Definition of Illocutionary Act
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or negative. It can conclude the directives is connected by speaker demand. Example : Wake up, the speaker expressed what the speaker
wants is order to hearer wake up from bed. In using a directives, the speaker attempts to make the world fit the words via the hearer.
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c. Commisives. Commisives is illocutionary act which the point is to
commit the speaker again in varying degrees to some future course of action. The direction of fit is world to words, and the sincerity condition
is intention. The propositional content is always that the speaker does some future action. This class are promise, vow and threat.
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Example : I‟ll be back. In this utterance, the speaker promised that he or she will
be back to hearer. In using a commissive, the speaker undertakes to make the world fit the words via the speaker.
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d. Expressives. The illocutionary point of this class is to express the
phsycological state specified in the sincerity condition about a state of affairs specified in the propositional content. Notice that in expressives
there is no direction of fit in expressive. In performing the expressive act, the speaker tries to get the world by match the words not
conversely, rather the truth of the expressed proposition is presupposed. This class are thank, congratulate, apologize, condole, deplore,
welcome.
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Example : Congratulations to Greg Heffley for winning the perfect attendance-award. The speaker said what he or she feels. The
speaker can be caused by something the speaker does or the hearer
24
George Yule 1996, op. cit., p. 54.
25
J. R. Searle 1977, op. cit., p. 35.
26
George Yule 1996, op. cit.
27
J.R. Searle 1977, op.cit., p. 36.
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does, but they are about the speaker‟s experience. In using an expressives, the speaker makes words fit the world of feeling.
e. Declarations. Declarations is the defining characteristic of successful
performance of one of its members brings about the correspondence between the propositional content and reality. Declarations bring about
some alternative in the status or condition of the referred to object solely by virtue of the fact that the declaration has been successfully
performed. This class are define, abbreviate, name, call, dub.
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It is a speech form that connects the content of speech by its reality. In this
case, the speaker must have a special role in the specific of context to deliver an appropriate declaration. Example : I now pronounce you
husband and wife. In using a declaration, the speaker changes the world via words.
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