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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
In literary works, especially novel, characters are one of the most important things in a story. Characters are similar to human in real life; characters
in literary works have their own characteristics. Characters are divided into antagonist and protagonist. The protagonist characters are described by the author
with all the positive personality. On the other hand, the antagonist characters are described by the author with negative personality.
The reason why people have personality is the experiences that they had faced in the past. Experiences have big influence to
the character’s emotional development. The emotion of people or character will be developed under an
unconscious mind and then it creates personality of the characters. Among all of the experiences there is an experience that strongly affects some
one’s personality called Trauma Feist and Feist, 2006:3-4.
Trauma is a bad event that people experience and distract people’s mind
condition. According to Mendatu Trauma is in his book Pemulihan Trauma: Trauma is an event which is threaten or caused death or serious wound, or a threat
toward pe ople’s psychological integrity. People who experience traumatic event
tend to try to forget their traumatic memory. Their unconscious mind will
construct defense mechanisms in order to protect it from traumatic stimulation Mendatu, 2010:16.
The researcher chooses one of Roald Dahl novel entitled Charlie and the Chocolate Factory to be analyzed in this study. The researcher uses this novel
because this novel has many characters that have complexity in their personality and life. In Charlie and Chocolate Factory, the researcher believes some
characters who act spontaneously are controlled by unconscious mind. The researcher analyzes those characters that act spontaneously based on
Psychoanalysis. Those who act spontaneously here are children who get the golden tickets. And also do some researches further more from the Mr. Willy
Wonka’s perspective as the owner of the Charlie and Chocolate Factory.
The first character in this novel is Augustus Gloop, one of the children who come to
Wonka’s Factory. He is a kid with a big fat body. He has an eating syndrome. The only thing that he knows is only eating. The second character is
Violet Beauregarde. She is a girl with pride and has a chewing syndrome. She likes to chew her bubble gum for a long time even when she is asleep. She is a
very active and ignorant girl. The third is Veruca Salt, a rich girl who wants everything she wants to be fulfilled no matter what. She is a rich, selfish kid who
always gets everything from her parents and will be mad if she cannot get what she wants. The fourth is Mike Teavee, the boy who spends most of his time in
front of the television. He is a bad tempered kid who just enjoys the life when he is watching television. The fifth is Charlie Bucket, the protagonist in the novel.
Charlie Bucket is a poor kid who can eat chocolate only on his birthday. Next is
Willy Wonka, the owner of Wonka’s chocolate factory. He is an eccentric person who keeps himself out from the society. The researcher uses Willy Wonka as his
object of the study because Willy Wonka is a round character in the novel. His personality is different from the beginning of the story until the end of the story.
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is one of the greate st Roald Dahl’s
works. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory tells about the genius in sweets and chocolate production, Willy Wonka. Willy Wonka is friendly and kind to his
workers. Every worker loves to work with him and sees the magic in candies happen. He is a great and good person until someone betrays him. Other
companies that look upon Wonka’s success start to send their spies to steal
Wonka’s secret recipes. Every company starts to sell candies and chocolate like Wonka’s company. Willy Wonka does not trust anyone because of this betrayal.
He fires all of his workers and closes his factory from outsiders. Even shuts down his factory for several years. His factory finally starts to work again but his
workers remain unknown from the people around the factory. Willy Wonka does not have good relation with other people because of the betrayal. In the end, he
has to open his factory for five lucky persons who have a golden ticket to have a tour for a day in his factory. He finally opens his factory in order to find his heir.
This novel shows how Willy Wonka has to face other people in order to get his goal.
As a social human being, someone usually needs other people in order to live in his society. Willy Wonka does not have communication with other people
for a long time, which is why he becomes introvert. He does not become a gentle
person because of his past experience. Experiences have a role in people ’s
personality development . The side effect of Wonka’s past experience makes his
personality become negative. Willy Wonka is the ego of the story when the other characters become his id and super ego, to use Freudian Theory.
The researcher uses psychological approach to analyze Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Psychological approach is rarely used to analyze this novel.
Other researchers often use Marxist approaches to analyze this novel. They focus on the hierarchy of the social status in this novel. While in this study, the
researcher focuses more on the character’s mental development. The researcher analyzes Willy Wonka
personality’s development in this thesis. This study on Willy Wonka can
show the reader how one’s experience can develop people’s personality in people’s unconscious mind.
B. Problem Formulation
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