Data Collection Technique Data Analysis Technique

47 if the speaker gives or asks a further reason about hisher refusal. It may lead the hearer to feel that the speaker pays more attention towards himher and treats himher as a friend. On the other hand, the most dominant strategy of negative politeness in Boyhood is minimizing the imposition. It happens since, in many cases, the imposition is great enough so the characters try to reduce the tension by using the strategy of minimizing the imposition. By performing this strategy, the addressee can accept the refusal without getting really upset or disappointed. In term of the second objective, there are two factors that influence a speaker in choosing a certain type of politeness strategies. Those factors are payoff and relevant circumstances. Relevance circumstances consist of three elements, namely social distance, relative power, and rank of imposition. In this research, payoff, as a prior assumption, is a factor that always occurs in every conversation, which influences the speaker to choose the strategy between positive and negative politeness. Positive politeness strategy is more dominant since the relationship between the characters is relatively close and there is no big difference in terms of age, social status, and power. On the other hand, negative politeness strategies are only used in some conversations whose participants are not close. Since their relationship is not close, they tend to be more careful in refusing other characters’ offer, suggestion, invitation, or request. The second factor which always influences a speaker to choose a certain strategy is the relevant circumstances. Relevant circumstances consist of three elements: social distance, relative power, and rank of imposition. Based on the 48 analysis, social distance is the main element of relevant circumstances that influences a speaker in choosing a certain strategy. If the relationship between the participants of the conversation is close, the speaker tends to use positive politeness strategy. On the contrary, if there is a distance between the participants, negative politeness strategy is preferable. In this research, the least element of relevant circumstances which influence a speaker in choosing a certain strategy is relative power. It happens since in Boyhood, there are only few participants who have different power in a same conversation. This research results reveal that if the addressee has more power than the speaker, the speaker tends to use negative politeness to show respect and to maintain the distance. However, if the speaker has more power than the addressee, heshe will use positive politeness to make the addressee feel as hisher friend.

B. Discussion

In this section, the researcher answers the research questions by giving deep explanations. In accordance with the research questions, the researcher explains the kinds of positive and negative politeness strategies and the factors that influence the characters in Boyhood in delivering a certain kind of politeness strategy. In addition, the researcher also presents some examples related to the data findings to make the explanation more detail.