1. Definition of Visual Media
Prof. Dr. Azhar Arsyad states that “Media visual memegang peranan penting dalam proses belajar. Media visual dapat memperlancar pemahaman
dan ingatan. Dan bentuk-bentuk media visual itu dapat berupa: a gambar, b diagram, c peta, d grafik”.
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Visual media is the important role in learning process. Visual media can accelerate for understanding and memory. And the
forms of visual media, they are: a picture, b chart, c map, d graphs. In oxford Learner’s Dictionary, visual media describe as” picture, film-
strips, cinema films, map, etc which are used as teaching aids.”
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It can be defined as things that can be seen and used as a visual teaching and learning.
“Media visual adalah alat bantu pengajaran yang kasatmata”.
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Visual media are teaching aids which is visuable. According to S.Pit Corder “visual
aids is anything which can be seen while the language is being spoken may be a visual aid”.
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2. Kinds of Visual Media
1. Picture
According to Andrew Wright, “pictures are not just aspect of method but through their representation of places, objects and people they are an essential
part of the overall experiences.”
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In oxford Learner’s Dictionary, “pictures are painting, drawing, sketch of something, especially as a work of art.”
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According to Dr. Arief S. Sadiman M.S states that, “gambar foto adalah media yang paling umum dipakai. Dia merupakan bahasa yang umum, yang
dapat dimengerti dan dinikmati dimana-mana.”
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Picture is the most
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Azhar Arsyad, Media Pembelajaran, …p. 89. translated by the writer.
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AS Hornby, Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, New York: Oxford University Press, 1987, p. 959
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Yakub Liman, Paper Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris di Lembaga Pendidikan Sekolah, Lembaga Bahasa Unika Atmajaya, 1990. p. 8.translated by the writer.
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Schofeild Sims,et al, English as a Foreign or Second Language Vol. XVII No.2, January 1963, p. 85.
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Andrew Wright, Pictures for Language Learning, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989, p.2.
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AS Hornby, Oxford Learner’s Dictionary … p. 631
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Arief S. Sadiman, et, al, Media Pendidikan Pengertian, Pengembangan, dan Pemanfaatannya,
Jakarta: Rajawali, 1986, P. 29. translated by the writer.
commonly used media. It is general language; it can be understood and enjoyed everywhere.
In teaching learning English, picture is very important especially for vocabulary and grammar lesson. Marianne Celce- Murcia states that,
“pictures are versatile and useful resources for teaching aspects of grammar that require a structure-meaning match. They can be used in all phases of a
grammar lesson i.e. presentation, focused practice, and for feedback and correction.
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Interesting or entertaining pictures motivate students to respond in ways that more routine teaching aids. In teaching learning English, picture
can play an important role because it has more contribution. Specifically, pictures contribute to:
a interest and motivation;
b a sense of the context of the language;
c a specific reference point or stimulus.
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But, when the English teacher uses or chooses the pictures, heshe has to consider some criteria of the pictures as Finnochiaro states that “pictures
should be large enough to be seen by all students. The pictures of individual objects or people should be simple as possible. Some of them should contain
color.”
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Andrew Wright states the five criteria using the picture: a
Easy to prepare. b
Easy to organize. c
Interesting. d
Meaningful and authentic. e
Sufficient amount of language.
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According to Penny Ur, picture can be used to teach degrees of comparison.
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Compare this picture
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Marianne Celce- Murcia, Techniques and Resources in Teaching Grammar, New York: Oxford University Press, p.73.
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Andrew Wright, Pictures for Language Learning … p.2.
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Mary Finnochiaro Michael Bonomo, the Foreign Language … p. 165.
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Andrew Wright, Pictures for Language … p.3.
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Penny Ur, Grammar Practice Activities, Cambridge: University Press, 1988, p.64.
Dewi Dina
Muslim 17 years old
12 years old 21 years old
2. Flash Card
Other example of visual media is flash cards. Flash cards are cards on which words andor pictures are printed or drawn. They should be big enough
to be seen clearly by every student in the class.
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The cards should be about 12 inches long and 4 inches wide.
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Flash cards can be used for consolidating vocabulary, practicing new structure or a variety games. They are simple and effective, but they also
require careful thought and preparation in advance.
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In this skripsi, the writer took word card.
Word Card In this word cards, we are not necessarily confined to having pictures on
this flashcards. Word flashcards can also be used for structure for structure practice.
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For example: practicing word order, comparative degree, etc.
Word Order figure1
Comparative Degree figure 2
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John Haycraft, an Introduction to English Language Teaching, Longman, p. 103.
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Mary Finnochiaro Michael Bonomo, the Foreign Language …p. 169.
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John Haycraft, an Introduction to English …p. 103.
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Peter Hubbard,et, al, A Training Course for TEFL, New York: Oxford University Press, 1983, p. 115.
DOCTOR SAY
ITALIAN DID
THE WHAT
My legs Short
Your legs Comics
Funny Novel
3. Real object
Real object is real life objects that enable students to make connections to their own lives. Finnochiaro assumes that students understand and retain the
meaning of a word better when they have seen or have touched some object associated with it.
There are several uses of real object, as follows: a.
Uses for resenting vocabulary b.
Uses or presenting new structures. c.
To help students get into character when acting out a dialogue or doing role play.
d. As props for dialogues or role play.
e. Aids for various games.
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4. Table
Prof. Drs. Azhari Arsyad says, “ Tabel berisikan informasi angka-angka atau data. Tabel merupakan media yang sangat baik untuk menunjukkan
informasi waktu yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk kolom-kolom.” Table contents the information of numbers or data. Table is a good media to denote
time which is showed in columns.
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Table is collecting number that arranges based on certain characteristic in order to make analysis of data easily.
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Table includes graphic aids. Table is suitable for visual media that can be used in English teaching and learning process especially for grammar lesson.
As Marianne- Celcia Murcia states that “ … charts, tables, schedules, graph and other graphic aids as resources to facilitate both focused and
communicative practice of grammar.”
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C. Degrees of Comparison
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