1.3 Problem Formulation
This study is focused on two problems. 1.
What are the minor characters’ personalities described in the novel? 2.
How is Jessie’s personality development described?
1.4 Benefit of the Study
This study offers benefit for myself, the readers and the researchers. For me, by analyzing this novel, I get more knowledge about the personality development of
the main character. This study also strengthens my thought that the existence of people who close to us can give a great influence to our personality.
Moreover, I learn to appreciate what we have got, to be able to get along with what God gives us and to love it. I also obtain some beneficial values by knowing
one’s personality. Furthermore, it gives me a new thought about how one’s personality is developed.
This study will be beneficial for the readers to implement new value to their life and to get the beneficial messages from the main character’s experience.
Moreover, this study can be used as pre –reading before reading the novel. I hope the reader can get more knowledge about what minor character is and its influence
toward one’s personality. Moreover, I expect this study to be beneficial for the future researchers. The
future researchers can analyze the reason why this novel is written or why minor character can give big influence toward one’s life. They can explore more about the
author’s life by using biographical approach. They can use the theory of minor character if they want to explore more about the minor character.
1.5 Definition of Terms 1.5.1 Personality Development
The word personality, according to Personality Theories, second edition 1981: 7 , personality represent an evolving process subject to a variety of internal
and external influences, including genetic and biological propensities, social experiences and changing environmental circumstances. According to George Kelly
Chapter 9, personality is individual’s unique way of “making sense” out of life experience.
Furthermore, the word development according to Schiambang and Smith, development means the changes happening to human being during their lifetimes
1982: 5. According to Allyn Bacon, 2002 on www.healthofchildren.com,
personality development is the development of the organized pattern of behaviors and attitudes that makes a person distinctive. Personality development occurs by the
ongoing interaction of temperament, character, and environment.
1.5.2 Minor Character
Milligan describes Minor Character as Characters who appear as the complement of the story 1983: 195. According to www.Humanitiesweb.org by
Gilfford, Katya 9 November 2004, Minor Character is those figures who fill out the story but who do not figure prominently in it. 8:05 pm, 06,07,07
1.5.3 Influence
According to As Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English,
the word influence is the power to affect somebody’s actions, characters or beliefs, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
especially by providing an example for them to follow, winning their admiration, or making them afraid to disagree. 1995: 611.
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part is Theoretical Review, second part is Criticism, and the last part is Theoretical Framework. The Theoretical
Review includes the theory of Literature and the Review of Related Theory. Furthermore, Theory of Literature includes Character, Characterization and Critical
Approach. The review of Related Theory includes the Theory of Psychology and the Theory of personality. Meanwhile the Criticism presents some critics about the novel
and the author. The last part is Theoretical Framework, it talks about how theories are used to analyze the novel.
2.1 Theoretical Review 2.1.1 Theory of Literature
A novel is a form of literature; therefore, I support the analysis by using the theory of literature. This part presents the theories of literature, which are divided
into two, the theory of character and theory of characterization.
2.1.1.1 Theories of Character
Character is one of the most important elements in a novel. A novel may contain many characters that are presented by the author. A character can be
recognized by describing his physical and psychological appearance. According to Abrams 1993: 23, “Characters are persons presented in a dramatic or narrative
work who are interpreted by the readers as being endowed with moral, dispositional PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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