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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter consists of three parts. The first part is review of related studies. It contains some of studies that use the same novel. The second part is
review of related theories. This part contains five elements; they are theory of critical approaches, theory of character and theory of characterization, the relation
between literature and psychology, theory of personality development, and theory of adolescence. The third part is the theoretical framework. In this last part, the
writer discusses deeply about some theories that are used in analyzing the novel.
A. Review of Related Studies
In this study, the writer uses the same novel as the previous writers. There are some writers from Sanata Dharma University who have analyzed Harry Potter
novels, especially the same two novels. Yuniarto 2006 uses the sixth book, Harry Potter and The Half-Blood Prince, and focuses on the relation of
Voldemort’s psychological transformation with the plot in the novel. He discusses tw
o things; the first is about Tom Marvolo Riddle’s transformation into Lord Voldemort. The second is about the effect of Tom Marvolo Riddle’s
transformation to the plot of the story. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Another writer, Sekaringtyas 2015, conducts other study on Harry Potter novels and she uses the seventh book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. She
focuses on how Harry Potter experiences many conflicts with other characters in this novel and how those conflicts can be solved by the friendship with his two
close friends. In this study, the writer chooses to do a study of
Harry Potter’s personality development in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the
Deathly Hallows. Thus, both novels are used in this study. The study about Harry Potter’s personality development by using the last two novels has not been
discussed yet.
B. Review of Related Theories
1. Theory of Critical Approaches
Guerin et al. 2005 state that sometimes senses deceives readers when reading a piece of literary work p. 5. Thus, it is needed to analyze literature as
well as read for pleasure. By analyzing, readers give respond to literature and appreciating literature as well. The writer needs to employ a critical approach in
order to have reasonable judgment. It is strengthened by Kennedy Gioia 2010 by saying that a critical approach makes imaginative literature more perceptive p.
678. Further, Guerin et al. 2005 mention six critical approaches to analyze
novels namely biographical approach, philosophical approaches, formalist approach, archetypal approaches, feminist approach, and psychological approach.
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