Simple Present Tenses Present Continuous Tense

2.2.1 Simple Present Tenses

The Simple Present Tense of most verbs requires only an-s ending in the third personal singular. This is true whether the subject is pronoun he ,she, it or a singular noun, the first -an second – person pronoun I ,we, you ,the third- personthey,and plural require no ending in the present tense . Example : 1. I always help my friends. 2. The sun rises in the east. Pattern: Positive : Subject + Verb 1+ Object Negative : Subject + DoDoes +Not+ Verb 1 + Object Interrogative : DoDoes + Subject Verb 1 + Object ? Used question word when, where, who, why, what, which, how, question word used before the auxiliary: dodoes.. Example: 1. Does your mother work here?. 2. Does he go to school every day?. 3. Does Mr. Andy write the letter to his friend? Universitas Sumatera Utara Functional Used to express the general truth 1. The sun rises in the east 2. The sun does not evolve around the earth. 3. The sky is blue. Used to express habitual action: 1. The car is turned up every month. 2. We go to school every day. 3. We celebrated the ceremony every Monday. Used for events after or now 1. Diana studies at elementary school. 2. Siti is given a scholarship for great achievement. 3. A do not have any car. Used for a planned future action or series actions 1. I have a meeting Wednesday at the time. 2. The train arrives at 10.20. 3. What time does the film start? Universitas Sumatera Utara

2.2.2 Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense is a construction. It made up auxiliary be+ the- ing present participleform of the verb. Pattern: Positive : subject +is amare +verb ing +object `am` for subject `I ` for subject third singular, and `are ` for subject the other and third singular. Negative : Subject + Is AmAre+ Not + Verb ing +Object Interrogative : IsAm Are + Subject + Verb ing + Object? Function Used question word When, Where, Who, Why, Which, How, question word place before to be :isamare. Used to express an activity or state in progress or around the time of speaking: 1. I wonder what is being read by her. 2. Diana is eating dinner now. 3. Listen she is singing a good song. Used to express an action future that has planned 1. Diana is leaving for Medan tomorrow. 2. I am watching the movie tonight. Universitas Sumatera Utara Used to express temporer action 1. I am studying Arabic at University Of North Sumatera. 2. The guests are staying in Madani Hotel

2.2.3 Present Perfect Tense