Hot-Potatoes Program Theoretical Description

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, it discusses the methodology usage in conducting research and answering the two research problems. The research methodology consists of six parts; they are research method, research setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique, data analysis technique and research procedure.

A. Research Method

This research applied research and development to obtain and solve the answer in the research questions related to the Web-based reading exercises using Hot-Potatoes for seventh grade students of SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta. This research combined two approaches of instructional design or research and development according to Kemp 1989 and Morrison, Ross, Kalman, Kemp 2011. Based on the research ‟s needs, the researcher started this research with analysing the needs, designing the lesson plan, developing the lesson plan into exercises, and evaluating the design. The description of research and development in this research as follows:

1. Analysing the Needs

In analysing the needs, the researcher divided this part into two. They were conducting interview and distributing questionnaire ‟s sheets. The researcher used both two inst ruments to find the need‟s analysis. 24

a. Interview

According to Ary, Jacobs, Sorensen 2010, interview is a way to get data which cannot be obtained through observation. Basically, interview is someone‟s opinion, feeling, belief about something or situation p. 438. In addition, the researcher adapted focus group as category of interview, i.e. teachers group. The given questions conducted in open-ended questions using Indonesian language. Further, the researcher also implemented qualitative structured interview as the type of interview. Ary, Jacobs, Sorensen 2010 define qualitative structured interview as scheduled questions which cannot be responsed using yes or no and its function to get certain information related to the research, i.e., find the needs ‟ analysis p. 438. In analysing the needs, the researcher interviewed two English teachers at SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta who handled the seventh grade students. Because of the researcher only focused on the English teacher and not other teachers, the researcher applied focus group interview as the type of interview. Therefore, this research provided eight open- ended questions covering the needs‟ analysis. The list of questions can be seen in appendix B.

b. Questionnaire

The researcher conducted the questionnaire in a form of close-ended questions within the use of Indonesian language. Best 1970 defines the term of questionnaire as: Administered personally to groups of individuals have a number of advantages. The person administering the instrument has an opportunity to establish rapport, to explain the purpose of the study, and to explain the meaning of items that may not be clear p. 161.