kinds of adjectives since these adjectives were mostly used by the teacher to teach the eighth grade students at MTs kebunrejo Banyuwangi.
2.2.4 Adverbs According to Hatch and Brown 1995:230 adverbs are similar to
adjectives in many ways although they typically assign attributes to verbs, to clauses, or to entire sentences rather than to nouns. Thomson and Martinet
1986:32 mention eight kinds of adverbs as the following: 1. Manner
: bravely, fast, happily, hard, quickly, etc. 2. Place
: by, down, here, near, there, etc. 3. Time
: now, soon, still, then, today, etc. 4. Frequency
: always, never, often, etc. 5. Sentence
: certainly, definitely, luckily, etc. 6. Degree
: fairly, hardly, rather, very, etc. 7. Interrogative
: when, where, why. 8. Relative
: when, where, why. Thomson and Martinet 1986:32
This research focused on adverbs of manner, adverbs of place, adverbs of time, adverbs of frequency, adverbs of degree, and adverbs of interrogative.
Those kinds of verbs were chosen because they were appropriate for the eighth grade students at MTs Kebunrejo Banyuwangi.
2.3 Vocabulary Achievement
Vocabulary is a key aspect of language learning since it is a fundamental element of a language. Vocabulary acquisition always exists in the whole process of
Second Language Acquisition, for example in learning English. Learning vocabulary is also regarded as necessary for understanding the grammatical structures of a
language. That is why, vocabulary is very important for the students. It will also help the students in understanding English in spoken and written forms. Since vocabulary
is really important, the teacher should help the students to acquire it. They should create some interesting techniques to improve the students’ vocabulary achievement.
Achievement is the emphasis of what has been learned by the students on recent school learning McMillan, 1992:117. In other words, achievement is the
result that students have achieved on what have been learned that can be seen from their scores from the tests given. According to Hughes 2003:13 achievement tests
are directly related to language courses, their purpose is to establish how successful individual students, groups of students, or the courses themselves have been
achieving objectives. In this research, vocabulary achievement dealt with the students’ ability in
achieving the collection of words recognized after learning vocabulary that was indicated by the scores of the vocabulary test. The students’ vocabulary achievement
was measured by the vocabulary test covering the uses of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in the sentences.
2.4 Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary
In learning a foreign language, vocabulary is considered to be the most important part that has to be learnt, since vocabulary is the basic for learning any
languages. Without having enough vocabulary, the students will be difficult in mastering the foreign language, especially English. They will be difficult in reading,
writing, or speaking by using that language. In learning vocabulary, the students do not only learn or memorize the forms of the words, but also learn about the word
meanings. Without mastering vocabulary, it is difficult to master the target language. Therefore, the teacher should use an appropriate teaching technique in order
to make the students learn the vocabulary more effectively and meaningfully. It will make the students easy to understand the material and enjoy the teaching learning
process, so that the learning outcome will be obtained optimally. There are several techniques that can be used by the teacher to teach
vocabulary. According to Wilson 2009:1-3 there are ten ways to teach vocabulary, such as: Word Walls, Content Rich Words, Context, Repeated Reading, Word
BookPersonal Dictionary, Graphic Organizers, Prediction, Sketching, Compare, and
Games. One of those techniques in teaching vocabulary that was used in this research is games. Furthermore according to Mubaslat, 2012:3 games and especially
educational games are one of the techniques and procedures that the teacher may use in teaching a foreign language. Therefore the researcher used Crossword Puzzles
game to teach vocabulary to the students.
2.5 The Use of Game and Kinds of Game in Teaching Vocabulary
