language, has only two inflected tenses: Past and Present.
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The time of the action is commonly expressed by the verb. With tense, student can know when the time action
occur, and understand the correspondence between the form of the verb and their concept of time.
The present perfect tense is a construction made up of a construction made up of the auxiliary have + the past participle form of the main verb. It is used to indicate
an action that took place at an indifinite time or over a period of time in the past, but still has relevance in the present. The time of the actions is not mentioned and it is not
implied. W. Stannard Allen in living English structure stated: “English has three main
divisions, Past, Present and Present Perfect Tense…”
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Absolutely, the verb in English influenced by the “time”, when it happens or will happen past, present and present
perfect tense. So a verb should be concord or related with the time.
When “state” happened in the past it must be followed by the “adverb of time”. Because In Indonesian language there is now use “the time”strictly even now,
past or future. Beside that there is a tense that used to indicate an action or “state” happened in the past, but it was contiunous to the present or still true at present we
call “present perfect tense”. And the common signals are: since. For, this week, up to now, so far, not yet, once, often, twice and three times etc.
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Most learners also confused with the forms of present perfect tense and their usage and they have difficulty in using them appropriately.
Based on the background above the writer takes a title of this paper”
Student’s difficulty in Learning Present Perfect Tense” A case study at SMK
Puspita Bangsa
B. Limitation of the Study
The writer limits the study on the error of the third year students of SMK Puspita Bangsa Ciputat. These errors are taken from the test focused on Present Perfect tense.
C. Statement of Problem
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Kathryn Riley and Frank Parker, English Grammar Prescriptive, descriptive, Performance USA:1988 p.106
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W. Stannard Allen, Living English Structure London: Longman, 1987, p. 75
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Team of five, Improving Reading Skill in English, Jakarta: Darul Ulum Press, 2001, p.64
Based on the background of study, the writer formulates his problem as follows: “Which is more difficult for students between form and usage of present
perfect”.
D. Objective of the study
The objectives of writing this paper are: 1. To know some problems found by the students of SMEA Puspita Bangsa in
Learning present perfect tense. 2. The most mistakes made by the students is in the areas of present perfect
tense in form and usage respectively.
E. The method of Research
This paper is written based on a field research; in this case the writer takes Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan SMK Puspita Bangsa Ciputat as place for investigation
to be discussed. In field research the writer observes some difficulties and problems found by the third year students in teaching learning process of present perfect tense
after collecting and processing the data the writer would like to offer an alternative to solve the problem.
F. Organization of Study
This skripsi divided into four chapters, as follows: The first chapter explains the introduction, the background of study, limitation
of the study, statement of the problem, the objective of the study, the method of study and organization of study.
The second chapter discusses the theoretical framework and explain about tense and present perfect tense. Which covers the form and the usage of Present
perfect tense. The third chapter consists research methodology and findings. Research
methodology consists of: object of the research, location, place and time, population and sample, technique of data collecting, instrument of research and technique of data
analysis. Moreover, research findings covers data description, data analysis and data interpretation.
The last chapter consists of two parts, they are conclusion and suggestion.It is a core review of previous discussion in this paper.
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
