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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter discusses the research findings from which the data were collected and analyzed. The discussion is distributed into data description of
critical thinking ability and Comprehension reading ability, data analysis and hypotheses test.
A. Data Description
1. Critical Thinking Ability Data
The ability of students’ citical thinking of SMA Kharisma Bangsa was
determined by calculating the number of correct answer of the critical thinking test. The answer then is analyzed and scored. This figure below is the illustration
of the critical thinking ability data:
Figure 4.1 Histogram of the Students’ Score Frequency of Critical Thinking Test
The Figure 4.1 above shows that from 35 participants who did the critical thinking test, the most frequently appeared score mode are the group score of
interval 70 —75, there are 8 students. Beside, there are 2 participants who got the
highest score in the interval of 90 —95. The lowest score of critical thinking test
is in the interval of 40 —45 with only one student.
Moreover, the descriptive statistic of students critical thinking ability data was described more detail in the following table:
Table 4.1 The Descriptive Statistic of Critical Thinking Ability Data
Mean 73.071
Median 72.500
Maximum 92.5
Minimum 42.5
Range 50,0
Interquartil Range 15.0
Standard Deviation 1
0.6081 Variance Coefficient
112.532 Skewness
.526 Standard Error Skewness
.398 Kurtosis
.799 Standard Error Kurtosis
.778 From the table above, it reveals the data of students’ critical thinking
ability based on the descriptive statistic. It is indicated by the mean, median, maximum and minimum score. In this case, the average score mean of the
critical thinking data is 73.071 and the middle point median score is 72.5. Meanwhile, the minimum score of students critical thinking ability is 42.5 and the
maximum score is 92.5. Next, the range of critical thinking ability score is 50.0. In addition, the dispersion or variabilit
y distribution of students’ critical thinking is indicated by the standard deviation, variance coefficient, skewness and
kurtosis. Based on the table 4.1 it shows that the standard deviation of critical thinking data is 10, 6081.Next, the variance coefficient score is 112.532, while,
the skewness score is –.526. The kurtosis score as shown in the table above is
.799.
The description, table and the figure presented above clearly represent the statistical data of students’ critical thinking ability in SMA Kharisma Bangsa. It
describes the mean, median, range and the mode score, as well as the standard deviation and variance coefficient score.
2. The Comprehension Reading Skill Data
The comprehension reading ability of students of SMA Kharisma Bangsa is determined by the test of reading comprehension that is conducted directly after
critical thinking test.
Table 4.2
The Descriptive Statistic of Comprehension Reading Data of Rater
Descriptive Statistics Rater
Mean 76.2
Median 76.0
Mode 82.0
Maximum 89.0
Minimum 64.0
Descriptive Statistic Rater
Range 25.0
Standard Deviation 5.9597
Variance 35.518
Skewness .126
Standard Error of Skewness ,398
Kurtosis -,454
Standard Error of Kurtosis ,778
Sum 2667,0
Based on the table 4.2 represented above, it shows the central tendency of reading comprehension ability. It indicates that the score appears the most mode
score is 82.0; while, the mode score given by the second rater is 73.0. Next, it is
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