Notion of Sociology of Literature

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CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY

This chapter deals with the theory of sociological as the basis to analyze the movie further. This is sociological theory, which is considered as the appropriate approach to analyze the problem in this chapter. The writer breaks down the Sociology into several parts in order to make the readers understand about this research theory. This part is divided into three divisions, namely; the Notion of Sociology of Literature, the Principles of Sociology of Literature, and Theoretical Application.

A. Notion of Sociology of Literature

Sociology is essentially the scientific, objective study of man in society, the study of social institution and of social processes: it seeks to answer the question of how society is possible, how it works, why it persists Swingewood, 1972:11. Sociology studies human in a real condition at everyday life, while literature is made based on phenomena on everyday happening social life. Sociology reflects the way literature interacts with society, as Swingewood 1972:12 states: “As with sociology, literature too is pre-eminently concerned with man’s social world, his adaptation to it, and his desire to change it. Thus, the novel as the major literary genre of industrial society can be seen as a faithful attempt to recreate the social world of man’s relation in his family and other institutions, the conflict and the tension between groups and classes” 1972:12. Sociology and literature share a similar conspectus at the most basic level. Sociology of literature is one of literary approach which can be applied in the study of literature work. Sociology of literature is basically aimed to analyze literature work in terms of the author’s social status, the availability of markets, the stipulation of type’s publication, and the structure of the leaders Laurensen and Swingewood, 1972:14. “It is the task of the sociologist of literature to relate the experience of the writer’s imaginary characters and situation to the historical climate from which they derive. He has to transform the private equation of themes and stylistic means into social equations” Swingewood, 1972:14 Damono states the purpose in the research of literature of sociology is to get a complete and total description of the interrelated relationship among the author literary work and the society Damono in Jabrohim, 2001:169. Sociology is the scientific study of human behavior in groups and in a real condition at everybody life and of the social forces that influence behavior. The term sociology of literature is derived from the words sociology and literature. The origin from Greek word “Socius” and Logos” means “Science”. Sociology means science of conserving the basic growth or an evaluation of society, the science of the overall of human relationship in society, generally, rational, and empiric Ratna, 2003:1. Economic system shaped all other aspects of life and bred persistent conflict tension, disagreement and competition over values and goals Light, 1989:17. Basically, social conflict that involves economy, religious, and politic between classes, groups or even individuals IS either controlled by social institution. Sociology of literature is a kind of approaching considering social aspect in a literary work and literary work is an institution, which is created by means of literary through the medium of language Damono in Jabrohim, 2001:169.

B. Major Principles of Sociology of Literature