The Description of Curriculum 2013 Curriculum 2013 in General

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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

A. Literature Review

1. Curriculum 2013

a. The Description of Curriculum 2013

Curriculum 2013 will be implemented in all schools in the academic year of 20132014. This curriculum is not the same as the previous curriculum called KTSP Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan especially for the language learning steps in teaching learning process. However, Curriculum 2013 is the development from School-Based Curriculum SBC. According to the Regulation of Indonesian Minister of Education Number 70 year 2013, Curriculum 2013 aims to enable Indonesian people to be faithful, productive, creative, innovative, and affective human beings in order to be able to take part in all walks of life.

b. Curriculum 2013 in General

There are some differences in some aspects between Curriculum 2013 and School-Based Curriculum SBC. There are Kompetensi Lulusan Graduate Competence, Materi Materials, Proses Process, and Penilaian Assessment. In the Graduate Competence in Curriculum 2013 is a holistic construction and supported by all the lessons. In the Materials aspect, the materials are developed by the competency-based so it can fulfil the aspect of suitability and aspect of sufficiency Aspek Kesesuaian dan Aspek Kecukupan. In the Process aspect, it is oriented from competency characteristics such as Sikap, Keterampilan, and Pengetahuan. The process applies Scientific Approach and the competency characteristic is agreed with each stages elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school. The last is assessment aspect. In this aspect, the assessment is tested assessment and non-tested assessment portfolio. Process and Output are assessed by using authentic assessment. The report consist of quantitative assessment about knowledge and qualitative assessment about attitude and skill sufficiency keterampilan kecakapan. All of the aspects must be well-integrated to reach the goal of the aim of Curriculum 2013 as it is stated in Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Nomor 68 Tahun 2013 that Curriculum 2013 aims to prepare human of Indonesia in order to have life skill as a personal human being and as a faithful citizen who are faithful, productive, creative, innovative, affective, and have a contribution in society, nationality, and the whole world. The steps of Scientific Approach are Observing mengamati, Questioning menanya, Collecting Data mengumpulkan data, Analyzing Data menalar, Communicating menyajikan, and Creating mencipta. Those steps can be briefly described as follows: Table 2.1 Steps of English Instructional Process based on Scientific Approach No. Steps Activity 1. Observing Students do the activity of reading, listening, observing, and seeing the learning activity with or without instrument. Students read andor listen to texts to list items they need to know in order to understand andor produce texts communicate idea in the target language. 2. Questioning Students limit the items they want to know and formulate questions and propose temporary answer to their questions based on their knowledge andor limited information they have. 3. Collecting Data Students collect data or information relevant to the questions using one or more techniques such as observation, interview, and reading books. 4. Analyzing Data Students sort out, classify, and identify relationship among the data to find out patterns to answer the formulated questions. 5. Communicating Students communicate their answers to the questions orally andor in writing. 6. Creating Students create texts to express thoughts or ideas. The learning process in Curriculum 2013 also contains of three domain, they are attitude sikap, skill keterampilan, dan knowledge pengetahuan. In this scientific approach learning process, the materials given to the students must be substantial things, so the students not only know the process of learning the materials, but also understand the process of learning the materials by thinking “why”, “how”, and “what”. The final result of the learning can be the improvement and the balance of ability to be good human being with soft skills and hard skills.

2. The Reading Skills