characters suffer in certain situation at certain place. As stated by Hudson 1913: 171:
Fourthly, the action must take place, and the characters must do and suffer, somewhere and at some time; and
thus we have a scene and a time of action.
Setting of time refers to the historical period in which action develops. It explains for readers what happens in certain place, and how the condition and
situation in that age. According to Hudson 1913: 211: Sometimes the historical setting has comparatively
little to do with the essence of the narrative, the basis of which is provided rather by the permanent
facts of experience than by the forms which these facts assume in special circumstances.
Then, setting of social refers to background of character and which environment characters live. It explains to reader about the social status of
character in story, how character grown up and the way of live of character. Hudson 1913: 209 asserts:
In this term we include the entire milieu of a story—the manners, customs, ways of life, which enter into its
composition, as well as its natural background or environment.
3.4 Plot
According to Perrine 1984:41, plot is the sequence of incident or events which the story is composed and it may conclude what character says or thinks, as
well as what he does, but it leaves out description and analysis and concentrates ordinarily on major happening. Plot can be said such a scheme where the reader
can understand the orientation in the beginning, what first potential conflict that
appears in that story, what is the big potential conflict that might become the climax of the story, what kind of event that could be the raising conflict as the
sign that the story would have the resolution as his or her ending. According to Mochtar Lubis http:SebuahCatatanSastraApaituPlot.htm,
Plot consists of five element; they are: exposition, raising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Exposition is first stage of traditional plot structure; that
introduces main characters; provides background information; sets scene; establishes potential for conflict. This is included a description of the setting
time, place, and social, the main characters and their relationships to each other, and an explanation of what is happening at the beginning of the story. Rising
action Complication is the second stage of plot where characters engage in conflicts and antagonism is heightened. Climax crisis is the third stage of plot
that is the moment of greatest emotional intensity. Turning point is the moment when the conflict begins to go in a new direction. It can often be very subtle, like
a realization that one character finally has, or a simple shift in circumstances that makes all the difference in the way the protagonist relates to the antagonist.
Falling action is fourth stage of plot when immediate consequences of crisis. Then the last is resolution conclusion. It is the fifth stage of plot, can unraveling of
tensions. It is the phase when most questions are answered. It tells how the conflict is or is not completely resolved.
3.5 Desire
