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Another writer, Sekaringtyas 2015, conducts other study on Harry Potter novels and she uses the seventh book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. She
focuses on how Harry Potter experiences many conflicts with other characters in this novel and how those conflicts can be solved by the friendship with his two
close friends. In this study, the writer chooses to do a study of
Harry Potter’s personality development in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the
Deathly Hallows. Thus, both novels are used in this study. The study about Harry Potter’s personality development by using the last two novels has not been
discussed yet.
B. Review of Related Theories
1. Theory of Critical Approaches
Guerin et al. 2005 state that sometimes senses deceives readers when reading a piece of literary work p. 5. Thus, it is needed to analyze literature as
well as read for pleasure. By analyzing, readers give respond to literature and appreciating literature as well. The writer needs to employ a critical approach in
order to have reasonable judgment. It is strengthened by Kennedy Gioia 2010 by saying that a critical approach makes imaginative literature more perceptive p.
678. Further, Guerin et al. 2005 mention six critical approaches to analyze
novels namely biographical approach, philosophical approaches, formalist approach, archetypal approaches, feminist approach, and psychological approach.
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First, Guerin et al. 2005 points out that biographical approach is an approach to understand works as the reflection of
an author’s life and the life of the characters in the work.
Second is philosophical approach. This approach believes that literature has larger function that is to communicate morality and to examine philosophical
issues. In this approach, literature would be interpreted in a context of the philosophical view.
Third is formalist approach. This approach is to study that all information necessary to the interpretation of a work must be found within the work itself.
Fourth is archetypal approach. This approach believes that there is a collection of symbols, images, characters, and motifs suggesting a similar response to all
people. These archetypes are believed as the source of literature ’s power.
Fifth is feminist approach. It concerns with the influence of gender on writing and reading. Feminist approach believes that male worries are portrayed
through female characters. The sixth and the last is psychological approach. It is an approach that
focuses on the psychological side of human beings. This approach is a valuable tool in understanding not only literatur
e but human nature and readers’ individual selves as well p. 180. Furthermore, this approach is applied in this study to
analyze the development of the character’s personalities. The character’s thought
and behaviour can be understood appropriately by using psychological approach. It is strengthened by Gill 1995 by saying that this approach finds the meaning of
works in what they show about characters’ thoughts and feelings, the views they
