Plot the four separate time series and describe any trends in the separate time

Soc. 3.11 The following table presents the homeownership rates, in percentages, by state for the years 1985, 1996 and 2002. These values represent the proportion of homes owned by the occu- pant to the total number of occupied homes. State 1985 1996 2002 State 1985 1996 2002 Alabama 70.4 71.0 73.5 Montana 66.5 68.6 69.3 Alaska 61.2 62.9 67.3 Nebraska 68.5 66.8 68.4 Arizona 64.7 62.0 65.9 Nevada 57.0 61.1 65.5 Arkansas 66.6 66.6 70.2 New Hampshire 65.5 65.0 69.5 California 54.2 55.0 58.0 New Jersey 62.3 64.6 67.2 Colorado 63.6 64.5 69.1 New Mexico 68.2 67.1 70.3 Connecticut 69.0 69.0 71.6 New York 50.3 52.7 55.0 Delaware 70.3 71.5 75.6 North Carolina 68.0 70.4 70.0 Dist. of Columbia 37.4 40.4 44.1 North Dakota 69.9 68.2 69.5 Florida 67.2 67.1 68.7 Ohio 67.9 69.2 72.0 Georgia 62.7 69.3 71.7 Oklahoma 70.5 68.4 69.4 Hawaii 51.0 50.6 57.4 Oregon 61.5 63.1 66.2 Idaho 71.0 71.4 73.0 Pennsylvania 71.6 71.7 74.0 Illinois 60.6 68.2 70.2 Rhode Island 61.4 56.6 59.6 Indiana 67.6 74.2 75.0 South Carolina 72.0 72.9 77.3 Iowa 69.9 72.8 73.9 South Dakota 67.6 67.8 71.5 Kansas 68.3 67.5 70.2 Tennessee 67.6 68.8 70.1 Kentucky 68.5 73.2 73.5 Texas 60.5 61.8 63.8 Louisiana 70.2 64.9 67.1 Utah 71.5 72.7 72.7 Maine 73.7 76.5 73.9 Vermont 69.5 70.3 70.2 Maryland 65.6 66.9 72.0 Virginia 68.5 68.5 74.3 Massachusetts 60.5 61.7 62.7 Washington 66.8 63.1 67.0 Michigan 70.7 73.3 76.0 West Virginia 75.9 74.3 77.0 Minnesota 70.0 75.4 77.3 Wisconsin 63.8 68.2 72.0 Mississippi 69.6 73.0 74.8 Wyoming 73.2 68.0 72.8 Missouri 69.2 70.2 74.6 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Internet site: http:www.census.govftppubhheswwwhvs.html

a. Construct a relative frequency histogram plot for the homeownership data given in the

table for the years 1985, 1996, and 2002. b. What major differences exist between the plots for the three years? c. Why do you think the plots have changed over these 17 years?

d. How could Congress use the information in these plots for writing tax laws that allow

major tax deductions for homeownership? 3.12 Construct a stem-and-leaf plot for the data of Exercise 3.11. 3.13 Describe the shape of the stem-and-leaf plot and histogram for the homeownership data in Exercises 3.11 and 3.12, using the terms modality, skewness, and symmetry in your description. Bus. 3.14 A supplier of high-quality audio equipment for automobiles accumulates monthly sales data on speakers and receiver–amplifier units for 5 years. The data in thousands of units per month are shown in the following table. Plot the sales data. Do you see any overall trend in the data? Do there seem to be any cyclic or seasonal effects? Year J F M A M J J A S O N D 1 101.9 93.0 93.5 93.9 104.9 94.6 105.9 116.7 128.4 118.2 107.3 108.6 2 109.0 98.4 99.1 110.7 100.2 112.1 123.8 135.8 124.8 114.1 114.9 112.9 3 115.5 104.5 105.1 105.4 117.5 106.4 118.6 130.9 143.7 132.2 120.8 121.3 4 122.0 110.4 110.8 111.2 124.4 112.4 124.9 138.0 151.5 139.5 127.7 128.0 5 128.1 115.8 116.0 117.2 130.7 117.5 131.8 145.5 159.3 146.5 134.0 134.2