Research Method Data and Data Source

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Research Method

In completing this thesis, some theories, opinion and documentation are applied. Research method which is used in this research is Library research. Library research is a research conducted by learning books of brochure literature, magazine and various articles which have relevance with the problems in this research as Nawawi 1991:30 says, “Penelitian kepustakaan Library research yaitu suatu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menghimpun data dari berbagai literatur, baik di perpustakaan maupun di tempat-tempat lain. Literatur yang dipergunakan tidak terbatas hanya pada buku-buku, tetapi dapat juga berupa bahan-bahan dokumentasi, majalah-majalah, koran-koran dll. berupa bahan tertulis. Dari literatur tersebut dapat ditemukan berbagai teori, hukum, dalil, prinsip-prinsip, pendapat, gagasan-gagasan dll. yang dapat dipergunakan untuk menganalisa dan memecahkan masalah yang diselidiki.” Library research is a research done by collecting data from many kinds of literature, whether in the library or any other places. Literature used is not only limited on books but also on the magazines, newspaper, and another written documentation. Relevant studies are also used to support the analysis. From that literature, there are theories, principles, opinion, ideas, etc. found within it which can be used to analyze and solve problems investigated.

3.2 Data and Data Source

Data in this study are all utterances uttered by the two main characters, Miss Lucie Manette and Charles Darnay. All of the data in this research are called population. Population means the total object in the novel. The population in this research is all the utterances found in each part three parts of the novel, 112 pages which contain speech acts. Universitas Sumatera Utara The source of data in this research is taken from Charles Dickens’ novel entitled A Tale of Two Cities simplified that is published at 1979 in Oxford. There are many utterances contained speech acts uttered by Miss Manette and Charles Darnay. The total numbers of their utterances become the data to be analyzed are 107 utterances. Since the population is too big that is why the writer applies purposive sampling technique in taking the data to be analyzed. This kind of sampling is done by taking the unit of sample that is appropriate and suitable to the purpose of analysis as Nawawi 1991:157 states, “Purposive sampling adalah teknik pengambilan sample yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian. Ukuran sample tidak dipersoalkan sebagaimana di dalam accidental sampling…. pembatasan sample hanya mengambil unit sampling yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian.” Purposive sampling is a technique of taking the sample which is suitable to the purpose of research. The count of the sample is not problem as in accidental sampling….the scope of the sample only take the unit of sample that is appropriate to the purpose of research.

3.3 Data Collecting Method