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2.2.3 Figurative Language in Novel
As mentioned before that figurative language usually exists in a novel. Here, the novel is as one of way for the author to write figurative language.
According to Buhler in Newmark 1988:39, “novel is included into expressive functions of language. The other two are informative and vocative function.”
Novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form. The English word derives from the Italian word ‘novella’, meaning “a
tale, a piece of news”. Novel is longer than any other works such as poem or short story. It is not bound by structural and metrical restrictions such as in plays and
poetry http:en.wikipedia.orgwikiNovel. However, novels usually attempts to bring greater senses of realism to the narrative by covering a wide range of
characters and experience. With the reference of those definitions above, the writer concludes that
novel is a work of narrative fiction in certain length, written in which characters and their actions are described to represent daily life. It is said that novel is a
book-length because most of novels wrote in about 40,000 or more that sizes a book. Novel nowadays can be perceived as a quite phenomenon literary work
since many people with unrelated background are competing in writing novel. In addition by using figurative language, the novel has certain features in it. The
novel will be more vivid imagery, have stronger feeling, the additional detail and comes beautifully to be read by the reader.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the methodology of the research, and describes the method of the research, the source of data, the data samples, the techniques of
collecting the data, and the techniques of analyzing the data.
3.1 Method of the Research
In this research, a descriptive qualitative method is used by the writer in analyzing and in exposing the obtained data which is the figurative language that
is found in the novel. According to Fraenkel and Wallen 1993: 23 state that descriptive method is method used to explain, analyze, and classify, something
through various techniques, survey, interview, questionnaire, and test. In addition, Fraenkel and Wallen 1993: 380 also explain about qualitative research.
Qualitative research is defined as “a research study that investigates the quality of relationships, activities, situations or materials.” Qualitative methods use
descriptions and categories words, for examples, open ended interviews, naturalistic observation, and document analysis. The writer analyzed the data one
by one or detail. Based on Bogdan and Knopp in Fraenkell and Wallen 1993: 380-381
describes five characteristics of qualitative method. First, the natural setting is the direct source of data, and the researcher is the key instrument in qualitative
research. Second, qualitative data are collected in the form of word or pictures
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