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Discussion Quesion
Referring to the Table in Appendix B, which of the principles have you observed to be important in your policy-making experience? How might these and the other design and implementation
principles guide your recommendations for an effective policy portfolio in support of MEAs you are responsible for?
How might these and the other design and implementation principles guide your recommendations for an effective policy portfolio in support of MEAs you are responsible for?
2.4.2 Tool 4: Policy Mapping
This tool addresses the fourth question in UNEP’s integrated environmental assessment IEA approach: What is being done and how effective is it? Identifying a portfolio of policy
instruments for achieving MEA commitments necessitates knowing the current landscape of policy instruments already being implemented in a country.
Using the DPSIR analytical framework, the Policy Mapping Tool allows a policy-maker to map what policies are being implemented that address environmental states, direct pressures, indirect drivers
and also the impacts of changes in the state of the environment. The Policy Map therefore provides a systems level view of the policy landscape, much more detailed than traditional policy analysis.
An example Policy Map related to biodiversity in the Caribbean context is shown in Figure 10. The first step in developing the map is identifying the specific environmental state that is the focus
for improvement. In the example, two states are listed: forests and marine areas. The next step is to identify the direct pressures and indirect drivers of changes in the state of the environment,
followed by the impacts on ecosystem services and human well-being. Now policy analysis can begin using both desk research and group deliberation to list policies that are currently being
implemented to address the state, pressure, driver and impact parts of the system. The product is a comprehensive systems view of the policy landscape.
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The use of IEA tools for improved MEA implementation
The forward-looking policy analysis is the next step, designed to identify gaps and a more rounded portfolio that addresses leverage points across the system. Key questions to address
for this step include:
n
Is the current portfolio of policies directed at the MEA sufficient to achieve the desired long-term outcome target?
n
Are policies being directed at all system leverage points including states, pressures, drivers and impacts?
n
Is a mix of policy instrument types being used, including command and control regulations, direct provision by governments, policies that engage the public and
private sectors, using markets, and creating markets?
Developed by the workshop participants in Suriname 2011
Figure 10. Example policy map related to biodiversity
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Exercise 4: Creaing a Policy Map
Required for the exercise: A specific MEA to focus on and the results of a DPSI analysis on that MEA see exercise 2; A group of ~5 persons familiar with national level policies
Task 1: Using the Policy Map template provided Figure 11, list your focal MEA at
the top of the page and fill in the DPSI information, starting with the states of the environment.
Task 2: Brainstorm among your group to identify policies currently being implemented
that address the DPSI parts of the system. Task 3: Analyse the policy map by addressing the following questions:
a Are policies being directed at all system leverage points including states, pressures, drivers and impacts?
b Is a mix of policy instrument types being used, including command and control regulations, direct provision by governments, policies that engage the public and
private sectors, using markets, and creating markets?
c Is the current portfolio of policies directed at the MEA sufficient to achieve the desired long-term outcome target?
Task 4: Make recommendations to address any gaps identified in Task 3.
Figure 11. Policy Mapping Template.
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The use of IEA tools for improved MEA implementation
2.5 Step 5: Assessing risks, opportuniies and adaptaions
