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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with place and time of the study, the method of the study, population, sample and sampling, variables and research design,
technique of collecting the data, and technique of analyzing the data.
A. The Place and Time of the Study
In order to ensure that it is easier for the researcher to conduct the research, she is willing to have her research on her own school. It is a
religion-based junior high school or commonly known as Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Paron in the academic year of 20092010. It is located
on Jalan Raya Ngawi –Jogorogo Km 19 telp 0351 730162. It is conducted from April up to June 2010.
B. The Method of the Research
Research is about inquiry that has systematic processes: a question, problem, or hypothesis, data and analysis of the data Nunan, 1992: 2. The
experiment is used in this research. In experimental study, the researcher implements treatment on the experimental class but does not implement it
on the control class. The treatment is the independent variable: TGT method in experimental group and DI method in control group.
C. Population, Sample and Sampling
A population is any group of individuals that have one or more characteristic in common that are of interest to the writer Brown, 1988: 8.
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commit to user Meanwhile, Tuckman in his book entitled Conducting Educational
Research says”……….[ A population is] group about which the writer is interested in gaining information and drawing conclusion 1978: 227.
From those statement it is obvious that population is a group which has characteristic that makes the writer interested to do research. The writer
may do research in any group or any individuals which heshe is interested in.
The population of the research is the students of MTsN 2 Paron consisting of 445 students. It is almost impossible for the researcher to
conduct research on those large numbers of students so that it needs sample. According to Saleh 2001: 33 sample is a group of people, things, or
place where the data are taken. Sample is a part that can represent a population. The final purpose of research is to know population but if the
population is too big to be researched, this purpose can be gain through the sample. Further, Saleh states that in order to get sample there is some
consideration, for instance: if the population is below 100, the sample is 50, 101 up to 500, the sample is 30-50 , 501 up to 1000, the sample is
20-30. The population of students in MTsN 2 Paron is 501 meaning that the sample must be at least 150 30 from 501.
Total number of population 501 comes from seventh year, eight year, and ninth year. If the writer intends to do research which covers all the
grade, it is nearly impossible to conduct. The way to tackle this problem is by determining sampling, and the sampling technique used is cluster
commit to user sampling technique. This technique is used when the population is divided
into the groups or classes. So, when the writer conducts the research on MTsN 2 Paron population, she can choose whether the seventh, eighth or
ninth year. As she teaches on the seventh year so that she intends to do the research on the seventh year, and the total number is 170 students. Two
classes are used in this research, one class for experimental group and another one for control group. The samples are class VII D for experimental
group and class VIIC for control group.
D. Variables and Research Design
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