Problem of the Study Objective of the Study Scope of the Study Significance of the Study

1.2. Problem of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, the problems discussed in this thesis are : 1. How are the phonological processes of two year old child in acquiring Indonesian phoneme? 2. What consonants and vowels that can be and cannot be produced by two year old child?

1.3. Objective of the Study

In doing the analysis, there are objectives found in this analysis, those are : 1. To describe the phonological processes of two year old child in acquiring Indonesian phoneme. 2. To find out the consonants and vowels that can be and cannot be produced by two year old child.

1.4. Scope of the Study

The writer must limit the scope of this study. This thesis focuses on first language acquisition, especially in phonological acquisition. Universitas Sumatera Utara This thesis will focus on how actually phonological acquisition process occurs in two year old child in producing hisher words. The writer uses two children with some different aspects as the subjects. This thesis is limited to the aim of describing the phonological process occurs in two year child and finding out the dominant process of two year old child’s phonological acquisition and it is also limited to the words which have been selected by the writer.

1.5. Significance of the Study

The writer expects the significance of the study as : 1. This thesis will give knowledge and information for parents and people around the child regarding how the words and sounds are formed in child’s language, in order to understand the child when he or she is trying to communicate with them. 2. Practically, the writer expects that this thesis will be a reference for other related studies, especially phonological acquisition, and for those who want to conduct further studies in this field. Universitas Sumatera Utara REFERENCES Bowen, Caroline. 1998. Typical speech development: A gradual acquisition of the speech sound system. Retrieved from http:speech-language- therapy.comacquisition.html June 2015 Chaer, Abdul. 2003. Psikolinguistik; Kajian Teoretik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Chomsky, N; Skinner, B. F. 1959. A Review of B. F. Skinners Verbal Behavior. Language Linguistic Society of America 35 1: 26 –58. Clark, Eve V. 2003. First Language Acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Darjowidjojo, Soenjono. 2000. ECHA: Kisah Pemerolehan Bahasa Anak Indonesia. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Widiasarana Indonesia. Fletcher, Paul, Garman, Michael. Eds. 1986. Language Acquisition: Studies in First Language Development 2nd ed.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Giegerich, Heinz J. 1992. English Phonology: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gillen, Julia. 2003. The Language of Children. United States of America: Routledge. Hanks, Heidi. 2015. Mommy Speech Theraphy Thoughts on Early Speech Language Development. Retrieved from http:mommyspeechtherapy.com?p=2158 June 2015 Universitas Sumatera Utara Ingram, David. 1989. First Language Acquisition: Method, Description, and Explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jones, Daniel. 1956. The Pronunciation of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1 Katie. 2011. Speech Development: Phonological Processes and Phonological Delay. Retrieved from http:www.playingwithwords365.com201109phonological- processes-and-phonological-delay July 2015 Ladefoged, Peter. 1975. A Course in Phonetics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. Lass, Roger. 1984. Phonology: An Introduction to Basic Concepts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Marsono. 1989. Fonetik. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press. Moeliono, Anton M. Ed. 1992. Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Perum Balai Pustaka. O’Grady, William. 2005. How Children Learn Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Punch, Keith F. 1998. Introduction to Social Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. London: SAGE Publication. Universitas Sumatera Utara Simanjuntak, Mangantar. 1990. Psikolinguistik Perkembangan TEORI-TEORI PEROLEHAN FONOLOGI “Theories of the Acquisition of Phonology”. Jakarta: Gaya Media Pratama. Sudaryanto. 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa: Pengantar Penelitian Wahana Kebudayaan secara Linguistis. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana. Tarigan, Henry Guntur. 1984. Psikolinguistik. Bandung: Angkasa. Universitas Sumatera Utara

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE