Do the conditions required for the statistical techniques used in a and b appear to

Med. 6.54 To assess whether degreed nurses received a more comprehensive training than registered nurses, a study was designed to compare the two groups. The state nursing licensing board ran- domly selected 50 nurses from each group for evaluation. They were given the state licensing board examination and their scores are summarized in the following tables and graphs.

a. Can the licensing board conclude that the mean score of nurses who receive a BS in

nursing is higher than the mean score of registered nurses? Use a ⫽ .05. b. Report the approximated p-value for your test. c. Estimate the size of the difference in the mean scores of the two groups of nurses using a 95 confidence interval.

d. The mean test scores are considered to have a meaningful difference only if they differ

by more than 40 points. Is the observed difference in the mean scores a meaningful one? Pol. Sci. 6.55 All persons running for public office must report the amount of money spent during their campaign. Political scientists have contended that female candidates generally find it difficult to raise money and therefore spend less in their campaign than male candidates. Suppose the accompanying data represent the campaign expenditures of a randomly selected group of male and female candidates for the state legislature. Do the data support the claim that female candi- dates generally spend less in their campaigns for public office than male candidates? Campaign Expenditures in thousands of dollars Candidate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

19 20

Female 169

206 257

294 252 283 240 207 230 183 298 269 256 277 300 126 318 184 252 305 Male 289 334 278 268 336 438 388 388 394 394 425 386 356 342 305 365 355 312 209 458

a. State the null and alternative hypotheses in

i. Plain English ii. Statistical terms or symbols

b. Estimate the size of the difference in campaign expenditures for female and male

candidates. c. Is the difference statistically significant at the .05 level? d. Is the difference of practical significance? 6.56 Refer to Exercise 6.55. What conditions must be satisfied in order to use the t procedures to analyze the data? Use the accompanying summary data and plot to determine whether these conditions have been satisfied for the data in Exercise 6.55. Two-Sample T-Test and Confidence Interval Two-sample T for Degreed vs RN N Mean StDev SE Mean Degreed 50 399.9 17.2 2.4 RN 50 354.7 30.9 4.4 95 CI for mu Degreed - mu RN: 35.3, 55.2 T-Test mu Degreed mu RN vs : T 9.04 P 0.0000 DF 76 450 400 350 300 Degreed nurses Registered nurses Examination scores Boxplots of degreed and registered nurses means are indicated by solid circles