Second is the script of Unconditional film. The last is from books, internet, journals, and thesis.
2. Data Analysis Technique
The writer uses descriptive analysis technique by watching carefully and analyzing the film based on relevant theories and supporting data.
Furthermore, the writer will use some form of dialogue quotations and images from the film. Quotations that have been selected will be used to
answer the questions contained in the problem. 3.
Instruments of the Research
The instruments of the research is the writer herself as the subject by watching the movie, collecting the data obtained relating to the relationship.
4. The Unit Analysis
The unit analysis of the research is Unconditional film, directed and script written by Brent Mc Corkle, and produced by Jason Atkins and J.
Wesley Legg. The film was released on September 2012.
5. Time Research
The writer began this research on August 2016, and took place in the library of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University and the library of
Adab and Humanities faculty.
6. Research Design
To get clear image of this research the writer divides this research into four chapters which in every chapter has sub chapter.
Chapter 1 Introduction contains of The Background of the Study, Focus of
The Study, Research Question, Significant of the Study, The Objectives of Research and Research methodology. The Sub-Chapter contains The
Method of the Research, The Technique of Data Analysis, The Instrument of Research, The Unit of Data Analysis, The Time and Place of Research,
and Research Design. Chapter II
The Theoretical description contains of Previous Research and Concept. The Sub chapters contains of the explanation of Character and
Characterization, and Representation theory. Chapter III
Data Findings contains Data Description and Data Analysis. Chapter IV
Conclusion and Suggestion contains Conclusion and Suggestion.
8
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Previous Research
Many researcher has used postcolonial theory to analyze many literary work, one of them is a thesis by Rendy Septiadi R entitled “supremasi kulit putih
dibalik kemenangan orang kulit hitam dalam film Djanggo Unchained 2012 sebagai kritik terhadap ideology post-racial di Amerika. This thesis discussed
about the relationship between Djanggo and Dr.King Schultz, a treasure hunter who saved Djanggo’s life and another white people, to symbolize a representation
of white people’s supremacy to show a process of hegemony to preserved white people’s supremacy and also to show on how Djanggo’s character being a subject
to preserved white people’s supremacy. It means that this thesis discussed about how Djanggo Unchained film could be seen as a response about post racial
society and to study on the meanings of symbolization slavery abolishment propaganda in this film.
Another research using postcolonial theory is also a thesis written by Helendra entitled “A postcolonial analysis of the main character in the novel the
reluctant fundamentalist 2007 by Mohsin Hamid”. This thesis analyzed the cause of identity arouses in the main character who struggles with his feelings to
decide whether he stays in America or goes back to his country.
While in Unconditional film, the writer will analyze about superiority that emerges in the film. Even though racism value has almost gone, the superiority
sill could be seen from the main character, Samantha Crawford.
B. Postcolonial Theory
The term Post-colonial was originally used in 1970’s, definition of term postcolonial is constantly debated in different term. For example, the prefix “post”
makes the problem more complicated because it brings the meaning of “event after” in two sense time, which came after and ideological, in the sense of place.
The second implication that is opposed by the critic these terms: if the imbalance of the colonial government could not be eliminated, then the colonialism was over
premature.
9
However, it is view in terms of area and time, indeed literally colonialism is over, and now we are in the postcolonial. It causes the colonies
already spread throughout the world, then the whole world is a region and time of the postcolonial. From this considerations we can see that the term postcolonial
inadequate in defining the current reality of the countries that ever be colonized, because the process of mastery over the forms and the new system has not
stopped.
10
Postcolonial studies is one of a growing academic study after the 1980’s. This development as a result of critical thinking theory and postmodern though
Nietzhe inherited, such as: Heidegger, Derrida, Michael Foulcalt, Bataille, Edward W. Said, and others. There are similar characteristics and the main
9
Ania Loomba, ColonialismPostcolonialism, London and New York: Reutledge, 1998 p. 1
10
Mudji Sutrisno and Hendar Putranto, Hermeneutika Pascakolonial; Soal Identitas, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2004, p. 12
characteristic of critical theory, and postmodern social theory is useful to raise awareness and insight enable changes in socio-cultural environment in a rational
and more humane. It is the evident in postcolonial studies. Therefore, the purposed Akhyar that critical theory and postmodern has large contribution in
growing awareness among scientists.
11
Postcolonial theory is a set of theories in the field of philosophy, film, literature, and another field which learn the legality of culture which related with
colonialism. Postcolonial theory in the study of literature is understood as a strategy that generates question, which can help to identify the signs of
colonialism in critical texts and literature and assess the nature and significance of the effects of textual sign. Postcolonial discourse not only revolve around literally
texts published in the colonial period but also in the post of colonialism. Study postcolonial tries to focus on relation between government with the
colonized countries, while the relation between colonizer and colonized is the hegemonic relationship, which colonizer is the superior group than the colonized
is the inferior side. From the hegemonic relation between colonizer and colonized it creates the term domination and subordination, and from this relation it creates
the unpleasant portrays about colonized as the barbaric, uncultured, unwished, mystic, irrational, and primitive.
12
In this era, the concept of colonialism as a colonizer or domine, that forming “new community” it might make unfair. Colonialism is not an identical process in
different parts of the world but everywhere it locked the original inhabitants and
11
Akhyar Yusuf Lubis, Dekonstruksi Epistimologi Modern: Dari Posmodernisme, Teori Kritis, Poskolonialisme, Hingga Cultural Studies,
Jakarta: Pustaka Indonesia Satu, 2006, P. 199
12
Leela Gandhi, Postcolonialism Theory: A Critical Introduction, p. vi
the newcomers into the most complex and traumatic relationship in human history.
13
Further, Ania Loomba points out that the process of forming a new community in the new land means un-forming or re-forming the original
communities. Loomba concludes this definition stating that the colonialism means the conquest and control of other people’s land and goods. It is not only the
expansion of various European powers in non-European countriesareas but a recurrent and widespread feature of human history, and involved a wide range of
practice including trade, plunder, negotiation, warfare, genocide, enslavement and rebellions. The phenomenon of colonialism were produced through a variety of
writing-public and private record, letters, trade document, government papers, fiction and scientific literature. These practices and writings are an important part
of all that contemporary studies of colonialism and post colonialism try to make sense of.
14
Ania Loomba points out the changed picture of modern European colonialism that enriched the different kind of colonial practices which altered the
whole globe. The modern colonialism developed in addition with extracting tribute, goods and wealth from conquered countries, a new and complex
relationship and engendered a flow of human and natural resources between colonized and colonial countries to grow profit for them. Loomba adds ahead that
European colonialism has applied a variety of techniques and patterns of domination as well as it produced the economic imbalance, necessarily for the
growth of European capitalism and industry.
13
Ania Loomba, Op., Cit, p. 2
14
Akhyar Yusuf Lubis, Op., Cit, p. 120
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