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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING
A. The Description of the Data
In the previous chapter, the techniques of completing the data have been mentioned clearly. Furthermore, the results of collecting data could be seen as
below:
1. The Result of the Test
The researcher has given an essay personal pronouns test. There were 43 students on the absent list, but there were only 34 students in the class. Some
of them moved to another school, and another did not come to school. So, the researcher only took 34 students as a sample. The test is an essay about
personal pronouns, which is guided by two 2 instructions. The students needed to fill in the blank and to choose the right answer between two choices
or the students only had to follow the instructions given. After conducting the test, the research
er analyzed the data from the students’ test to find out the errors that students made in hisher answer.
Below, the research er analyzed each student’s error in their answers. In
this study, the researcher found that the common kind of personal pronouns error made by the students is subject pronoun and the common type of the
error made by the students in personal pronouns error is in mis-selection term.
Table 4.1 The
Frequency of Students’ Errors in using Personal Pronoun No.
Types of Personal Pronouns
Frequency of Errors
Percentage
1. Subject pronoun
199 68.7
2. Object pronoun
91 31.3
TOTAL 290
100
Here is the chart represented to the frequency of students’ errors in using
personal pronouns.
Figure 4.1 The Frequency of Students Errors in Using Personal Pronoun
From the table and the figure above, it can be seen the most errors that the students made is subject pronoun.
69 31
0 0 Subject Pronoun
Object Pronoun
After identifying the data, the researcher analyzed the errors and classified them based on the Surface Taxonomy Categories to know whether
these errors involve in omission, addition, selection, or ordering. This calculation used the formula of descriptive analysis technique as can be
seen as below: P =
Note: P: Percentage;
f: Frequency of a type of error; n: Number of total errors occur.
Furthermore, to make it easier to read, she presents it in the following table below:
Table 4.2 The Recapitulation of Error Types, Frequency and its Percentage
No. Level
Modification Substance
Text Discourse
Total Of Error
Grammar Lexis
1. Omission
- 11=3.7
- -
11= 3.7
2. Addition
1=0.3 -
- -
1= 0.3
3.
Selection
7= 2.4 257= 88.6
- 14= 4.8
278= 95.8
4. Ordering
- -
- -
- TOTAL
290 = 100
Figure 4.2 The Recapitulation of Error Types, Frequency and its Percentage
Based on the calculation above, it can be concluded that the total errors of omission were 11 errors or 3.7 in grammar text level, the addition were 1
error or 0.3 in substance level. The error of selection were 278 errors or 95.8 error in substance level were 7 errors or 2.4, in grammar level were
257 errors or 88.6, and in discourse level were 14 errors or 4.8, while there were no errors found in mis-ordering. From the calculation of the data,
error of selection is the most frequent errors done by the first grade students of SMP YMJ with the percentage 95.8. Moreover, it is followed by error of
omission with percentage 3.7, and error in addition only 0.3. To be more clearly the researcher explains each of the error below:
3,7 0,3
95,8 Omission
Addition Mis-order
Mis-selection
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