B. Error Analysis
1. Definition of Error Analysis
Error analysis is the process of finding the incidence, nature, causes and consequences of failed language.In addition, an error analysis of language is a
procedure which is usually used by language researchers and teachers consist of sample collection, explanation of error and its classification based on evaluation
or the level of scoring of the errors.Gass and Selinker also state error analysis is a type of linguistic analysis that focuses on the errors made by the learner.
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Moreover, Erdoǧanexplains thaterror analysis is a part of applied linguistics,
became known in the sixties to show that learner‘s errors were not only because of the learner‘s native language, but also the reflection of some universal learning
strategies.
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Also, a quote by Muriel states that error analysis is the first approach to the study of second language acquisition which focuses on the learners‘
creative ability to construct language.
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Based on some definitions from the experts above, the writer concludesthat error analysis is a way or method to know the performance of
second language students in constructing their target language by evaluating their errors. From evaluating their errors, the causes of their errors can also be
found.Furthermore, the teacher can find the best way to fix the errorsby considering the causes of their errors.
2. Goal of Error Analysis
Rod Ellis gives―the good reasons for focusing on error as:
a. They are a conspicuous feature of learner language, raising important
question of ‗Why do learners make errors?‘ b.
It is useful for teachers to know what errors learners make.
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Susan M. Grass and Larry Selinker, op.cit, p.79
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VehiceErdo ǧan, op.cit, p.262
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MurielSaville-Troike, Introducing Second Language Acquisition, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008, p.37
c. It is possible that making errors may actually help learners to learn
when they self-correct the errors they make. ‖
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Moreover, Rod Ellis claims that classifying errors in these ways can help to identify
learner‘s learning problem at any level of their development and to draw how changes in error patterns occur repeatedly.
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Error analysis can show a description of the type of difficulty experienced by learners. If it is done in a large such a survey, it can be really useful in
developing a curriculum.One of the goals of error analysis is to help build an account of the second-language learners
‘ linguistic competence. Based on some definitions from the experts above, the writer would like to
conclude the goal of error analysis is to find the best way to fix the errors made by the students by using the appropriate technique.
3. Procedures of Error Analysis
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