lives to protect that information. Tris knows that Jeanine attacks Abnegation faction not for power but in order to steal information that only known by Abnegation faction.

―There is a reason you don’t know all the things I know. A long time ago, the Abnegation were entrusted with some sensitive information,‖ says Marcus. ―Jeanine attacked us to steal it. And if I am not careful, she will destroy it, so that is all I can tell you.‖ ―But surely—‖

―No,‖ Marcus cuts her off. ―This information is far more important than you can imagine. Most of the leaders of this city risked their lives to protect it from Jeanine and died, and I will not jeopardize it now for the sake of sating your selfish curiosity.‖

The revelations of the past half hour buzz in my mind. I thought Jeanine attacked the Abnegation to seize power, but she attacked them to steal information—information only they knew.

Then the buzzing stops as I remember something else Marcus said: Most of the leaders of this city risked their lives for it. Was one of those leaders my father?

I have to know. I have to find out what could possibly be

important enough for the Abnegation to die for—and the Erudite to kill for. (Roth, 2012 : 15-16)

From the exposition story above, Tris described that Tris has no other choice, because Will is still under control of the simulation so that she was forced to kill him. Tris must learn either how to forgive herself. She still felt very guilty with the death of her dear because she thought that she was the cause of their deaths. Tris has faced a lot of grief after witnessing the death of her parents and her friend. In many ways, it would be easier for her to refuse to keep moving on through cut her hair at the begining. Furthermore, Tris finally knows that Jeanine’s reason to attacks Abnegation faction who keeps a secret information although Tris still does not understand contain of secret information.

After the exposition as the opening, the story will run and start to find the series of problems and this stage is called conflict. Conflict is a struggle between opposing force that is usually resolved in the end of story (Kennedy 12). For the conflict of this story is when Jeanine as the leader of under control of citizens has stolen vital information from Abnegation to prevent it from being revealed to everyone. They have nearly destroyed Abnegation itself, and to exterminate all the Divergent inside.

Tris hears Johana and Marcus, the father of Tobias are talking in the orchards and she decides to hear their conversation about the reasons why Jeanine ambitious leader of Erudite faction attacks Abnegation with the intent to steal and keeping the information contained in a secret box owned by Abnegation faction. The quotation following below.

―...and if you know information this crucial, it is important that I know it also so that I can share it with them. I’m sure you can understand that, Marcus.‖―There is areason you don’t know all the things I know. A long time ago, the Abnegation were

entrusted with some sensitive information,‖ says Marcus. ―Jeanine attacked us to steal it. And if I am not careful, she will destroy it, so that is all I can tell you.‖―But surely—‖―No,‖ Marcus cuts her off. ―This information is far more important than you can imagine. Most of the leaders of this city risked their lives to protect it from Jeanine and died, and I will not jeopardize it now for the sake of sating your selfish curiosity.‖ Johanna is quiet for a few seconds. It’s so dark now I can barely see my own hands. The air smells like dirt and apples, and I try not to breathe it too loudly. ―I’m sorry,‖ says Johanna. ―I must have done something to make you believe I

am not trustworthy.‖ ―The last time I trusted a faction representative with this information, all my friends were

murdered,‖ he replies. ―I don’t trust anyone anymore.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 15)

Dauntless and Erudite suddenly come to Abnegation faction with their guns in hand. It makes Tris and her friends have to escape from Amity place because Dauntless dan Erudite are looking for someone who has Divergent character. Tris and her friend try to start running but eventually the soldiers catch up and start to shooting them. Tris and her friends follow the railroad tracks into the city, and jump onto a train when it comes.

A pair of Dauntless traitors stand by the door to the dining hall, their guns in hand, and I stiffen. It feels real to me, suddenly, that I am unarmed and being herded into a building surrounded by Erudite and Dauntless, and if they discover me, there will be nowhere to run. They will shoot me on the spot. (Roth, 2012 : 32) ―Our Erudite and Dauntless friends are looking for some people,‖ Johanna says. ―Several members of Abnegation, three members of Dauntless, and a former Erudite initiate.‖ She smiles. ―In the interest of full cooperation, I told them that the people they were looking for were, in fact, here, but have since moved on. (Roth, 2012 : 32)

WE DECIDE TO follow the railroad tracks to the city, because none of us is good at navigation. I walk from tie to tie, Tobias balances on the rail, wobbling only occasionally, and Caleb and Susan shuffle behind us. We all get off the tracks. Caleb gives Susan step-by-step instructions for getting on a moving train. (Roth, 2012 : 35)

In the train, Tris and her friends meet factionless man with his soldier, here conflict started to happen because factionless man tries to fight Tris and her friends. But when Four says his real name is Tobias Eaton, they stop their fight because long time they are looking for them. So Tris and her friends allowed to follow them.

... Behind him, someone else holds a large plank of wood with a nail sticking out of it. ―I’ve never seen the Amity armed before,‖ the factionless woman with the knife says The factionless man with the gun looks familiar.

Tobias steps forward, so Edward’s gun is almost against his throat. ―My name is Tobias Eaton,‖ Tobias says. ―I don’t think you want to push me off this train.‖ The effect of the name on the people in the car is immediate and bewildering: they lower their weapons. They exchange meaningful looks. ―Eaton? Really?‖ Edward says, eyebrows raised. ―I have to admit, I did not see that

coming.‖ He clears his throat. ―Fine, you can come. But when we get to the city, you’ve got to come with us.‖ Then he smiles a little. ―We know someone who’s been looking for you, Tobias Eaton.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 35-36)

During in Factionless place, Tris thinks that they have to go to Candor and find out what is going on because the Candor are merciless, but honest. There, Jack as leader of Candor says that they have been accused of crimes against humanity. Because they are from Dauntless that have been destroyed Abnegation faction. But Four denies the charges so that Four decides to give evidence through they ready given truth serum and answering personal questions.

I shake my head. ―I have to go to Candor headquarters and find out what’s going on,‖ I say. ―I’m going crazy, not knowing.‖ I force a smile. ―But you should go. Susan needs you. She seems better, but she still needs you.‖ Candor headquarters is large enough to contain an entire world. Or so it seems to me.

It is a wide cement building that overlooks what was once the river. The sign says MERC IS MART—it used to read

―Merchandise Mart,‖ but most people refer to it as the Merciless Mart, because the Candor are merciless, but honest. They seem to have embraced the nickname. (Roth, 2012 : 44-45)

―We saw video footage of the attack. You were running the attack simulation,‖ says Jack. ―How could you have seen footage? We took the data,‖ says Tobias. ―You took one copy of the data. All the footage of the Dauntless compound recorded during the attack was also sent to other computers throughout the city,‖ says Jack. The truth will come out when you are both interrogated under the influence of truth serum.‖ Christina told me about truth serum once. She said the most difficult part of Candor initiation was being given truth serum and answering personal questions in front of everyone in the faction. I don’t need to search myself for my deepest, darkest secrets to know that truth serum is the last thing I want in my body. (Roth, 2012 : 46-47)

The conflict of the story above describes that Tris wants to know the reason Jeanine as the ambitious leader who attacks Abnegation faction because she has stolen the sensitive important information that Abnegation has. She also faces some conflicts in some places. In Amity Tris and her friends try to escape from there because suddenly Dauntless and Erudite soldiers come to Amity and

looking for Divergent. After they success to escape from there, Tris and her friends who were riding the train to the city which they think are secure, it turns out they meet factionless man who wants to fight them. But the fight is not long happen because factionless man know that there is Tobias Eaton that they long sought them, then Tris and friends get save place. But it is not stop here, because Tris thinks that she has to go to Candor. She wants to know what’s going on. 3.4 The Climax of Tris’s Journey

The next stage is climax, which is the turning point or a moment of greatest tension that fixes the outcome. According to Kennedy, climax is the turning point in which the action reaches its acme and one opposing force wins the other loses, in mystery or detective fiction the crime is solved (12). In this story, the climax is when Jeanine finds the secret box that can only be opened by someone who has divergent character that has five factions. Further Jeanine and her soldiers find and arrest all people who are categorized as divergent to make them under control of simulation, so that they can open the box. But the object of the experiment failed. Do not stop there, they are still looking for people who are detected as divergent in chicago through a message that they sent with doing under control of simulation. The quotation following below.

―Simulation,‖ she says. ―There’s a simulation. It’s not everyone, it’s just … just a few.‖

She puts her hands on her knees and takes deep breaths. ―One of them said something about the Divergent,‖ she says.

―Said that?‖ I say. ―While under a simulation?‖

She nods. ―Marlene. Didn’t sound like her, though. Too … monotone.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 99)

I have a message for the Divergent. I am Divergent. This is not a negotiation. No, it is not. It is a warning.

I understand. Every two days until one of you delivers yourself to Erudite headquarters …

I will.

… this will happen again. It will never happen again. (Roth, 2012 : 100)

Seeing there are many victims, finally Tris decides to betray Tobias in a way and go to the Erudite headquarters, Jeanine. Tris sacrifices herself as a divergent so that no one else would have to die for material experiments that are conducted by jeanine to open the secret box that is believed to be contained important sensitive information.

Could I do that? Could I stay here, fix things with him, let someone else die in my place? Looking up at him, I believ for a moment that I could. And then I see Will. The crease between his eyebrows. The empty, simulation-bound eyes. The slumpe body.

But if I don’t go to Erudite, who will? Tobias?... (Roth, 2012 : 104)

I walk to the end of the hallway and turn a corner. The corridor is lit by a paint-spattered emergency lamp that hangs over one of

the exits. Christina isn’t wearing shoes; she curls her toes under to protect them from the cold.

―What is it?‖ she says. ―Are you going somewhere?‖

―Yeah, I’m …‖ I have to lie, or she’ll try to stop me. ―I’m going to see my brother. He’s with the Abnegation, remember?‖

―The timing of the simulation attack wasn’t random. The reason it happened when it did is because the Abnegation were about to do something—I don’t know what it was, but it had to do with some important information, and now Jeanine has that information….‖ (Roth, 2012 : 105)

Jeanine needs Tris because she is one of the strongest divergent. Jeanine tells to Tris that Tris tested into three different factions, Abnegation, Dauntless, and Erudite. Jeanine does not explain her purpose why Tris will be executed.

―Even among the Divergent, you are somewhat of an oddity, because you have aptitude for three factions. Abnegation, Dauntless, and Erudite.‖

―How …‖ My voice croaks. I push the question out. ―How do you know that?‖

―All in good time,‖ she says. ―From your results I have determined that you are one of the strongest Divergent, which I say not to compliment you but to explain my purpose. If I am to develop a simulation that cannot be thwarted by the Divergent mind, I must study the strongest Divergent mind in order to shore up all weaknesses in the technology. Understand?‖

I don’t respond. I am still staring at the heart monitor next to the table.

―Therefore, for as long as possible, my fellow scientists and I will be studying you.‖ She smiles a little. ―And then, at the conclusion of my study, you will be executed.‖

I knew that. I knew it, so why do my knees feel weak, why is my stomach writhing, why?

―That execution will take place here.‖ She runs her fingertips over the table beneath her. ―On this table. I thought it would be interesting to show it to you.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 109)

Furthemore, Tris is scanned in an MRI machine, and it will take pictures of her brain. Tris wants to see the scan, no matter how many Jeanine gives restraints to her. But Jeanine does not approve the request Tris to see the scene, however she was forced Tris to cooperative. The quotation following below.

A large machine stands on the other side, with a man-sized tray coming out of it. I recognize it from my Faction Historytextbook, the unit on Erudite and medicine. An MRI machine. It will take pictures of my brain. (Roth, 2012 : 109-110)

―Let’s make a deal,‖ I say. ―If I cooperate, I get to see the scan.‖ ―You will cooperate whether you want to or not.‖

I hold up a finger. ―That’s not true.‖

I look at the mirror. It’s not so difficult to pretend that I’m speaking to Jeanine when I speak to my own reflection. My hair is blond like hers; we are both pale and stern-looking. The thought is so

disturbing to me that I lose my train of thought for a few seconds, and instead stand with my finger in the air in silence.

I am pale-skinned, pale-haired, and cold. I am curious about the pictures of my brain. I am like Jeanine. And I can either despise it, attack it, eradicate it … or I can use it.

―That’s not true,‖ I repeat. ―No matter how many restraints you use, you can’t keep me as still as I need to be for the pictures to be clear.‖ I clear my throat. ―I want to see the scans. You’re going to kill me anyway, so does it really matter how much I know about my own brain before you do?‖

Silence.

―Why do you want to see them so badly?‖ she says.

―Surely you, of all people, understand. I have equal aptitude for Erudite as I do for Dauntless and Abnegation, after all.‖

―All right. You can see them. Lie down.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 110)

3.5 The Resolution of Tris’s Journey

The last stage of plot is resolution, which is the cooling down process during the reading the novel, this stage contains the result of the problem. Kennedy states that resolution is the author shows the result of whatever was decided or revealed at the climax before (12).

Tris says she just wants to know the truth, so she decides to get some more information and find out the truth of the secret information that reveals who is Divergent character and the reason of Erudite would attacks Abnegation faction was to steal some sensitive information.

―Maybe you’re right,‖ I say, ―but shouldn’t we find out what’s going on? Just to be sure?‖ ―I think it’s more important that we

deal with the situation at hand,‖ says Tobias. ―Go back to the city. Find out what’s going on there. Find a way to take Erudite down. Then maybe we can find out what Marcus was talking about, after this is all resolved. Okay?‖

―I nod. It sounds like a good plan—a smart plan. But I don’t believe him—I don’t believe it’s more important to move forward than to find out the truth. When I found out that I was Divergent … when I found out that Erudite would attack Abnegation… those revelations changed everything. The truth has a way of changing a person’s plans.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 17)

From the citation above can summarize that Tris finds out the secret of information that describe who is Divergent character. Tris tries to continue doing the simulation to open the secret box, and it is success the box has opened and there is importan information that should be known by the citizens of Chicago about divergent. Tobias believes that the purpose of Tris to open the secret box is correct and said that the information contained in the box is information that can change everything to Chicago’s citizens. And the information below.

When a secret box is opened, appeared someone introduce herself as Amanda Ritter who started talking about the purpose of the factions formed. She comes from an organization that fought for justice and prosperity for the people of Chicago, she said that the violence in Chicago must be destroyed as a result of which come from human nature itself. She formed a society with fragmentary hope to be able to find the human nature has a flexible moral thinking. She said that the named Divergent. She hopes to find someone that is Divergent to end the isolation that had been formed.

―Hello,‖ she says. ―My name is Amanda Ritter. In this file I will tell you only what you need to know. I am the leader of an organization fighting for justice and peace. This fight has become increasingly more important—and consequently, nearly impossible—in the past few decades. That is because of this.‖

Images flash across the wall, almost too fast for me to see. A man on his knees with a gun pressed to his forehead. The woman pointing it at him, her face emotionless.

From a distance, a small person hanging by the neck from a telephone pole.

A hole in the ground the size of a house, full of bodies.

And there are other images too, but they move faster, so I get only impressions of blood and bone and death and cruelty, empty faces, soulless eyes, terrified eyes.

Just when I have had enough, when I feel like I am going to scream if I see any more, the woman reappears on the screen, behind her desk.

―You do not remember any of that,‖ she says. ―But if you are thinking these are the actions of a terrorist group or a tyrannical government regime, you are only partially correct. Half of the people in those pictures, committing those terrible acts, were your neighbors. Your relatives. Your coworkers. The battle we are fighting is not against a particular group. It is against human nature itself—or at least what it has become.‖

This is what Jeanine was willing to enslave minds and murder people for—to keep us all from knowing. To keep us all ignorant and safe and inside the fence.

There is a part of me that understands.

―That is why you are so important,‖ Amanda says. ―Our struggle against violence and cruelty is only treating the symptoms of a disease, not curing it. You are the cure.

―In order to keep you safe, we devised a way for you to be separated from us. From our water supply. From our

technology. From our societal structure. We have formed your society in a particular way in the hope that you will rediscover the moral sense most of us have lost. Over time, we hope that you will begin to change as most of us cannot.

―The reason I am leaving this footage for you is so that you will know when it’s time to help us. You will know that it is time when there are many among you whose minds appear to be more

flexible than the others. The name you should give those people is Divergent. Once they become abundant among you, your leaders should give the command for Amity to unlock the gate forever, so that you may emerge from your isolation.‖

And that is what my parents wanted to do: to take what we had learned and use it to help others. Abnegation to the end.

―The information in this video is to be restricted to those in government only,‖ Amanda says. ―You are to be a clean slate. But do not forget us.‖―My name will be Edith Prior,‖ she says. ―And there is much I am happy to forget.‖

Prior. (Roth, 2012 : 170)

Kelly Griffith stated that there are four aspect which connected by the setting. Those are the physical, the time in which the action of a literary work takes place, the social environment of the characters, and atmosphere that can be describe as the effect of setting (40). There are many places that set up in story. First; Amity compound is one of the main settings in the story. Tris, Tobias, and others arrive at Amity after being on the run. Amity is represented by Johanna Reyes, she asks them to turn over any weapons, if there is conflict arise all involved parties will be asked to leave, and everyone who stays here must contribute to the welfare of this environment by working. during stay in Amity. The quotation following below.

Marcus stops before an open room, where Johanna Reyes, representative of Amity, sits, staring out the window. I recognize her because it is hard to forget Johanna’s face, whether you’ve seen her once or a thousand times. She looks over Marcus’s shoulder, first at Tobias and Caleb, then at me, then at Peter. ―Oh my,‖ she says, her eyes lingering on the blood soaking Peter’s shirt. ―I’ll send for a doctor. I can grant you all permission to stay the night, but tomorrow, our community must decide together. And‖—she eyes Tobias and me—―they will likely not be enthusiastic about a Dauntless presence in our compound. I of course ask you to turn over any weapons you might have.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 9)

―We have arrived at the conclusion that we will establish our faction headquarters as a safe house for members of all factions,‖ she says, ―under a set of conditions. The first is that no weaponry of any kind is allowed on the compound. The second is that if any serious conflict arises, whether verbal or physical, all involved

parties will be asked to leave. The third is that the conflict may not be discussed, even privately, within the confines of this

compound. And the fourth is that everyone who stays here must contribute to the welfare of this environment by working. (Roth, 2012 : 14)

Second, suddenly Dauntless arrives to Amity that make a mess to looking for a Divergent. Tris and her friends escape from Dauntless forces and leave Amity faction by train and were met factionless man with the gun looks familiar. They try to fight Tris and her friend, but when Four says his real name is Tobias Eaton, they stop their attack because they have been looking for him. Then they allow Tris and friends to get to safe palce, it is factionless storehouse.

... Behind him, someone else holds a large plank of wood with a nail sticking out of it. ―I’ve never seen the Amity armed before,‖ the factionless woman with the knife says The factionless man with the gun looks familiar.

Tobias steps forward, so Edward’s gun is almost against his throat. ―My name is Tobias Eaton,‖ Tobias says. ―I don’t think you want to push me off this train.‖ The effect of the name on the people in the car is immediate and bewildering: they lower their weapons. They exchange meaningful looks. ―Eaton? Really?‖ Edward says, eyebrows raised. ―I have to admit, I did not see that

coming.‖ He clears his throat. ―Fine, you can come. But when we get to the city, you’ve got to come with us.‖ Then he smiles a little. ―We know someone who’s been looking for you, Tobias Eaton.‖ We are in a factionless storehouse, and the factionless, who are supposed to be scattered, isolated, and without community … are together inside it. Are together, like a faction. (Roth, 2012 : 35-36)

The third setting is in Candor faction. The leader of Candor is Jack Kang. Candor faction is the faction that highly appreciates a honesty. Jack says that they have been accused of crimes against humanity. Because they are from Dauntless that have been destroyed Abnegation faction. But Four denies the charges so that Four decides to give evidence through they ready given truth serum and

answering personal questions in front of everyone in the faction.

Jack Kang, representative of Candor...―What are we accused of?‖ I interrupt him. ―He is accused of crimes against humanity. You are accused of being his accomplice.‖ ―Crimes against

humanity?‖ Tobias finally sounds angry. He gives Jack a disgusted look. ―What?‖

―We saw video footage of the attack. You were running the attack simulation,‖ says Jack. ―How could you have seen footage? We took the data,‖ says Tobias. ―You took one copy of the data. All the footage of the Dauntless compound recorded during the attack was also sent to other computers throughout the city,‖ says Jack.

The truth will come out when you are both interrogated under the influence of truth serum.‖ Christina told me about truth serum once. She said the most difficult part of Candor initiation was being given truth serum and answering personal questions in front of everyone in the faction. I don’t need to search myself for my deepest, darkest secrets to know that truth serum is the last thing I want in my body. (Roth, 2012 : 46-47)

The last setting is in Erudite faction. When Tris submits herself to Erudite headquarters, Jeanine who wants to open secret box. Because only Tris as

MRI machine and doing some tests of under simulation control to open secret box. The quotation following below.

A large machine stands on the other side, with a man-sized tray coming out of it. I recognize it from my Faction Historytextbook, the unit on Erudite and medicine. An MRI machine. It will take pictures of my brain. (Roth, 2012 : 109-110)

―All in good time,‖ she says. ―From your results I have determined that you are one of the strongest Divergent, which I say not to compliment you but to explain my purpose. If I am to develop a simulation that cannot be thwarted by the Divergent mind, I must study the strongest Divergent mind in order to shore up all weaknesses in the technology. (Roth, 2012 : 109)

From citation above, there are four places which Tris and friends have been staying. From the fourth places, each place there is conflict happend. It makes the atmosphere of storyline become strained.

3.7 The Aims of Tris’s Journey

The goals of Tris’s journey is reaveling the truth of the Divergent

characterization who always become the dangerous character and has to destroy because it cannot under control of simulation. Therefore through a secret box which believed has a sensisitive important information reveals that there is a woman from outside the fence is a likely ancestor of Tris's. It also reveals some important things about the time that we have someone among us who has a

flexible and cure mind to end the isolation of factions that have been done, and the name that given those people is Divergent.

―The reason I am leaving this footage for you is so that you will know when it’s time to help us. You will know that it is time when there are many among you whose minds appear to be more

flexible than the others. The name you should give those people is Divergent. Once they become abundant among you, your leaders should give the command for Amity to unlock the gate forever, so that you may emerge from your isolation.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 170) The important information that has revealed also explains about the reason for the world requires divergent character is because to destroy of someone who wants to enslave minds and murder people for-to keep us all from knowing. To keep us all ignorant and safe and inside the fence. ―That is why you are so important,‖ Amanda says. ―Our struggle against violence and cruelty is only treating the symptoms of a disease, not curing it. You are the cure.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 170).

For the reason of faction formed is just because living in a world without it would be, for them, like losing the core part of their identities. On choosing day, 16-year-olds choose who they are, and their identities are defined for them by the values of their faction. Each community has their unique way of life. The member of the community has to follow the rules created by their leader. ―My mouth goes dry. No factions? A world in which no one knows who they are or where they fit? I can't even fathom it. I imagine only chaos and isolation.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 110).

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

Based on the analysis of the journey to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization, Roth clearly shows the development of the story through a plot that was formed. All of the action from the journey of main character, Tris is aimed to give explanation about the truly of Divergent characterization in the story. In the begining story tells about social life of Chicago that the citizens are separated and placed in one of the dominant faction that their own have

appropriate with their personality. The faction divided into five, namely

abnegation, amity, Dauntless, Candor, and Erudite. Among many natures humans, it turns out there is a different nature, namely Divergent. _{Different nature means} that Divergent has all the basic properties of various factions. But Chicago’s citizens consider that Divergent is very dangerous because cannot be controlled of simulation mind, so must be destroyed. The people who has Divergent personality will be killed by leader of factions, Erudite and Dauntless.

The simulation of mind is given to the one of the brave faction, Dauntless with the aim that they will follow any orders given by ruler to fight against

faction’s weak, Abnegation. In this case, a main character, Tris who has Divergent character also comes from Abnegation blood and Dauntless faction wants to change the rules which has been set. She reveals that Divergent is special character because it cannot be controlled by simulation of mind and the key to

unlock the isolation that has been formed also to unite all citizens Chicago separated within certain factions, so Chicago city become peace and no war between people because of the nature of Divergent is flexible not only the dominant trait but also has all the properties that is honest, brave, smart, selfless, and loved the peace, Divergent can put its characters according to circumstances.

4.2 Suggestion

The writer hopes that this paper can help the readers who want to know about the journey of main character, Tris to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization in Insurgent novel. The writer hopes that the readers know and understand the story of this novel. The writer would like to give suggestion that readers realize the importance of reading the novel as the source of information, knowledge and messages.

This paper also can be as guide the readers to the readers to analyze the literary works especially novel. The writer hopes that the readers can analyze Insurgent novel from other elements of literary works and another view point.

The last but not least, nobody is perfect. It is also applicable to this paper. The writer realizes that this paper is still far from being perfect, therefore the writer really welcome any constructive critics and suggestion toward this paper. The writer hopes that this paper will be worthwhile for the readers.

WORK CITED

Altenbernd, Lynn and Leslie L. Lewis. A Handbook for the Study of Fiction. London: The Macmillan Company. 1966.

Carter, David. Literary Theory. Harpenden, Herts: The Pocket Essential. 2006. Dargis, Manohla. Insurgent Brandishes a Tougher Shailene Woodley. Jakarta:

State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah. Book Review. Published: March 19, 2015. 2015.

DiYanni, Robert. Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, And Drama. USA: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. 2000.

Gill, Richard. Mastering English Literature. Second Edition. New York: Palgrave Master Series. 1995

Griffith, Kelly. Writing Essay About Literature: A Guide and Style Sheet. Fifth Edition. New York: Harcrout Brace. 1992

Griffith, Sarrah E. Dauntless in the Face of Adversity: The Politics of Hope in Veronica Roth’s Divergent Trilogy. London: Mount Saint Vincent University. 2015.

Hutapea, Margaret. The Negative Ideas Found In Veronica Roth’s Novel Insurgent. Medan: University of Sumatra Utara. 2015.

Roberts, Adam. Science Fiction. London: University of London. 2000.

Roth, Veronica. Insurgent. Harper Collins: tuttle Mori Agency. (Terjemahan dalam Bahasa Indonesia oleh Aini, Nur. Bandung: PT Mizan Pustaka). 2012.

Taylor, Richard. Undertanding The Elements of Literature. London: The Macmillan Press LTD. 1981.

Thea. 2012. Review Insurgent. Published: 2012.

Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today second edition. Routledge: United Stated of America. 2006.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgent_(novel) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica_Roth Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm

MRI machine and doing some tests of under simulation control to open secret box. The quotation following below.

A large machine stands on the other side, with a man-sized tray coming out of it. I recognize it from my Faction Historytextbook, the unit on Erudite and medicine. An MRI machine. It will take pictures of my brain. (Roth, 2012 : 109-110)

―All in good time,‖ she says. ―From your results I have determined

that you are one of the strongest Divergent, which I say not to compliment you but to explain my purpose. If I am to develop a simulation that cannot be thwarted by the Divergent mind, I must study the strongest Divergent mind in order to shore up all weaknesses in the technology. (Roth, 2012 : 109)

From citation above, there are four places which Tris and friends have been staying. From the fourth places, each place there is conflict happend. It makes the atmosphere of storyline become strained.

3.7 The Aims of Tris’s Journey

The goals of Tris’s journey is reaveling the truth of the Divergent

characterization who always become the dangerous character and has to destroy because it cannot under control of simulation. Therefore through a secret box which believed has a sensisitive important information reveals that there is a woman from outside the fence is a likely ancestor of Tris's. It also reveals some

―The reason I am leaving this footage for you is so that you will know when it’s time to help us. You will know that it is time when there are many among you whose minds appear to be more

flexible than the others. The name you should give those people is Divergent. Once they become abundant among you, your leaders should give the command for Amity to unlock the gate forever, so that you may emerge from your isolation.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 170) The important information that has revealed also explains about the reason for the world requires divergent character is because to destroy of someone who wants to enslave minds and murder people for-to keep us all from knowing. To keep us all ignorant and safe and inside the fence. ―That is why you are so

important,‖ Amanda says. ―Our struggle against violence and cruelty is only

treating the symptoms of a disease, not curing it. You are the cure.‖ (Roth, 2012 : 170).

For the reason of faction formed is just because living in a world without it would be, for them, like losing the core part of their identities. On choosing day, 16-year-olds choose who they are, and their identities are defined for them by the values of their faction. Each community has their unique way of life. The member of the community has to follow the rules created by their leader.

―My mouth goes dry. No factions? A world in which no one knows who they are or where they fit? I can't even fathom it. I imagine only chaos and isolation.‖

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

Based on the analysis of the journey to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization, Roth clearly shows the development of the story through a plot that was formed. All of the action from the journey of main character, Tris is aimed to give explanation about the truly of Divergent characterization in the story. In the begining story tells about social life of Chicago that the citizens are separated and placed in one of the dominant faction that their own have

appropriate with their personality. The faction divided into five, namely

abnegation, amity, Dauntless, Candor, and Erudite. Among many natures humans, it turns out there is a different nature, namely Divergent. _{Different nature means} that Divergent has all the basic properties of various factions. But Chicago’s citizens consider that Divergent is very dangerous because cannot be controlled of simulation mind, so must be destroyed. The people who has Divergent personality will be killed by leader of factions, Erudite and Dauntless.

The simulation of mind is given to the one of the brave faction, Dauntless with the aim that they will follow any orders given by ruler to fight against

faction’s weak, Abnegation. In this case, a main character, Tris who has Divergent

unlock the isolation that has been formed also to unite all citizens Chicago separated within certain factions, so Chicago city become peace and no war between people because of the nature of Divergent is flexible not only the dominant trait but also has all the properties that is honest, brave, smart, selfless, and loved the peace, Divergent can put its characters according to circumstances.

4.2 Suggestion

The writer hopes that this paper can help the readers who want to know about the journey of main character, Tris to reveal the truth of Divergent characterization in Insurgent novel. The writer hopes that the readers know and understand the story of this novel. The writer would like to give suggestion that readers realize the importance of reading the novel as the source of information, knowledge and messages.

This paper also can be as guide the readers to the readers to analyze the literary works especially novel. The writer hopes that the readers can analyze Insurgent novel from other elements of literary works and another view point.

The last but not least, nobody is perfect. It is also applicable to this paper. The writer realizes that this paper is still far from being perfect, therefore the writer really welcome any constructive critics and suggestion toward this paper. The writer hopes that this paper will be worthwhile for the readers.

WORK CITED

Altenbernd, Lynn and Leslie L. Lewis. A Handbook for the Study of Fiction. London: The Macmillan Company. 1966.

Carter, David. Literary Theory. Harpenden, Herts: The Pocket Essential. 2006. Dargis, Manohla. Insurgent Brandishes a Tougher Shailene Woodley. Jakarta:

State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah. Book Review. Published: March 19, 2015. 2015.

DiYanni, Robert. Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, And Drama. USA: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. 2000.

Gill, Richard. Mastering English Literature. Second Edition. New York: Palgrave Master Series. 1995

Griffith, Kelly. Writing Essay About Literature: A Guide and Style Sheet. Fifth Edition. New York: Harcrout Brace. 1992

Griffith, Sarrah E. Dauntless in the Face of Adversity: The Politics of Hope in

Veronica Roth’s Divergent Trilogy. London: Mount Saint Vincent

University. 2015.

Hutapea, Margaret. The Negative Ideas Found In Veronica Roth’s Novel Insurgent. Medan: University of Sumatra Utara. 2015.

Roberts, Adam. Science Fiction. London: University of London. 2000.

Roth, Veronica. Insurgent. Harper Collins: tuttle Mori Agency. (Terjemahan dalam Bahasa Indonesia oleh Aini, Nur. Bandung: PT Mizan Pustaka). 2012.

Thea. 2012. Review Insurgent. Published: 2012.

Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today second edition. Routledge: United Stated of America. 2006.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgent_(novel) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica_Roth Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm