Best environmental practices Eco-efficient manufacturing

Sustainable products 23 • Climate Savers Computing Initiative CSCI – The focus of CSCI is on energy-efficient PC and servers. CSCI promotes the development, deployment and adoption of energy-efficient technologies for PC power delivery and use of power-down states for reducing the idle state energy consumption. • Green Grid – Green Grid’s charter includes defining meaningful, user-centric models and metrics for data center efficiency. It also promotes the adoption of energy-efficient standards, processes, measurement methods and technologies. The Green Grid is best known for publishing the Power Usage Effectiveness PUEData Center infrastructure Efficiency DCiE and Data Center Productivity DCP metrics for data centers. • ITU-T: Study Group 5 SG5 on Environment and Climate Change – See their work product: “Energy efficient power feedersupplies for ICT devices”. • US EPA Energy Star – The Energy Star programme aims to generate awareness of energy saving capabilities and accelerate the market penetration of more energy-efficient technologies for ICT products such as computers. In July 2009, Energy Star released Version 5 of its specifications for PCs, laptops, power supplies, displays, workstations and thin clients. • 3GPP – The 3GPP standardization group is targeting the base stations of cellular networks see document “3GPP Green activitiesEnergy Saving V0.0.3 [2010-10]” summarizing the activities. 2.3.3 Best environmental practices 2.3.3.1 Usage • Ensure efficiency of resources during use of the installed ICT product by: 2  implementing reusable supplies or ensuring the maximum usefulness of consumables;  implementing fail safes against heat and material loss;  minimizing the volume, area and weight of parts and materials to which energy is transferred;  implementing default power-down for subsystems that are not in use;  ensuring rapid warm up and power-down;  maximizing system efficiency for an entire range of usage conditions;  interconnecting available flows of energy and materials within the product and between the product and its environment;  incorporating partial operation and permitting users to turn off systems partially or completely;  using feedback mechanisms to indicate how much energy or water is being consumed;  incorporating intuitive controls for resource-saving features;  incorporating features that prevent waste of materials by the end user;  defaulting mechanisms to automatically reset the product to its most efficient setting. • Guidance for establishing a green data center. Many data centers have exploited various techniques to improve energy efficiency such as inducing cold air into a server room in the winter season. The best practice guidance for establishment of the green data centers will be very helpful to save energy consumption of data centers. • Energy efficiency measurement methods for data center equipments e.g. power supply unit PSU, server systems, ACDC rectifiers, DCDC converters, batteries, etc.. • Data center energy efficiency methodology: PUE and DCiE are unique evaluation factors developed by the Green Grid. • DC power distribution – Specification of DC power voltage, outlet and connector types. • Real-time energy consumption monitoring: Real-time energy consumption monitoring can help manage and reduce energy consumptions of all types of industries and organizations. A monitoring infrastructure will be involved with various technical issues such as networking, system and application interfaces, and reference architecture. Relevant energy sources are electric power, fossil fuels such as