An Analysis of Code Mixing Used by Members of Facebook Online Shop Group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors

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AN ANALYSIS OF CODE MIXING USED BY MEMBERS OF

FACEBOOK ONLINE SHOP GROUP INDONESIA MARVEL

UNIVERSE COLLECTORS

A THESIS

BY

RIZKI PUTRA HARAHAP

REG. NO.110721021

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

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AN ANALYSIS OF CODE MIXING USED BY MEMBERS OF FACEBOOK ONLINE SHOP GROUP INDONESIA MARVEL UNIVERSE COLLECTORS

A THESIS

BY:

RIZKI PUTRA HARAHAP REG. NO. 110721021

SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR

Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S.. Dra. Roma Ayuni Lubis, M.A. NIP. 195411171980031002 NIP. 196801221998032001

Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

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Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination

Head, Secetary,

Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M. Hum. NIP. 195411171980031002 NIP. 195904191981022001

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AUTHOR'S DECLARATION

I, RIZKI PUTRA HARAHAP DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.

Signed : ……… Date : ………

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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

NAME : RIZKI PUTRA HARAHAP

TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF CODE MIXING USED BY

MEMBERS OF FACEBOOK ONLINE SHOP GROUP INDONESIA MARVEL UNIVERSE COLLECTORS QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA

DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH

I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.

Signed : ………...… Date : ………

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim.

First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this thesis as one of the requirements to get certificate from Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. And I present shalawat to Prophet Muhammad SAW as my good example in my life and I hope his blessing in the beyond.

I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, appreciation, and thanks to: 1. My lovely parents, my mother Sri Winda yati and my Father Zulkifli

Harahap, you are the best. I love you mama and I love you ayah. Thank u very much, thanks for everything. I hope I can make u proud. I present this thesis for you.

2. My beloved siblings, Ananda Putra Harahap and Hazmi Putra Harahap.

3. Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S as my supervisor and co-supervisor Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D Thank you for the valuable time in giving the correction and constructive critics in completing this thesis. 4. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies,

University of Sumatera Utara.

5. All lecturers in Department of English for giving me advices and knowledge.

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6. Thanks to my best friend Ahmad Hanafi aka Kunep thanks for everything. Success with your job, be rich together and be best friend forever.

7. Thanks to my friends Oki, Dika and my partner in final test Aidil Hafiz Wijaya Kesuma Thank you for the nice friendship guys.

8. Thanks a lot all my friends in FIB Basketball Team Gian, Panji, Kevin, Fe hung, Fauzan, Alpan, Renk renk, bg Jimmy and the others who fight with me in LIBAS.

9. Bang Mistam, for helping me in every step in finishing this thesis.

10.Thanks to my beautiful princess Edtri Putri Ramadhani thanks to your support, thanks to accompany me, thanks to your care, thanks to your love, thanks to your time, thanks to your smile till I finished this thesis. You are the best part in my life, I love u so much my darling, I hope we can spend our live together forever my future.

Finally, I do realize that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions towards this thesis.

Medan, 2014 The writer,

Rizki Putra Harahap Reg. No. 110721021

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ABSTRAK

Skripsi yang berjudul An Analysis of Code Mixing Used by Members of Facebook Online Shop Group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors bertujuan untuk menemukan type campur kode yang terdapat dan dominan di gunakan oleh member di group Facebook bernama Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group dalam percakapan mereka sehari hari, termasuk alasan menggunakan campur kode tersebut berdasarkan teori Hymes (dalam Jendra, 2010: 71) yaitu SPEAKING. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah metode kepustakaan dan penjabaran analisa menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, hasil analisis di buat dalam bentuk persentase sesuai formula Bungin (2005:171-172). Analisis ini difokuskan untuk menganalisis tipe code mixing yang di pakai sesuai dengan teori Siregar (1996:50) hasil analisis menemukan total 143 ungkapan campur kode dengan persentase 85,3% kata, 14,0% phrasa, 0,7% klausa dan 0,00% kalimat. Maka campur kode yang paling dominan dalam analisis ini adalah kata yaitu 85,3%. Kesimpulan dari analisis ini adalah pembicara cenderung menggunakan campur kode dalam percakapannya sesuai dengan perkembangan globalisasi tetapi diharapkan juga dengan adanya analisis ini, kita sebagai masyarakat Indonesia sebaiknya mengurangi penggunaan campur kode bahasa lain demi menjaga keutuhan bahasa Indonesia sebagai identitas bangsa kita.

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ABSTRACT

Thesis entitled An Analysis of Code Mixing Used by Members of Facebook Online Shop Group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors aims to find the type of code mixing and dominantly used by members in the Facebook group called Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group in their daily conversation, including the reason for using code mixing based on the theory of Hymes (in Jendra, 2010: 71), that is SPEAKING. The methods used in this analysis are the library methods and qualitative descriptive, the results of the analysis presented in the form of a percentage according to the formula of Bungin (2005:171-172).This analysis focused on analyzing the type of code mixing in accordance with the theory as proposed by Siregar (1996:50), it is found that total of 143 utterances contains code mixing with a percentage of 85.3% code mixing of word, 14.0% code mixing of phrase, 0.7% code mixing of clause and 0.00% code mixing of sentence. Then the most dominant code mixing in this analysis is the word that is 85.3%. The conclusion from this analysis is the speaker tends to use code mixing in their conversations in accordance with the globalization but it is expected, we as the people of Indonesia should reduce the use of other languages code mixing in order to maintain the integrity of Bahasa Indonesia as the identity of our nation.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ……… i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ……… ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……… iii

ABSTRAK ……… vi

ABSTRACT ……… vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ……… viii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ……… 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ……… 5

1.3 Objective of the Study ……… 6

1.4 Scope of the Study ……… 6

1.5 Significance of the Study ……… 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Sociolinguistics ……… 7

2.2 Bilingualism ……… 8

2.3 Code ……… 9

2.4 Code Switching ………. 9

2.4.1 Causal Factors of Code Switching ……. 10

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2.5.1 Causal Factors of Code Mixing ……… 12 2.6 Similarity and Difference between Code Switching and Code Mixing ………. 14

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Data and Data Source ……….. 16 3.2 Data Collection Procedures...………. 17 3.3 Step of the Research ………. 17

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING

4.1 Analysis ……… 19 4.2 Finding ……… 53 4.2.1 Type of Code Mixing ……… 53 4.2.2 Most Dominant Type of Code Mixing……… 53 4.2.3 Reasons of the Members Use Code Mixing … 54

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion ……… 56 5.2 Suggestion ……… 57

REFERENCES APPENDICES

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ABSTRAK

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ABSTRACT

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Market is one of the many varieties of system, institution, procedure, social relation and infrastructure whereby parties engage in exchange. While parties may exchange goods and services by barter, most markets rely on sellers offering their goods or services in exchange for money from buyers. It can be said a market is the process by which the prices of goods and services are established. Markets vary in form, scale, location, and types of participants, as well as the types of goods and services traded. Examples include online shopping.

Online shop or online retailing is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are e-shop, Internet shop, online store, and etcetera. Mobile commerce (or m-commerce) describes purchasing from an online retailer's mobile optimized online site or app. online customers must have access to the Internet and a valid method of payment in order to complete a transaction.

Facebook is one of social media that have so many functions not only for interacting but also used as an online shop. For every people, Online shop is not just a meeting place for seller and buyers but also social interact and representation of modern values.

Nowadays, there is a tendency that many people use more than one language when they have conversation with others, or sometimes they change the language or mix a language into other language when they speak. People develop some knowledge and ability in a second language and so become bilingual.

In bilingual society two or more language are often use along together. People also usually selecting a particular code whenever they choose to speak and they may also decide to mix codes even within sometimes very short utterances and thereby create a new code.

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Hymes (in Jendra, 2010: 71) states that, suggested eight factors that bilingual, multilingual or monolingual people may consider when choosing a code. The factors were formulated into an acronym, namely SPEAKING, which stands for Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, Act sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norms of interaction, and Genre.

a. Setting and Scene

The setting and scene are the places, occasions, or natural situations that can influence the people in choosing the code. People may consider choosing a more formal variety of language when talking in an office than when talking in a picnic place. A more moderate attitude in speaking is also found in a ritual or ceremonial occasion than in a street or supermarket.

b. Participants

The participants are the people involved in the communication found in the setting. A good public speaker for example, wants to know about his/her audience (the participants) before performing a speech. He/she may think of considering what kind of jokes he/she should tell or whether he/she should speak in a more casual way or formal one after considering the audience.

c. Ends

The ends are the goals or purposes that a speaker wishes to reach. If a political party delivers a speech in a campaign, he/she wishes to persuade the crowd before him/her in order to receive support for the election. d. Act sequence

The act sequence refers to the order of a speech, a narrative, a conversation, or a talking. A formal speech for example, is set carefully with an opening expression, followed with an introduction, a story, before entering the main topic. The sequence in speaking is then considered to be also an important factor to consider.

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e. Key

The key is referred to the manner, spirit, and feeling of the message wished to be captured within the conversation. It is also referred to the spirit captured in the voice or manner of a speaker. The spirit or the feeling may be sincere, modest, or low.

f. Instrumentalities

The Instrumentalities are referred to the register and forms of the speech. The forms that might be under consideration are whether it will be delivered in a more formal way or a casual friendly one.

g. Norm of interaction

The norm of interaction is the contextual custom in using the code, including for example allowance for an interruption, using gestures freely, addressing an audience, eye contacts, distance, asking questions about belief, etcetera.

h. Genre

The genre is referred to the type of the utterances whether it is in the form of a poem, a proverb, a prayer, a lecture, and etcetera.

Wardaugh (1986:100) people are usually forced to select a particular code whenever they choose to speak, and they may also decide to switch from one code to another or to mix code. This kind of situation may be called code switching and code mixing.

Thelander in Chaer and Agustina (2004:115) when there is a switching from one clause of language to another clause of other language in a conversation so it called code switching.

Thelander in Chaer and Agustina (2004:115) if in the single utterance the clauses and the phrases used are hybrid clause or hybrid phrases and each clause or phrase doesn’t support the function of clause and phrase, it is called code mixing.

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If utterance switched from one language to another language supporting a distinctive function, it is called code switching. Conversely, if an utterance either words, phrase, or clause consist does not support a distinctive function, it is called code mixing.

In doing this thesis the writer focus analyze about code mixing between members in facebook online shop and used theories based on Siregar’s theory. According to Siregar (1996:50), code mixing devide into two types, intra-sentential mixing and extra-intra-sentential mixing.

1. Intra-sentential mixing

Intra-sentential mixing may range from the alternation of single words or phrases to clauses within a single sentence or utterance.

2. Extra-sentential mixing

Extra-sentential mixing occurs between sentences. Because it occurs at sentence boundaries, it requires less complex syntactic interaction between two languages involved in code mixing.

Nababan (1993:32) states that code mixing is the situation in which the speaker mixes two or more languages or kind of languages in speech act. For examples in a conversation between members in the group :

Laurintius : Ironmonger open cockpit bisa kurang gak boss … Wanda : Saya dah transfer untuk pembayaran Ironmonger

open cockpitnya yaa om john hendra, harap cek PM saya untuk detail alamat kirimnya thanks

Hendra : Ironmonger grey alias monger open cockpit sold to om wanda makasiii …

Lex : Hehehe … mantaps belanjanya om Wanda Wanda : Ho oh ni bro Lex mulai kalap lagi saya Lex : Hahahaha lanjutkaannn …

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The example above shows there is code mixing process in their daily conversation. It can be seen that word transfer, sold, open, and thanks are taken from English language and they are mixed in Indonesian language. However all the words do not influence the structure of language involved in participle, code mixing is the mixing one language into the structure of other language so that is only such place and does not. Structure of component of language involved that consist of word, phrase, clause, and sentence.

The phenomenal of code-mixing very easy to found in social media like Facebook. We connected to a lot of people from a variety of ethnic, cultures and nations here. Facebook is very useful today not only for connect to your friends or get information but also can be place to make money.

There are so many online shop groups in Facebook. The writer choose one of them to analysis, it is ‘Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors’ group. The writer chooses this group to analyzing because there is a phenomenon of mixing English and Indonesian in group activities that possible to create a new kind of language that is not English or Indonesian.

With the same hobby background between members there are many special terms in English language, consciously or not, much happening code mixing process English into Indonesian when interact with other members and also while shop.

1.2 Problem of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, the writer finds some problems that appear in the study. They are formulated as follows:

1. What types of code mixing used by members of Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors?

2. What types of code mixing most dominantly used by members of Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors?

3. What are the reasons for making the code mixing by members of Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors?

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1.3 Objective of the Study

Related to the problems of the study above, the study is aimed to:

1. Find out the types of code mixing used by members in Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors

2. Find out the types of code mixing most dominantly used by members in Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors

3. What are the reasons of code mixing used by members in Facebook online shop group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors

1.4 Scope of the Study

The writer will focused the study on analyzing the types of code mixing made in utterance among members in Facebook online shop group ‘Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors.’ The data will be limited to the data obtained from conversation between members of the group in December 2013.

1.5 Significance of the Study

There are some significances of the study, such as:

1. The students, since it will give a better understanding about the types of code mixing as well as the reasons of people to use code mixing in their daily life.

2. The lecturers, particularly in teaching Sociolinguistics to teach varying method of teaching code mixing which does not only occur in written language but also in spoken language.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 Sociolinguistics

Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics that takes language as an object of study, in a way that is usually distinguished from how syntax, semantics, morphology, and phonology handle it.

Sociolinguistics closely related to language and society and language functions in society. Language is defined as verbal communication tool used by the public. Society is a group or several groups of people who share a particular purpose.

Etymologically sociolinguistics comes from sociology and linguistic. Sociology is the study of the structure and social processes. Meanwhile, linguistic is a discipline that studies the structure of language without assessing the social context where the structure is learned or used. So, sociolinguistics is the branch of linguistics that studies and discusses the social aspect of language, particularly the differences contain in the language related social factors.

Wardaugh (1998:12) sociolinguistics is a concern with investigating the relationship between language and society with the goal being a better understanding of the structure of language and how languages function in communication.

Kridalaksana (1993:201) sociolinguistic is the branch of linguistic that studies the relationship and interplay between behavior and social behavior.

Nancy Parrot Hickerson (in Chaer, 1995:15) Sociolinguistics is a developing subfield of linguistics which takes speech variation as its focus, viewing variation or it social context. Sociolinguistics is concerned with the correlation between such social factors and linguistics variation.

Sociolinguistics relates with analysis of using language such as the description of language pattern use, the variety of dialects, choose of language and speech speaker who involved and also the descriptive study of the effect of any

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and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society.

2.2 Bilingualism

Someone called bilingual if he/she can use the first language as well as the second language. Bloomfield (1993:56) Bilingualism is the ability of a speaker in using two languages, in case the using of the first language as good as the second language.

Mackey (in Aslinda, 2007:24) state that bilingualism is the alternative use of two or more languages by the same individual.

Nababan (1993:27) mastery of language by an individual who is more than one language is called bilingualism.

The person who can use two languages called bilingual and the ability of using two languages called bilinguality. Besides bilingualism, there is a term of multilingualism that is the situation in which the speaker uses more than two languages in communicating with other people alternately.

Singh (2001:43) states that bilingual ability at the level of predominance that is how far a bilingual is able to use two languages, would affect one another in using languages. In fact, two languages possibly affect one another. It can occur when a bilingual uses second language continually in long period. When the first language is used again, both languages will be mixed automatically. This behavior creates new issues in linguistics for instance code switching and code mixing.

Bilingualism is also discussion about the phenomenon of code switching and code mixing. Speakers may take every effort to code mix by including a single utterance from one language although speakers do not actually uses that language very much. The situational context will when a speaker does switching from one language to another language.

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2.3 Code

A code is a system that used by people to communicate, when people want to talk each other they have to choose a particular code to express their feeling. Wardaugh (1986:22) states that the ‘natural’ term ‘code’ can be used to refer to any kind of system that two or more people employ for communication.

According to Marjohan (1988:48), “code is a term which refers to a variety”. Thus a code maybe an idiolect, a dialect, a sociolect, a register or a language. A speaker has a linguistic repertoire which consists of various codes. Thus he usually has a set of codes, each code having certain functions or maybe some of them have similar functions. In a monolingual situation, the use of different codes depends on the variability of the language. In a multilingual situation, the use of different codes depends on the variability of the languages and the specification of their uses as agreed upon by the people.

Suwito (1985:67-69) is to mention one of the variants in the hierarchy of language, such as regional variants, social class, sports, style, usability, and so on. From another angle, often referred to as a dialect variant that can be divided geographically into local dialects and regional dialects.

People are usually required to select a particular code whenever they choose to speak, and they may also decide to switch from one code to another or to mix codes even within sometimes very short utterances and thereby create a new code. The phenomenon in switch or mix the code called code switching and code mixing.

2.4 Code Switching

Code switching is a situation where speakers deliberately change a code being used namely by switching from one to another, the change is called code switching.

Hymes (in Jendra, 2010: 74) states that code switching has become a common term for alternate use of two or more language, or varieties of language, or even speech styles.

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Pietro (in Jendra, 1977:74) code switching is the use of more than one language by the communicants in the execution of a speech act.

Chaer and Agustina in Putri (2011:17) states that “bila di dalam suatu peristiwa tutur terjadi peralihan dari satu klausa suatu bahasa ke klausa bahasa lain, maka peristiwa yang terjadi adalah alih kode” (When there is a switching from one clause of a language to another clause of a language to another clause of other language occur in a conversation, so it called code switching).

Switching occurs when individual who bilingual alternates between two languages during his speech with another person. A person who is bilingual may be said to be one who is able to communicate, to vary extents, in a second language. This includes those who make irregular use of the second language, but have not for sometime or those who have considerable skill in a second language.

2.4.1 Causal Factors of Code Switching

From the definitions above, it is learned that code switching is found more with bilingual or multilingual speakers, although monolinguals may actually be said to switch from a variety or style to another. There are several reasons why bilinguals do code switching. Among the most obvious factors are namely, quoting someone, marking and emphasizing group identity or solidarity, including or excludingsomeone from a conversation, raising status, and showing language expertise.

Ohoiwutun (1996:71) states that the case code switching happens for some factors such as the relationship between the speaker and the listener, the purpose of speaking, the discussed topic, time and place the conversation takes place.

Aslinda (2007:86) states that the general causal factors of code switching are: a. The speaker

b. The listener

c. The change of situation for the coming of the third speaker d. The change from formal to informal and vice versa, and e. The change of the topic.

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2.5 Code Mixing

Code mixing is the mixing of a word or phrase from a language into another language in a bilingualism or multilingualism. Wardough (1998:103) argues that code mixing occurs when conversant uses both languages together to the extent which they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance. Thus if someone mixes two codes in one sentence by inserting other elements of language, it means that he uses code mixing. And according to Holmes (1992:50), ‘the speaker is mixing up codes indiscriminately or perhaps because of incompetence.

According to Siregar (1996:50), code mixing devide into two types, intra-sentential mixing and extra-intra-sentential mixing.

1) Intra-sentential mixing

Intra-sentential mixing may range from the alternation of single words or phrases to clauses within a single sentence or utterance. Some examples of code mixing in English- Indonesia language will be described as follow:

a. Bulan depan mereka mau ikut diving di raja ampat (Diving as code mixing of word in the sentence)

b. Saya tahu, sulit memaafkan saya atas kejadian semalam, but give me chance to show my best.

(but give me chance to show my best as code mixing of clause) c. Tinggal follows up di dalam nanti.

(Follow up as code mixing of phrase in the sentence).

Based on the example above, it can be seen that those are code mixing sentences with single word, single clause, and single phrase.

2) Extra-sentential mixing

Normally extra-sentential mixing occurs between sentences. Because it occurs at sentence boundaries, it requires less complex syntactic interaction between two languages involved in code mixing.

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Suwito (1983:76) explains that traits code mixing is the elements to insert language or variations in other languages no longer having its own function. Those elements have been fused with the inserted language and overall supports only one function.

Suwito (in Umar, 1993:14) also divides code mixing into two types: a. Inner code mixing

It occurs if the speaker inserts the elements of their own language into national language, the element of dialect into own language.

b. Outer code mixing

Outer code mixing, it occurs if the speaker inserts the element of their own language into foreign language.

2.5.1 Causal Factors of Code Mixing

There are some factors that caused people do code mixing. Nababan (1993: 32) states that the bilinguals mix their languages into another language because of the situation since the code mixing happens more often in the relaxed or informal situation as well as showing off their educational background and positions. Breadsmore (1982:38) states that factors that caused people do code mixing are:

a. Bilingualism

It cannot be avoided that the ability to use to speak more than one language is a basic factor of code mixing. Most of the world's population is bilingual or multilingual.

b. Speaker and partner speaking

Communication is the process of expressing ideas between two participants of conversation. Speaker needs partner speaking to communicate and code mixing could appear if both use and understand it well.

c. Social community

An individual lives and cooperates in one community either in monolingual or bilingual community. Now most communities are

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bilingual that use two languages in their interactions. In this case, an individual will be influenced by social community directly.

d. Situation

Usually code mixing occurs in relax or informal situation. This situation is closer with daily conversation and for writer is also describe as their habitual communication.

e. Vocabulary

There is not appropriate word or when there is a lack of vocabulary in one language. The inability to find an appropriate word or expression in one language makes people change the word or phrase from one to another language and it can be combined together.

f. Prestige

Globalization era has lad people must able to speak more than one language, especially English. For many young people code mixing becomes awn style which is hoped to be modern and educational one. They mix language because prestige.

The background of code mixing by Suwito (1983:77) categorized into two types namely:

1. Background on attitudes type (attitudinal type) 2. Background in linguistics

a. Both types are interconnected, thus can be identified some reasons for the emergence of code mixing. The reasons are: Character Identification b. The size of the

b. Character is to identify social, registral, and educational.Manner identification determined by language. Now the person doing code mixing would place him in the hierarchy of social status. The Inclination to explain and interpret the inclination to explain and interpret appear visible because of interfering code also marks a person’s attitude and relationship to others.

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2.6 Similarity and Difference between Code Mixing and Code Switching Code mixing and code switching are well-known traits in the speech pattern of the average bilingual in any human society. Both occur in bilingual communication by using more than one language. In sociolinguistics study, code mixing and code switching are often discussed inseparably although those are hard to differentiate.

Code switching occurs by each language which has its own function from two distinct grammatical systems across sentence boundaries and it does purposely. While code mixing is mixing two language where there is main code used in its function but contrastive condition with another one involved which is only as pieces in the utterance of code mixing. Furthermore, Fasold (1984) added that if someone utters as word or phrase from one language when he is speaking in certain language, it is code mixing. But if he utters sentence from one language

and clearly it has grammatical construction so the code switching occurs, for example a bilingual two uses two languages alternately toward his partner

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CHAPTER III

METHOD OF RESEARCH

The research was conducted by applying quantitative method and qualitative method to analyze the data. Arikunto (2005:12) states that quantitative research applies number from collecting the data, describing the data, until the result of the research. Moreover, the results of the research would be better by applying table, graph, draft, picture, etc.

Straus and Corbin (in Syamsudin, 2007:73) states that qualitative research is aimed for the research which the discovery is not obtained through statistic procedure or any other calculation form. These two research methods can be used simultaneously, but it is not used tocompare the advantages and disadvantages of each other. Galser and Strauss (in Moleong, 2006:22) states that in many cases, both forms of methods are needed, not quantitative test qualitative, but both forms are used together and, when compared, each of which can be used to formulate the theory.

There are three kinds of research based on the location of the research as library research, laboratory research and field research (Bungin 2005 : 40-41). In this thesis, the writer tries to apply the descriptive qualitative method. Bodgan and Biklen (1982) propose five characteristics of qualitative research as quoted from Sugiyono (2009 :21), they are:

a. Qualitative research has the natural setting as the direct source of data and researcher is the key instrument.

b. Qualitative research is descriptive. The data collected is in the form of words of pictures rather than number

c. Qualitative research is concerned with process rather than simply with outcomes or products.

d. Qualitative research tends to analyze their data inductively. e. “Meaning” is essential to the qualitative approach.

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In this thesis, the design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. Based on the five characteristics of qualitative research as proposed by Bodgan and Bilken, this research will use the nature of the situation as it exists at the time of the collecting data and will be collected in words form.

The systematic procedures in conducting the analysis are as follows: a. The location of the research

b. The technique of collecting data (population and sample)

c. Identifying the words or sentences in the conversation which belong to code switching and code mixing.

d. Classifying and analyzing the types of code switching and the forms of code mixing.

e. Calculating each type of code switching and code mixing and determining the most dominant type.

f. Drawing some conclusions based on the result of analysis.

Galser and Strauss (in Moleong, 2006:22) states that in many cases, both forms of methods are needed, not quantitative test qualitative, but both forms are used together and, when compared, each of which can be used to formulate the theory.

And also this research was conducted by using library research in which a number of books about linguistics, sociolinguistics, and code choice. Nawawi (1993:30) states that library research is carried out by accumulating all the data from various literatures either in library or in other places.

3.1 Data and Data Source

To complete this research, the writer needs data, the data is a conversation between people in social media Facebook. Data take from group in facebook named Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors. There are 346 members in this group. The data obtained from comments in 20 posts that contain conversation between members in December 2013.

(30)

3.2 Data Collection Procedures

The data of this research were gathered by using observation method with recording techniques. More than 30 posts by members in group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors during December 2013 but the writer only selects 20 posts that contain code mixing process in their conversation.

Writing all utterances of the conversation and analyzing the code mixing based on the conversation between members in Facebook online shop Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors.

3.3 Step of the Research

After collecting all the data were needed for the continuity of the research, some steps were taken as the following:

a. Transcribing all the utterances of all conversation between members in Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors.

b. Identifying the words which belong to code mixing found in the conversation.

c. Classifying the code mixing in all conversation based on the components of language.

d. Calculating types of code mixing used by members of Facebook online shop Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors and determining the most dominant types of code mixing they used.

e. Converting to percentages by using a formula.

f. Drawing calculations based on the results of analysis to obtain the most frequent type of code mixing used by members Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors, the writer chooses distribution frequency in calculating the data. Bungin (2005:171-172) states that calculating data with distributive frequency is calculating the frequency is percentaged. This is the formula.

(31)

n = Fx/N x 100%

Where:

n : total frequency of code mixing in percent

Fx : total code mixing frequency of the sub categories 100% : standard percentage

N : total all code mixing of categories

g. Analyzing the reasons of the speakers used code mixing in the conversation based on theory of Hymes.

(32)

CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND FINDING

4.1 Analysis

The writer transcribing the data from some conversations between members in Facebook online shop Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors in December 2013 that show code mixing in the form of word, phrase, clause and sentence. Then the writer analyzes it using the teory as shown in chapter 2. The data limited only on code mixing in English and Bahasa Indonesia in their conversation.

Data 1

Lex Grodd : wah... apa aja bro... mantep kelihatannya..

Lex Grodd : yang meja kursi satu set (A) ada nggk bro.. yg bisa kyk buat meeting (B) gitu

: isi nya meja (botol sake, gelas, koran & 1

porsi susi), TV, sound system set (C) (radio & pemutar piringan hitam), lemari, mesin jahit, meja telephone

: bru dpt ini aja om

lain

: gmn om

sekalian tak orderin (D) dah ada yg pesen nih

(33)

: aku nyari meja bunder buat meeting (E) bro... hehehe

: itu jg mejanya bunder dah komplit sama

lauk pauk & minum plus korannya om

: Lucu nih.. ada mesin jahitnya.. hehehe.. klu

mejanya yg kotak tinggian ada ga bro.. kayak mejanya tony stark

: hehehe iya o

yg set (F) ini aja om blom ada yg lain

Word : (A) (B) (D) (E) (F)

Phrase : (C)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 2

: ini seri showdown om

: Keren om...

: ayo--ayo yang minat

: cocok nih jadi colonaut...

masih sakit hati hasbro

(34)

Word : -

Phrase : (A)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 3

: Domino sudah masuk ke team (A)... ronda

malam makin rameee!!

: WUIHH.. archie nya mana? wkwkwk sama

yg ninja putih itu bro

: archie siapa bro??? ninja putih si storm

shadow bro???

: archangel bro.. ninja putih yg org biasa

custom (B) pake Storm shadow sih bro,, tp gatau namanya wkwk gabaca komik

: ohoho..sory (C) agak ngantuk jd gak

konsen..hehe oh fantomex, bukan ninja atuh..cmn doi pemalu aja, jd pake penutup muka..hehe belum bro, msh hunting figure (D) yg basenya (E) putih..MU tp..km mau nyumbang?? ya macam FF spidey, Iron fist or (F) karnak jg boleh..heheh

: ahh FF spidey gw jg perlu nih bro hehehe...

knp ga pake storm shadow aja bro? kan byk yg jual murah hehe

(35)

: beda bro..hehe

: base bodynya (G)

blackwidow movie (H) yaa?? mukanya juga?

: hehe emg pake body base (I) SS ga lebih

mudah ya bro?

: setelah bertahun2.. cuman jadi Domino..

??? hehehe... semangat bro... team (J) ini kan harapanmu satu2nya..jadi kudhu smpe tuntas tas tas tas...

: Keren sekali yah,hahaha

bro..cmn stlh bnyk yg bikin fantomex pake base figure (K) stve roger/cyclops MU, keliatan lbh keren..n kyk asli MU aja gitu.. full (L)

BW..kecuali rambut..

base (M) siapa gitu..ini aja sbnrnya bs lbh sempurna lagi lo klo pake base (N)cew MU yg baru (X23)

: mau donk dominonya

(36)

: ada pake pewarna gabro? atau murni custom (O) tempel body (P) af lain?

: maksudnya kalo mau menambahkan atau

ngurangin warna pake apa yah ?

: Saya nambah sabuk, rompi, boobs (Q),

ganti rambut, n trus paint (R) deh, item n abu2 putih bro

: boobs (S) mksdnya apa bro?..suntik solikin?

: lha itu, paint (T) yang disarankan jenis apa

yah ?

Word : (A) (B) (C) (E) (F) (H) (J) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P) (Q) (R) (S) (T)

Phrase : (D) (G) (I) (K) Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 4

: magneto sama juggy pinggirin jadiin grup

sendiri...yg ini tambahin baroness (GI joe movie (A)) + Ivan Whiplash movie (B) + Loki movie (C) + IronMonger movie (D)... mantepsss

(37)

: buahhh.. jadi banyak wishlist (E) nya.. wkwkwk

: resiko keracunan Action figure (F) om

susah menghindarinya

: bener om, penawar racunnya ga ada yg jual

hingga saat ini

: ho oh

: Lha ntu penawarnya yg bejejuter

: wkwkwk... itu buat naikin daya tahan doang

om yud, dosis tinggi lama2..

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) Phrase : (E) (F)

Clause : - Sentence : -

Data 5

: beli kacang pilus aja bro...

: permen telur cicak lebih cocok

: Wuiiiiiihh beli juga akhirnya

(38)

: hehehe..yoibro..

: Havoknya jg yaa

: bro..kepalanya scorpion ini km ambil aja,

buat bahan custom (A) jd bettle..musuhnya spidey jg..yg besok keluar versi ML movie AS2

: Fahmi copot kepala, tangan dan kaki

Word : (A)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 6

: udah aku warp (A) ke br

: br

toko bikin rak senjata kok...hihihi

: Belum jago... masih trial & error (B)

: pake kotak kartu nama yg plastik. dibuat

(39)

: pic (C) ga bro, coz (D)aku bener" nge-blank (E) iki

: bsk ya bro

: BERHASIL!!!

Walau ancur yang penting punya

kurang poles aja sih, klo di finishing (F) jadi yahud nih.

: share (G)bro...

: dicat keren nih.. industrial bro.. jgn

warna ngeblok.. model industrial aja

: pakai PCB Matrix om.. (kalau anak electro

pasti tau)

: kalo mau bisa beli tempat bolpoin yang besi

jaring2 itu

: pcb matrix bli di toko listrik ya m

: oh iya papan pcb utk rakit alat2 electronic

: iya ya, PCB Matrix paling bagus tuh,

praktis, ga kepikiran gw

(40)

: yg biasa di pinggir jalan jualannya bareng lampu2 gitu bukan ya?

: yang jual spare part (H) electronik bro..jgn

yg jual lampu.., tpi tanya aja dulu brgkali ada.

: Boleh juga idenya pakai mcb, nie aku lagi

coba pake kotak cd2 bekas...

Word : (A) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)

Phrase : (B)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 7

: mau post (A) cuman segan bro.. soale masih

ecek2 n ada DC nya ^^

: Rc Zlatan Fantasuperb bro, aku minat

Wolverine masked (B)-nya pm ya

: baiklah om ^^

: hehehe.... gk pp kn Marvelnya 70% lebih

: padahal uda nungguin dari pagi eh

(41)

: makasi ya om Lex

: serem2 ini

: Sabrenya dah melayang

: sama nasibnya kita om yud

: tuch br

salah nih

: salah kenapa nih om? Heheh

: Wolverine nya gadak lagi ya om?

Word : (A) (B)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 8

: cupu yah

: heran ane..kok chris evan jd gitu..kyknya ini

(42)

: ini asli keluaran masbro? catnya kok gtuuu.

: jauh yah dr seri sebelumnya

: wakakakakaka... parah...

kayanya MU lama bakal naek harga

: ya ini kurang lebih bro..ini gambar saya

ambil dr ebay seller (B) dr HK...dia biasa jual figure (C) 2 hasbro, yg mngkn reject (D) selundupan gitu..

: pengaruh harga BBM naek sih kmrn..jd

serba irit deh

: aseekkk.. jadi kaya maenan dipinggir jalan

nih dijual abang" depan sekolah SD

: wkwkwk.. gw berhenti koleksi aja keknya

: wohoho..tunggu yg resmi aja bro dr

hasbro..kali aja ada keajaiban..hehe...

: ini mah udah masuk k segment (E) anak2

bro, apalg klo dah harga 200rb, ogah koleksi klo dah kek gini br

(43)

kalo bener final (G)produknya begini sih mending kasteman (H)MU steve rogers aja

: wah2.. kalau bentuk spt ini jdi makin

semangat nih..nyari figure (I)2 lama..

: siap2 harga ga normal aja ya bro lex,

wkwkwk.. ntr bisa2 semua figure (J) MU bisa seharga MU vision 5 tahun k depan wkwkwk XD

: waduh jadi kyk investasi dong kalau

begitu... ..search (K) ah..apa saja yg tergolong "rare"(L) di MU .. xixixixixi

: wkwkwk klo productnya (M) kek gini mah,

semua spiderman jg bisa rare (N) keknya bro wkwk

: kasihan generasi penerus kita.. (MU

lovers (O)yg baru mau koleksi)..

: tega bgt hasbro .. anak kecil jg ga mau beli

figur (P)steve ga jelas gini wkwkwk suram

: gw jg malas mau beli sih, buang duit dan jg

ga cocok klo d jajarin sama MU

: aneh ya..apa ganti designer (Q)?..kan

(44)

(steve rogers)... kok malah begindang bentuknya..

: Bagus yg varian unmask (S) captain

america seri avengers jauh huhuhu

: ini sih keknya lini movie (T)deh bro lex,

emg lini movie (U) makin jelek sejak amazing spidey movie (V)

: udah langka itu broedwin hehe

: aku aja baru tahu kalau lini itu ada keluarin

yg unmask (W)

: wkwkwk itu gw jg mau hehe

: Gih, apa2an ini " beneran ini line movie (X)

nya Captain America 2 om?

: Belum resmi rilis... ini masih rejectan (Y)

sptna, semoga nanti pas rilis ga spt ini.

: Amin om, Amin!

: Tp diebay dah dijual, so sad (Z)..

: Kalo menurut saya sih bagus2 aja, as long

(45)

: Yudis di ebay emg srg kelolosan barang reject (BB)...

: Untung bucky ws nya masih bagusan

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) (J) (K) (L) (M) (N) (O) (P) (Q) (R) (T) (U) (V) (W) (Y) (BB)

Phrase : (S) (X) (Z)

Clause : (AA)

Sentence : -

Data 9

: Brapa inch? Pm

: Ukuran 3.75 bro

: Harga?

: cek pm bro

: wah harus di cek

: Ud cek bro nori?

: piro

(46)

: pm om

: Sori (A) lupa update (B), SOLD (C)

: mantab

: Waaahh.. Ga jodoh. Padahal baru diincer

akhir bulan mau gw ambil

: Iya tp kl gw blg, perutny krg proporsional

: hehehe...

Word : (A) (B) (C)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 10

: mantapssss

: Ahay ada master (A) lex

: Jiah bkn master (B)bro,.. memang

Showdown sculpt (C) lebih detail (D) lho bro.

(47)

: Ow gitu ya om lex grodd, ic

: Iya betul bro lex, pergelangan tangan selalu

ada artikulasi nya ya

: iyup.. pergelangan tangan bisa digerakan..

kalau di MU gak semua..yg aku tau Dr.Strange, Spider-man SDCC movie (E)..

: tpi itu semua kembali ke selera bro.. ada yg

suka detail (F), ada yg suka agak comicstyle (G)dsbnya.

: wolvie yg itu ktnya oke bgt yah

detailnya (H)? sy blm ada soalnya.

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (H)

Phrase : (G)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 11

: serang...!!!

: aduh itu Ms Marvel msh di

blister (A).. ngumpulin Dark Avengers jg atau barang lama bro?

(48)

: barang lama g msh saya kumpulin bro....ms marvel dpt mahal..jd mau di buka sayang..

: dulu mau custom (B) dr ms.marvel yg item,

eh trnyta topengnya beda....

: beda di mata doank kan yaa?

: iya...n itu yg plng susah..hehe

: Bedanya gmn bro? venomnya yg ga besar

ya?

: bro fahmi info dong

stand base (C) yg d pake iron patriot ma sentry belinya d mana tu bro ? hehe

: bikin bro..tp mending km beli

Stand base (D) tamashi stage act aja, lebih kuat n poseble..klo yg di fotoku itu cmn bs buat berdiri tegak gitu

: ooohh ya ya bro kirain beli, mntap bro

Word : (A) (B)

Phrase : (C) (D)

Clause : - Sentence : -

(49)

Data 12

: prefer (A) buat DD kalau aku..

: ya itu jg bias

: kmrn pas punya kok sama sekali gak

kepikiran ya..

: tinggal dicat hitam kacamata jadi Matt

Murdock, kalau di cat merah jadi Scott Summers ..

: klo scoot terlalu gemuk bro...

: ah dirimu mengingatkan ku sama

teampack (B)yg batal itu, emaaa

Word : (A)

Phrase : (B)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 13

: wah,,, brp bro?

: nanti malem om baru dikasi fotonya

(50)

: wag sayang bgt dah...yg rare (A) krn putihnya itu

: mungkin biar ga rare (B) dicat

item..hadehhh

: sapa yg jual om?

: mafia yg kmaren jual

archangel,gambut,cyclops, wolvie om ternyata yak.. mirisss

: kenalin donk sama mafianya

: wedew..ada mafianya segala..

: abis barangnya serem2..

: ih bikin penasaran aja nih

: biasanya barang bagus keluar malam

omStay tune (C) aje

: sumpah..bukan saya yg jual

: padahal punya tuh om

(51)

: anti venom menyusul..ada yg mau?

: pm bro..venomnya

: itu beneran venom item apa anti venom di

custom (D)?

: klo ada ungu nya gitu brti itu figure (E)asli

venom...bkn anti venom di repaint (F)...yg repaint (G) hasbro kali nih

: bukan itu venom beneran, yg di custom (H)

ternyata goblin nya..wkwkwk

: yg penting anti venomnya selamat

: betull

: asli itu br

iitemin sam

: iya br

: aslinya ungu ternyata... hehehe

(52)

Word : (A) (B) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)

Phrase : (C)

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 14

: walah nyadar bahaya nih

: mayan dah buat jadiin mas kawin

: ga sampe 3jt ya?

murahhhh.... <-- bacot gede

: wah..tpi habis gini rare (A)semua kok MU

nya... wkwkwkwk

: mari kita sabotase MU nya..ahaha

: borong2

: harus ada asosiasi pedagang MU nih..eh

kolektorMU mksdku..

: dan semoga semua anggota disini masih

ingat tujuan awal didirikan grup ini untuk membentuk "brotherhood"(B) seperti kata br

(53)

: nah br tuh tujuan awalnya didirikannya IMUC itu apa secara saya jg anak baru di sini jd mungkin bisa di jelaskan gitu.

: SAYA XMEN, BUKAN

BROTHERHOOD....!! sambil menyilangkan tangan

: Waduh sy salah komen kmaren piss bro,

ganti brethren deh

: nah , ini giliran salah satu dedengkot IMUC

Penggagas, founding father (C)

kita..br group ini.. hehehe

: Hiy serem ADRT, ga boleh dlm brumah

tangga

Word : (A) (B)

Phrase : (C)

Clause : -

(54)

Data 15

: kyknya kmaren ada deh di booth (A) KMI

: Iya di situ doank, jualannya bro Dedi

selebihnya sepi.

: ya "antara telat dateng" n "sudah habis

MUnya"...itu sama aja bro..hehehe sudah km ubek2 bro? pasti km cari yg loose2an (B) ya buat custom (C)..hehehe

: om fahmi customin (D) venom ft dong...

ngidam nih..

: Udah di ubek2 bro, loose (E)pun tak ada..

Baru itupun di KMI..

: ok2 (F) saya ngaku...sebenarnya sdh saya borong semuanya..xixixixi

: sini beliin Spidey FF warna item yg

sepack (G) sama Dr.Doom putih..nt saya custom (H) jd venom FT

: pake spidey item aja..xp tar klo dapet yak

: klo pake yg FF, lebih berotot bro..sama kyk

(55)

: pada nyari apa sih..bro2 ini... udah pindah dimari smua venomnya

: heheheh gmn bro rame gak?

: Sepi bro, ramean TF yg di balai kartini

kemaren.

: cm pindahan tf dr cityywalk,ama tebet.balai

kartini. yg. Terbesar

: maret gede kali ya?

: yup mrt terbesar.dijkt

: maret ada apaan nih? Hehehe

: Wah,gawat mu dah mulai menghilang,apa

ada yg nimbun

: jangan ngilang dulu dong..baru juga mulai..

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

(56)

Data 16

: ayo ada yg punya gak...ane beli deh

: di cat pnk trus dijadiin hair dryer (A)ya bro?

: ya bro..sesuai requestmu (B)..hihihi

: cucok bro..

: Recast (C)aja bro

: nah tuh bro, recast (D) aja bikin bnyak

bagi2 ntar.

: siapa yg punya aslinya? klo recast (E) apa

kuat bro...

: Gw punya sih.. Ntar gw cobain deh.. Kuat

sih..kecuali lu sengaja patahin hehehe

: Boleh pesen tuh bro rubin.skalian kl bs

pistolnya dr doom sm walter nazi

: Boleh pesen tuh bro rubin.skalian kl bs

pistolnya dr doom sm walter nazi

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

(57)

Data17

: silahkan bro, klo mau di bantu jg boleh loh

: wihhh hebat

: aku bantu ngrapihin figure (A)ya?

: zzzzzz, bantui nambahin figure (B) boleh

bro

: Aku bantu doa aja

: bikin diorama, xforce kyk gimn ya bro

ya??? tema settingnya(C) gitu..

(musti download (D)komiknya dulu nih)

: Aku ngga pernah baca xforce yg

team (E)baru tp demennya yg temanya ancur2an gtu(kaya jalanan ancur) jd bikin tim pose (F)aja(avengers movie (G)ku aku buat kaya gtu, bsk2 ku update (H)fotonya)

: aseeek

: mana gambarnya om?

: kaya gini bro..

(58)

: atau klo mau murah bikinnya kaya gini..

: bahan2 nya apa?

: yg mana bro? yg avengers pake

Cardboard (I) bawahnya(bisa di ganti karton atau kayu buat basenya(J)), trus jalanan yg retak2 itu pake clay(harganya lumayan 40k klo ngga salah di gramedia). tinggal di catnya aja pake pilox. klo yg ironman samabasenya (K) pake cardboard (L), trus di lapisin lem fox, trus pake tanah beneran om(di depan rumah banyak), rumput2annya pake sapu ijuk itu di cat ijo.

: Hulknya seri apa bro?

: seri walmart exclusive 6" br

tapi terlalu besar keliatannya.

: Oh pantes,sayang 4 inchnya ga ada ya

: Kalau cari hulk yg pas buat 4" ada koq, cari

dari seri lini incredible hulk pas buat 4".

: yup, tp sayang mukanya bukan hulk yg baru.

: Owh klo mau yg 4" muka baru ada koq seri

(59)

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) (J) (K) (L)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : - Data 18

: top top (A)...

: naah, ini dia nih pelakunya yg borong

MU..makanya pada ludes br gawat nih sentinel

: wuuaaannnjiiirrr..mantaabb!!! hasil jarahan

yg lainnya mana nih?

: hayoo ngakuu..share (B) jarahan dongss

: Nubiecuman nemu ini duang mbah2

sekalian.. Beneraan...

: geledaaaaaaahhhhhh...

: ini satu, yg variant (C)ungu satu, yg dari

baf ml satu..trus pake diorama nya bro Oscy, mantap dah racunnya

: Wahhh.. Klo varian (D) ungu gak kebayang

(60)

: ngga rugi bro punya sentinel, *lirik2 bro

: Husss.. Om lex, jangan geledah ane yg masi

unyu gini..

: mahalan yg BAF keknya bro

: ck ck ck...

: diembat jg

: Iya om obet.. Imannya ndak kuat nahan

godaan..

Word : (A) (B) (C) (D)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data19

: Gan.. pny MU Cyclops atw jean grey?

: Belom gan

: mantap brooooo

: Ajibbbb

(61)

: makasi bro....kebetulan dr beli MOC semua bro..jadi kepalang gak dibuka..ternyata keren juga buat di ajang di

dinding...heheheh

: sip..begitu kebuka satu..konsekuensinya

besaaaar.... hehehe

: ngga gatel yaa bro, bawaannya pingin buka

gtu.

: gile daya tahan nya si om..salutt

: kalau aku MOC..bawaannya pingin jual

aja...

: Otak dagang ya broLex? Wkwkwkk

: Wkwkwkk....gak la..yg dibuka ad khusus

HT aj..kalo mu moc semuaaaaa

: Dan tidak akan dijual brosekalian..hehehhe

: kita harus menghargai style (B)koleksi

orang lain, biarin klo emng mau nyimpen MOC, keren kok di lihatnya..jd tetep semangat bro..jgn di buka… buka BUKAAAAA!!!!

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: Fahmi wkwkkwk....yoi bro..ud dipajang semua di dinding..keren kok

: bikin dioramanya bro..khusus MOC

: Wadow....cm di dinding bro

Word : (A) (B)

Phrase : -

Clause : -

Sentence : -

Data 20

: akhirnya kelar juga.

: sentinel nya 2 lagi brooscy..itu si dp orang2

sibuk adu jotos doi leha2

: sentinel muaaaahhhuuuuaaall

: kereeeeennnnnn . . . ajarin dong brobuat

giniann hihi

: gampang kok bro, pake cardboard (A)atau

kardus aqua ato indomie aja di coba2..kaga gini

: woh..INHUMAN bukan di sini ya

tempatnya??hem..sepertinya saya msh bisa "menyumbangkan" bbrp item (B) nih..

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: sumpekbro itu klo masuk semua, yg galaxy2an mending bikin baru deh.mau "menyumbangkan" apa lg nih bro

: yg sama spidey itu siapa bro..yg lagi

dikeroyok sinister six

: scarlet spidey sama spidey yg baru. untuk

foto jelasnya liat di album aja bro..

: ngerii albumnya..jadiin foto cover (C) di

group ini mah..

: Kelas berat ini mah..

: ini sebenernya tema-nya apa ya?..

: temanya one stop shopping (D)

bro...xixixixi..

: ini temanya "Palugada War".... hehehe

: oh brti bro oscy hrs beli hercules...biar gak

perang gara Palu gak ada..

: temanya gebuk2anbro

kurang galactus tuh,,ane dh prnh liat

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: Ini ukuran dioramanya brp bro?brp x brp? rencana nt mau di tutup kaca gak nih?? kyk maket proyek deh nih..hihihi

: 154x66 cm bro, ini bisa di pecah jd 2.

maunya sih pake kaca atau acrylic biar ada yg bisa di gantung2 gtu figurenya (E).

: udah ama tata lampu blum nih bro....mantap

bgt

: blum bro, ngga jago perlistrikan.

: keren abis

: gile albumnya ngeri2 ada LEGO

SUPERHERO pula bikin gregetan

: hahahaha top (F)nihhhh, brp lama nih buat

ginian carrrr

: Hehehehe, klo di akumulasiin paling sebulan

kurang. lamaan ngumpulin figurenya (G) Ded.

: bisa pesen buat diorama KMI nih, Ded

: ngumpulin figure (H ) seumur hidup blum

tentu kelar bro... hehehe

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: wooooo AVX.Diorama pantai gtu bro?atau karakternya?

: yup diorama pantai....yg pesawat

pengangkut Avengers hancur dijebol colossus combo (I) sama magneto... para avengers pd berjatuhan kelaut..dan para x- men menunggu dipinggir pantai ..

: wkwkwkwkwk, ampuuunnn..

: huahahaha..modal dulu pesawat avengernya

: itu colossus yg figurenya (J) ngga jd keluar

yaa?

: lanjuttt om lex..

: males ah...biar pada download (K) sdri...

: minta link online (L) komik gretong nan

asoy nya donk om

Word : (A) (B) (C) (E) (F) (G) (H) (I) (J) (K) Phrase : (D) (L)

Clause : -

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4.2 Finding

From the data description and analysis, the writer will describe the findings as follows:

4.2.1 Type of Code Mixing

There are 143 utterances of code mixing in the form of word, phrase, and clause found in conversation between members Facebook Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group in December 2013.

From the data analysis, the writer found 122 words, 20 phrases, 1 clause and no sentence. The writer concludes that the type of code mixing used by members in Facebook Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group is intra – sentential mixing.

No Intra – Sentential Mixing Number of Code Mixing Percentage

1. Word 122

2. Phrase 20

3. Clause 1

Total 143

No Extra – Sentential Mixing Number of Code Mixing Percentage

1. Sentence 0

Total 0

4.2.2 Most Dominant Type of Code Mixing (Percentage)

The most dominant type of code mixing used by members in Facebook Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group is intra – sentential mixing. Code mixing of word 85, 3%, code mixing of phrase 14, 0 %, code mixing of clause 0, 7% and code mixing of sentence 0 %.

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No Intra – Sentential Mixing Number of Code Mixing Percentage

1. Word 122 85,3%

2. Phrase 20 14,0%

3. Clause 1 0,7%

Total 143 100%

No Extra – Sentential Mixing Number of Code Mixing Percentage

1. Sentence 0 0%

Total 0 0%

4.2.3Reason of Members Use Code Mixing

The writer make questions to 29 members in the group that included in data analysis about the reason why they used code mixing in their conversation based on Hymes (in Jendra, 2010: 71) theory that is SPEAKING

a. 7 people choose Setting and scene, members in the group have a common hobby. They talk in social media Facebook that a place where people free to use language. Members in the group used code mixing to make a good relationship between them.

b. 5 people choose Participant, there are so many terms or words used English language that only can be understood between members in this group. That is why people in this group often mix their language.

c. 5 people choose Ends, members in the group used code mixing to discuss and sharing information about their hobby.

d. 3 people choose Act sequence, members in the group used code mixing to discuss and sharing information about their hobby, before making a comment on a conversation in the group they must know the topic and not run out of topic. Respect to each other and only discuss about action figure Marvel Universe.

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e. 3 people choose Key, it is also referred to the spirit captured in the manner or feeling of members Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group using comment they write in the group.

f. 2 people choose Instrumentalities, members in Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group consider making a conversation in a casual friendly way. g. 2 people choose Norm of interaction, must be carefull to write a comment

in a group of Facebook, keep politenees and respect with other opinions are very important

h. 2 people choose Genre, the genre found in conversation between members Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors is a brotherhood.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

Based on the data analysis which is presented in the previous chapter, the conclutions are drawn as the following:

1. From the data analysis, the writer found 122 words, 20 phrases, 1 clause and no sentence. The writer concluded that the type of code mixing used by members in Facebook Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group is intra – sentential mixing.

2. The most dominantly types of code mixing used by members in Facebook Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group is intra – sentential mixing. Code mixing of word 85, 3%, code mixing of phrase 14, 0 %, code mixing of clause 0, 7% and code mixing of sentence 0 %.

3. The writer make questions to 29 members in the group that included in data analysis about the reason why they used code mixing in their conversation based on Hymes (in Jendra, 2010: 71) theory that is SPEAKING, are:

c. 5 people choose Ends, members in the group used code mixing to discuss and sharing information about their hobby.

d. 3 people choose Act sequence, members in the group used code mixing to discuss and sharing information about their hobby, before making a comment on a conversation in the group they must

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know the topic and not run out of topic. Respect to each other and only discuss about action figure Marvel Universe.

e. 3 people choose Key, it is also referred to the spirit captured in the manner or feeling of members Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group using comment they write in the group.

f. 2 people choose Instrumentalities, members in Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors group consider making a conversation in a casual friendly way.

g. 2 people choose Norm of interaction, must be carefull to write a comment in a group of Facebook, keep politenees and respect with other opinions are very important

h. 2 people choose Genre, the genre found in conversation between members Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors is a brotherhood.

5.2 Suggestion

Related to the conclusions above, the suggestions are drawn as the following:

1. It is suggested to English students and the next writers or researchers in analyzing of code mixing which happen in Indonesia. Code mixing not only occurs in written language but also in spoken language. The writer hopes this study will provide a better technique for others to conduct further analysis about code mixing using a certain or another media especially in spoken language because it can give a valuable contribution for readers in understanding the using of code mixing among bilingual societies.

2. It is suggested to readers to less in mixing English language to Bahasa Indonesia. There are many spoken language in many media used code mixing of English language to Bahasa Indonesia. It will interfere the integrity of using Bahasa Indonesia itself. Let us keep Bahasa Indonesia as the identity of our nation by being proud of it as well as using it in every communication without or less doing the code mixing.

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APPENDICES

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(1)

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7 members choose A

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5 members choose C

3 members choose D

3 members choose E

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2 members choose F

2 members choose G

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An Analysis of Code Mixing Used by Members of Facebook Online Shop Group Indonesia Marvel Universe Collectors