2.6. Geographic Information System GIS
A Geographic Information System GIS is a powerful tool for handling spatial data. It is used for storing, retrieving, maintaining, manipulating,
analyzing, and producing the digital format of spatial data. Moreover, it could produce a spatial data in a hard – copy format Aronoff, 1991.
In GIS environment, there are two kinds of common data that should be taken into account, i.e. spatial data and non-spatial data. Spatial data provides
information about the feature referred to the geometrical orientation, shape, size and relative position from other features. Non-spatial data usually called
attribute is information complementary to spatial data which provides some further information United Nations, 1996.
In today’s natural resource management environment, it is common to see GIS used to assist natural resource managers in making decisions. GIS
allows map production processes to be automated and repeated, reducing a lengthy drafting exercise to a few minutes. In addition, GIS allows some
process to be accomplished that would normally tax a person’s analytical abilities Bettinger, 2004.
Commonly a geographic information system consists of software, data, people, and an organization in which it functions. In the narrow sense, GIS
considered as a software system consisting of modules for input, storage, analysis, display and output of spatial data Figure 2.5.
Figure 2.5. Functional components of a GIS de By, 2000 Figure 2.5 shows a diagram of these modules with arrows indicating the
data flow in the system. For a particular GIS, each of these modules may provide many or only few functions. However, if one of these functions does not exist,
the system should not be called a geographic information system. An explanation of the various functions of the four components for data input, storage, analysis,
and output can provide a functional description of a GIS de By, 2000.
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1. Time and Location
This research has been conducted on March until July 2006 and takes location on Directorate General of Forest Production Management, Department
of Forestry, Jakarta. For the purpose of this research, data was collected on Forest Production Management Directorate General, consists of forestry industry
data in 33 Indonesia provinces, i.e. Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, Riau, Riau Islands, Jambi, Bengkulu, Bangka Belitung, South
Sumatera, Lampung, Banten, Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java, Bali, NTB, NTT, West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan,
South Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, West Irian Jaya, and Papua.
3.2. Data Sources
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